L aspau Academic and Professional Programs for the Americas REPORT OF ACTIVITIES: 2006–2008 1 About laspau LASPAU provides access to global educational opportunities, stimulates knowledge generation and transfer, and promotes intercultural understanding throughout the Americas. To achieve this mission, LASPAU partners with individuals and institutions to develop and administer scholarship programs and other academic and professional exchange programs. LASPAU is a nonprofit organization affiliated with Harvard University and governed by an independent, inter-American board of trustees. Founded in 1964, LASPAU is committed to expanding the ability of individuals, institutions, and societies to achieve their highest potential through education. About the Artwork The artwork featured in this report is by Fulbright Faculty Development Program alumnus Alberto Torres Cerrato, a Nicaraguan artist and a professor at the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas “Rodrigo Peñalba.” During his Fulbright studies (2006–2008), Torres received a master of fine arts degree in printmaking from Ohio University. In 2001 and 2007, he was awarded internships to study Italian muralists and intaglio printing techniques, respectively, in Fermo, Italy. He received a bachelor’s degree in the cultural sciences at Universidad Centroamericana (UCA) in Managua. He has worked as a muralist and has participated in several public art projects with national and international artist collaboratives. Currently, he is working on an art research project entitled Los Desaparecidos and an accompanying series of prints and mixed media projects entitled The Forgotten City. This series addresses memory as a device to question the site and non-site specificity of Nicaragua’s capital, Managua. Torres is interested in social and political iconographies that reflect the recent history of his society and Managua’s urban spaces. Contents Letter from the Chair 3 Board of Trustees 4 Executive Director’s Report 5 Programs: 2006–2008 6 Financial Position 14 Cover: Landscape: Water, acrylic on canvas. Page 2: Landscape: Water II, acrylic on canvas. Page 3: The Santiago Craters from Outside, acrylic on canvas. Page 5: Aerial Landscape: Water and Land, the Lake, acrylic on canvas. Pages 16 and 17: Nicaragua: Pieces of History, acrylic on canvas. Pages 18 and 19: Nicaragua: Pieces of History, etching (soft ground, dry point, aquatint) on copper. Page 23 and back cover: The Santiago Craters from Outside, acrylic on canvas. 2 Participating Institutions: 1964–2008 15 Staff 23 Letter from the Chair A s economic change reshapes the outlook and future of Latin America and the Caribbean, a shortage of innovative and highly skilled leaders has become a bottleneck for future development. This deficit ­creates both a challenge and an opportunity for educational exchanges to make significant contributions to the economic outlook of the region through scholarships for advanced degrees and targeted advanced training programs. LASPAU’s work managing scholarship programs on behalf of the Fulbright Program, the Organization of American States, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, COLCIENCIAS, the government of El Salvador, the Ministry of Education of Chile, and other sponsors is having an immediate and lasting effect in strengthening institutions and addressing the growing need for innovative leaders. New programs that offer tailored training in advanced teaching methodology, leadership, and science and technology policy provide added ways to strengthen institutions and contribute to their ability to advance higher learning, further addressing the need for talented professionals. LASPAU-administered programs have benefited 20,000 individuals since the organization’s founding in 1964. This record is impressive, yet the need for advanced learning demands a redoubling of these efforts. In order to meet the challenges of the years ahead, LASPAU must rely on strong foundations that will ensure its sustainability and growth. Following financial challenges ­created by cancellations and delays in programs by major sponsors in 2005 and 2006, LASPAU returned to sound financial ground in 2007 and 2008. A number of new agreements were signed between 2006 and 2008 to continue LASPAU’s efforts to benefit the region. The Fulbright Program and the Institute of International Education signed agreements with LASPAU for an additional five-year commitment to provide scholarships for university faculty from Latin America and the Caribbean to undertake master’s and Ph.D. programs at U.S. universities. This program, which began in 1975, has had enormous success in strengthening universities throughout the region. The W.K. Kellogg Foundation awarded LASPAU a grant through which 30 leaders of non-governmental organizations are receiving advanced training. The University of California in San Diego, the Ministry of Education of Chile, and LASPAU signed an agreement launching the Science, Technology, and Innovation Program for the Americas, an effort to provide hands-on experience for Chilean scientists in technological and scientific innovation. Finally, LASPAU began three programs with Latin American universities to strengthen their efforts in effective teaching and learning. On the financial front, LASPAU finished 2007 with a surplus, and by early 2008 we were able to complete the turnaround from the challenges faced in 2005 and 2006. We are confident that our continued efforts to advance higher education will make a strong contribution to developing the innovative leadership required for social and economic stability in the region. Gustavo Herrero Chair, LASPAU Board of Trustees 3 Board of Trustees: 2008–2009 David Henry 1919–2008 David Henry, former director of admissions and director of the Office of International Students at Harvard University and the founder and first chair of L­ ASPAU, passed away on June 27, 2008. Through LASPAU and an earlier initiative, the African Scholarship Program of American Universities, Henry recognized the need to provide educational opportunities for young people of limited economic means in fields that would contribute to the development of their home countries. His vision, which inspires LASPAU’s activities to this day, has led to significant advancements in Latin America and the Caribbean in areas ranging from higher education to sustainable development to community leadership. David Henry’s exuberance, generosity, and deep commitment to education will be remembered by all who knew him. *Peter Bryant (Treasurer) Chief Financial Officer Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum Boston, Massachusetts Hilda Catalina Cruz Solís Vice President of Research and Development Tecnológico de Monterrey Monterrey, Nuevo León, México *Brian D. Farrell Professor of Biology Curator of Entomology Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts William Fulbright Foote President Root Capital Cambridge, Massachusetts Merilee S. Grindle Director of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies Edward S. Mason Professor of International Development Kennedy School of Government Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts *Gustavo Herrero (Chair) Executive Director Latin America Research Center Harvard Business School Buenos Aires, Argentina Eduardo R. Macagno Richard C. Atkinson Professor of Biology Division of Biological Sciences University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California Felipe Medina Regional Director for Latin America Private Wealth Management Goldman Sachs Miami, Florida *Álvaro Rodríguez Arregui Co-Founder and Managing Partner IGNIA Partners, LLC Monterrey, México *Cristián Shea (Vice Chair) President and CEO Latinvalley, Inc. Santiago, Chile Diana Sorensen James F. Rothenberg Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures Dean for the Humanities Department of Romance Languages and Literatures Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts *Ned D. Strong (Ex officio) Executive Director LASPAU Cambridge, Massachusetts Jocelyn Sierra Clerk of the Corporation LASPAU Cambridge, Massachusetts Lucía Santa Cruz Dean of the Faculty of Liberal Arts Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Las Condes, Chile *Executive Committee and Audit and Finance Committee Member The Audit and Finance Committee also includes Frank Aldrich, ­former head of Latin American operations for Bank of Boston. 4 Executive Director’s Report T he future demands that educational exchange organizations display agility and effectiveness as they respond to the changing needs of program sponsors. Such organizations must be able to develop and administer high-quality, cost-effective initiatives that show a deep understanding of the climate in which they operate. LASPAU is meeting this challenge, not only through the programs described in this report, but through the experience, creativity, and dedication of the staff members who implement them. LASPAU staff members are rewarded by the knowledge that their work on behalf of program sponsors results in long-term, positive benefits to grantees and their countries. This leads to extraordinary commitment to LASPAU and longevity in the organization. Of the current LASPAU staff members listed in this report, over 50% have been at LASPAU longer than five years, 30% have served LASPAU for over fifteen years, and nearly 10% have been at LASPAU for over twenty years. These staff members have excellent, ongoing relationships with program sponsors and with academic institutions throughout the hemisphere. Their aggregate amount of direct experience in the region is a valuable knowledge base that permits LASPAU to provide targeted innovations while ensuring the effectiveness of programs. In the teaching and learning area of LASPAU’s work, new demands on universities to meet the challenges of the education marketplace must be met with updated techniques. LASPAU has addressed this need through a menu of offerings that include seminars by experts on academic and administrative leadership, assistance in the strategic development of highly effective learning environments, and wide-scale pedagogical training for faculty through an innovative learning system. In LASPAU’s traditional scholarship environment, Latin American universities and governments seek advanced training opportunities at an increased pace to meet new standards for professional and institutional accreditation. To enhance communications with scholarship grantees and increase internal efficiency, LASPAU has developed a highly informative and interactive online student portal designed specifically for exchange program participants. In the area of science and technology, governments and businesses increasingly turn to universities for the talent and research results that will help them better compete in the global economy. The Science, Technology, and Innovation Program for the Americas is a creative initiative to expand university-industry partnerships in the region by providing opportunities for researchers in science and technology from Latin American universities to engage in doctoral and postdoctoral research and studies in the United States, internships at U.S. corporations, and research collaborations. LASPAU welcomes the opportunity to put our experience and creativity to work to serve our program sponsors in new ways. We look forward to partnering with universities, science and technology institutes, corporations, foundations, and government agencies as they strive to meet the evolving challenges that face the region. Ned D. Strong Executive Director, LASPAU 5 P r o g r a m s 2 0 0 6 –2 0 0 8 T he programs developed and administered by LASPAU and generously sponsored by government agencies, universities, foundations, multilateral organizations, and corporations throughout the hemisphere make a significant difference in the lives of the participants, their home institutions, and their countries. Since 1964, over 20,000 accomplished innovators and practitioners from Latin American and Caribbean universities, NGOs, and the public and private sector have received advanced training through scholarship programs, research opportunities, workshops, and seminars developed and implemented by LASPAU. The majority of program alumni are faculty and administrators at higher education institutions throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. Others are leaders of nongovernmental organizations ranging from local outreach services for at-risk youths to global relief agencies such as Oxfam. Still others work to increase effectiveness in government ministries and private industries, benefiting their countries through their enhanced expertise in technology innovation, environmental sustainability, business development, and other arenas. Currently, LASPAU works in five primary areas: faculty development, science and technology, capacity building, leadership development, and assessment. On the following pages are brief descriptions of the programs administered by LASPAU in each of these areas from 2006 to 2008. FACULT Y DEVELOPMENT Advanced degree programs that expand the academic knowledge of university faculty and workshops that enhance their pedagogical skills have a positive influence on generations of students taught by these professors. For over forty years, LASPAU has designed and administered scholarship programs for faculty that were funded initially by the United States Agency for International Development and since 1975 by the Fulbright Academic Exchange Program, sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the United States Department of State. To foster teaching excellence, LASPAU partners with universities to develop customized programs that strengthen 6 the pedagogical skills of faculty and create more effective learning environments for students through its Iniciativa para el Desarrollo de la Innovación Académica (IDIA). Fulbright Faculty Development Program for Latin America and the Caribbean The Fulbright Faculty Development Program brings approximately 100 educators each year from Latin America and the Caribbean to the United States for advanced studies in a wide variety of disciplines. Program partners—most notably the U.S. host universities—supplement the basic grant by providing tuition assistance and other forms of complementary funding. To date, over 3,300 faculty members have obtained advanced degrees or conducted research through the program. Upon return to their home institutions, Faculty Development Program alumni have created new courses and graduate departments, enriched the curricula of existing offerings, and expanded research efforts and international collaborations. Others have gone on to become university presidents or education ministers or have founded new higher education institutions in their countries. Fulbright Partnerships for Faculty Development in Argentina Every year the Argentine Ministry of Education provides funding to the Fulbright Commission to support faculty development grants for professors from Argentina’s public universities. Additionally, the Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina partners with the Argentine Fulbright Commission by contributing financial support for its faculty members who pursue graduate degrees in the United States. Fulbright Partnerships for Faculty Development in Chile In July 2006, the Chilean Ministry of Education and the Chilean Fulbright Commission signed a formal agreement launching the five-year Fulbright–MECESUP 2 Program, Educación Terciaria para la Sociedad del Conocimiento (Higher Education for the Knowledge Society), which is designed to improve the quality and equity of Chilean higher education. The program provides scholarships for Chilean university faculty members to undertake graduate study in the United States. This agreement follows the success of the Fulbright–MECESUP 1 Program, which enabled 22 Chilean faculty members to obtain U.S. graduate degrees between 2001 and 2006. Both programs are part of a new generation of World Bank-funded efforts to contribute to global development by increasing the capacity of universities to educate and to innovate. Fulbright Partnerships for Faculty Development in Colombia The Colombian Fulbright Commission has signed agreements with Colombian universities to enable faculty members to pursue graduate degrees in the United States. The universities contribute a substantial portion of the cost of the program. Participating institutions in 2006–2008 included Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Universidad de Antioquia, Universidad de Cartagena, Universidad de los Andes, Universidad del Cauca, Universidad del Norte, Universidad del Rosario, Universidad del Valle, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá and Palmira), Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (Bucaramanga), and Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. A partnership between the Commission and the Instituto Colom­ biano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología “Francisco José de Caldas” (COLCIENCIAS) provides funding, primarily at the doctoral level, for university faculty and researchers pursuing advanced studies in fields related to science and technology. The partnership was expanded in 2005 through funding from the Colombian Department of National Planning. An agreement between the Commission and Grupo Empresarial Antioqueño, Antioquia’s premier industrial group, led to the creation of the Antioquia Faculty Grant Program in 2008. A scholarship is awarded each year to a professor from a public university in the Antioquia region to pursue graduate studies in the United States. In addition to enhancing the capacity of public universities, the program seeks to strengthen existing relationships and create new ones between the academic and scientific communities of Antioquia and the United States. Fulbright Partnerships for Faculty Development in Mexico Through the Fulbright–García Robles Program, universities in Mexico contribute to the maintenance stipend for faculty studying in the United States under the auspices of the Comisión México–Estados Unidos para el Intercambio Educativo y Cultural (COMEXUS). Participating universities in 2006–2008 included CETYS Universidad (Mexicali), Colegio de Postgraduados (Montecillo), Instituto Panamericano de Alta Dirección de Empresa, Secundaria General Federalizada, Tecnológico de Monterrey (Monterrey and Querétaro), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Universidad de Guadalajara, Universidad de las Américas (Puebla), Universidad de Sonora, Universidad Panamericana, Universidad Tecnológica de Chihuahua, and Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca. A collaboration between COMEXUS and the Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (PROMEP), the faculty development program of the Mexican Secretaría de Educación Pública, expanded the number of Fulbright Faculty Development Program grants available for professors at public universities. Approximately 20 faculty members participated in this program between 1999 and 2008. Programa Pro-Excelencia Académica Universidad de Las Américas–LASPAU Since 2006, LASPAU has assisted the Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA) in Chile in its efforts to foster institution-wide teaching excellence. In December 2007, 100 UDLA professors were trained in advanced teaching and learning theory and practice. In January 2008, 40 professors from the initial group received further training and developed strategies to replicate what they had learned among their colleagues. By November 2008, a total of 800 UDLA faculty members had been trained and were fostering effective teaching and learning throughout the institution. Participants in the Fulbright–Lehman Brothers Outstanding New Leaders in Finance Program visited the New York Stock Exchange in May 2007. Three of the participants, Luis Ignacio Gómez Moncada, María Adelaida Tamayo Jaramillo, and Judith Vanderhorst Ovalle, were LASPAU-administered Fulbright grantees. 7 competencies and help them create individual portfolios of effective teaching practices. LASPAU will also assist UNAH in the development of an ongoing faculty performance evaluation system. Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Program on Effective Teaching and Learning A seminar on effective teaching and learning was held in Cambridge in July 2008 for faculty of the Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez in Chile. Sessions included presentations by leading authorities on university teaching excellence and panels composed of directors of the teaching and learning centers at Harvard University, MIT, Brown University, and Clark University. In March 2007, Enrique Ogliastri, a professor at the INCAE Business School and the Instituto de E­ mpresas, led a session on the case method approach to teaching as a part of the Programa Séneca developed for UNITEC in ­Honduras. Programa Séneca para la Excelencia Académica LASPAU has worked with the Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) in Honduras since 2006, training 17 faculty members in effective teaching and learning and supporting their efforts to replicate the training among their colleagues. By April 2008, a model syllabus for student-centered learning was in place, nearly all of the 250 UNITEC faculty members had been trained in effective teaching techniques, and the university’s culture of excellence had been strengthened. In December 2008, a program to develop an UNITEC-wide curriculum based on competencies was begun in collaboration with the CDIO Initiative from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The Initiative researches and promotes education that provides discipline-specific fundamentals in the context of conceiving, designing, implementing, and operating real-world systems and products. Proyecto APRENDER In February 2008, LASPAU signed an agreement with the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH) to provide the university’s 3,500 professors with the Teaching and Learning Body of Knowledge (TALBOK™) self-paced online course on fostering effective teaching and learning. To further support the initiative, seminars will be held in Honduras in 2009 to assess and strengthen the professors’ pedagodical 8 Universidad Antonio Nariño Scholarship Program In 2006, LASPAU and the Universidad Antonio Nariño (UAN) in Colombia began a partnership to build research capacity within the university. This effort responds to the university’s plans to expand its scientific and technological research ties with local industry. The program provides annual scholarships for UAN faculty to study at the Ph.D. level for up to four years. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Advanced training in science and technology fosters innovative solutions to problems that affect every area of society, from health care to communications to engineering. LASPAU has administered science and technology programs that benefit Latin America and the Caribbean for much of its history. Grantees pursuing studies in these fields can be found in nearly all of the LASPAU-administered scholarship programs listed in this report. In 2006–2008, COLCIENCIAS in Colombia, FINCyT in Peru, MECESUP in Chile, and CNPq in Brazil sponsored programs that were specifically designed to expand the scientific and technological resources of their countries. Border Ozone Reduction and Air Quality Improvement Program Funded in 2001 by a grant to LASPAU from InterGen, Inc., a Bostonbased international power generation company, the Border Ozone Reduction and Air Quality Improvement Program awarded 17 grants of up to $80,000 each—including 13 that were active from 2006 to 2008—for applied research to examine effective, scientifically based, and measurable methods to reduce ozone creation and improve air quality along the border region of Imperial County, California, and Mexicali, Baja California. Among other projects, the program funded the first pollen monitoring effort in Mexicali and a study that led to the emissions inspection of municipal vehicles. The program also supported a $500,000 comprehensive threedimensional air quality study of the border region conducted by the Center for Environmental Quality of the Tecnológico de Monterrey in collaboration with Georgia Tech, Aerodyne Research, and MIT. The study provides a scien­tific base from which binational environmental policies can be improved. Programa Gerentes Innovadores COLCIENCIAS supports the further growth of an outstanding cadre of directors and managers from research and technology centers and from companies that focus on research and technology innovation. Established in 2006, the Gerentes Innovadores (Innovative Managers) Program provides opportunities for managers and executives to strengthen their skills and gain additional training in research and development, innovation, and knowledge management through internships or short courses abroad. COLCIENCIAS Science and Technology Program COLCIENCIAS leads efforts in Colombia to prepare the next generation of researchers and scientists who will form the foundation for the country’s knowledge-based economic growth. As part of this effort, LASPAU works with COLCIENCIAS to support the advanced training of Colombian professors and researchers in the natural sciences, social sciences, and engineering, who are enrolled primarily in doctoral degree programs at higher education institutions around the world. The Science and Technology Program awarded 78 grants in 2008, triple the number of awards in previous years. LASPAU and COLCIENCIAS have sought to recruit candidates from less technologically developed areas of the country to help close the innovation gap that exists between different regions of Colombia. The 2008 cohort represents 33 Colombian institutions, each of which has provided additional financial support to its faculty and researchers during their studies. FINCyT Programa de Ciencia y Tecnología The FINCyT Programa de Ciencia y Tecnología (Program for Science and Technology) of Peru awarded 20 scholarships in December 2008 for doctoral studies in areas related to science, technology, and technological innovation. The scholarship recipients are Peruvian scientists, academics, and other university and research center professionals. They will begin academic programs in 2009 at universities outside Peru and are expected to return home at the conclusion of their studies and contribute to fulfilling the goals set by the Peruvian National Strategic Plan for Science, Technology, and Innovation for Competitiveness and Human Development. Fulbright–CNPq Program The Fulbright–CNPq Program is a collaborative effort involving the Brazilian Fulbright Commission and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), the national council for scientific and technological development in Brazil. Designed to support doctoral studies for Brazilian students at universities in the United States, the program provided funding for eight grantees, who were placed in academic programs beginning in the fall of 2005. The grantees will complete their studies by the close of 2009. Fulbright–OAS Ecology Initiative Efforts to train environmentalists from Latin America and the Caribbean through LASPAU-administered programs began in 1992 with the Fulbright Amazon Basin Scholarship Program, which provided scholarships for graduate study to future environmental leaders from the Amazon region. Based on the success of this effort, a similar program was created in 1993 for environmentalists from Central America and the Caribbean. In 2001, LASPAU facilitated an agreement whereby the Fulbright Program and the Organization of American States (OAS) joined forces to create the hemisphere-wide Fulbright–OAS Ecology Initiative, which incorporated the previous programs. The final group of grantees of the Ecology Initiative completed their programs in 2008. MECESUP STIPAS Program In August 2007, LASPAU, the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), and the Programa de Mejoramiento de la Calidad y la Equidad de la Educación Superior (MECESUP) of Chile signed an agreement to establish the Science, Technology, and Innovation Program for the Americas (STIPAs). The San Diego area has a history of cooperation between universities and industry to support strategic innovation and 9 Alliance for the Arts In the early 1980s, the administration of Parsons School of Design in New York City entered into an agreement with the Altos de Chavón Cultural Center Foundation in the Dominican Republic to establish a unique educational partnership: the Altos de Chavón School of Design in La Romana, Dominican Republic. Through the partnership, over 200 students who began undergraduate studies at Altos de Chavón have completed the final two years of their programs at Parsons. The Alliance for the Arts, an initiative of the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in the Dominican Republic, provided grants to four Dominican Altos de Chavón students to complete the Bachelor of Applied Arts program at Parsons from 2004 to 2006. Mayan children at a bilingual primary school in Guatemala gathered for a photo during a visit by participants in the May 2006 Fulbright Seminar on Diversity and Access of Underrepresented Groups to Education. capacity building in the areas of biotechnology and medical science. STIPAs will assist the development of the scientific and technological infrastructure of Chile by providing opportunities for researchers from Chilean universities to engage in doctoral and postdoctoral research and training at UCSD, internships at U.S. science and technology companies, research collaborations, joint meetings and symposia, and special short-term projects. The goal of the program is for the participants to use the first-hand experience gained in San Diego to facilitate similar university–industry collaborations in Chile. CAPACIT Y BUILDING LASPAU has a thirty-year history of developing and implementing targeted programs for local, national, and regional economic sectors, beginning with the USAID Training for Development Program (1977–1986), which improved the capacity of universities to benefit the neediest sectors of the population through agricultural extension programs, health clinics, and similar services. In 2006–2008, LASPAU administered programs to expand the knowledge and skills of professionals pursuing academic degrees and non-degree training in a range of areas that will benefit their countries in the years to come. 10 FANTEL Scholarships for Higher Education The Ministry of Education of El Salvador developed the FANTEL program to support university studies for Salvadoran citizens. The program is managed jointly by the Fundación para la Educación Integral Salvadoreña (FEDISAL) of El Salvador, which administers the programs of grantees who study in El Salvador, and by LASPAU, which administers the programs of grantees who study abroad. Since the program’s inception in 2001, the grantees administered by LASPAU have undertaken undergraduate and graduate studies at universities in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Fulbright Alumni Workshop: Diversity and Access of Underrepresented Groups to Education The Fulbright Seminar on Diversity and Access of Underrepresented Groups to Higher Education, held in Guatemala in May 2006, provided the 23 participants with a comprehensive understanding of Guatemala’s approach to access for Mayan populations through lectures, panels, field visits, and discussions with indigenous Guatemalan students and faculty members. The participants, Fulbright Faculty Development Program alumni from 14 Latin American countries, had all played substantive roles in furthering initiatives to provide access to education for indigenous populations. Several of the participants were from indigenous backgrounds themselves and taught at institutions where the student body is primarily indigenous. One of the par- ticipants reported that as a result of the seminar, she was able to use technology in support of minority access by designing and teaching an online course for the Universidad Intercultural in Oaxaca, which serves the local indigenous Mixtec population. Fulbright Partnerships for Capacity Building in Argentina From 2001 to 2007, Fundación Antorchas and the Argentine Fulbright Commission collaborated to support scholarships for music performance studies at Carnegie Mellon University in the United States. A total of ten musicians completed studies through this program. Fulbright Partnerships for Capacity Building in Colombia The Colombian Fulbright Commission and Carbones de Cerrejón—a mining, exploration, production, and transport company recognized internationally for its corporate social responsibility programs—have developed a program to support professionals from the state of La Guajira, where the company is located, to pursue master’s or doctoral studies in the United States. Launched in the spring of 2008, the goal of the program is to improve educational opportunities in the state, which has a large indigenous population. In collaboration with the Colombian Ministry of Culture, the Colombian Fulbright Commission launched the Cultural Studies Program for Afro-Colombians and Indigenous Populations in February 2008. The program, which is open to Afro-Colombian and indigenous candidates in any field of study with a cultural component, provides scholarships to study at the master’s or doctoral level in the United States. The first group of five grantees was selected in September 2008 and will begin studies in 2009. The Graduate Program for the Regions, launched in February 2007, is the result of a partnership between the Colombian Fulbright Commission, the Colombian Ministry of Education, COLCIENCIAS, the Colombian Department of National Planning, and LASPAU. The program provides grants to Colombian researchers, academics, and professionals from outside the capital city of Bogotá, offering the benefits of study abroad to talented individuals who otherwise might have difficulty accessing such opportunities. Grants are awarded for master’s or doctoral study in the United States, with an emphasis on fields related to scientific or technological innovation. An agreement between the Colombian Fulbright Commission and the Grupo Empresarial Antioqueño, a consortium of over 50 leading Colombian banks and industries, has enabled 51 professionals from the private-sector companies affiliated with the group to pursue master’s degrees in the United States since 1999. Fulbright Partnerships for Capacity Building in the Dominican Republic The Fulbright Alliance for Excellence Program, an initiative of the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in the Dominican Republic, provided grants to young professionals to pursue graduate degrees in the United States in fields beneficial to the development of the Dominican Republic. The grants were funded by Dominican corporations and individual donors. Fields of study included engineering, education, public policy, and business administration. The fundraising campaign for the program took place from 2000 to 2002 and donations provided funding for 39 grants, including three grants awarded from residual funds in 2006. As a component of their program, participants in the distance-learning Master’s Degree Program in Sustainable Community Development visited the Associação dos Pequenos Agricultores do Município de Feira de Santana, an association of small farmers in Bahía, Brazil, in April 2006. 11 A memorandum of cooperation was signed in January 2008 between the governments of the United States, represented by the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in Santo Domingo, and the Dominican Republic, represented by the Secretaría de Estado de Educación Superior, Ciencia, y Tecnología (SEESCyT). Through the agreement, SEESCyT is providing funding for additional Fulbright grants to enable Dominicans to pursue master’s degrees in the United States in fields of study considered priorities for the economic and social development of the Dominican Republic. Ten grantees received awards for study beginning in the fall of 2008, and another eleven received awards for programs that will start in the fall of 2009. Fulbright Partnerships for Capacity Building in Mexico The Fulbright–García Robles Regional Competition Program, created in 2001 by the Comisión México–Estados Unidos para el Intercambio Educativo y Cultural (COMEXUS), seeks to increase participation in the Fulbright Program by highly qualified Mexicans from the less developed areas of the country. The program is open to individuals from 27 of Mexico’s 31 states (excluding Mexico City and the states of Jalisco, Mexico, Nuevo León, and Puebla). Scholarships are awarded for study at the master’s level at universities in the United States. LASPAU began collaborating with COMEXUS on this project in 2008. Fulbright Partnerships for Capacity Building in Peru In June 2008, the Asociación Antamina and the Peruvian Fulbright Commission signed an agreement to create a new Fulbright scholarship program for the northern Peruvian region of Ancash. The agreement establishes a fund that will provide up to five scholarships per year for three years to professionals from Ancash, where the Antamina Mining Company operates. The scholarships will allow the recipients to pursue master’s degrees in the United States beginning in the fall of 2009 in the priority fields of study for the program, which include business, engineering, and the environment. The Asociación Antamina is a non-profit organization that was created by the Antamina Mining Company to promote the well-being and social development of the population of the Ancash region. Fulbright Partnerships for Capacity Building in Trinidad and Tobago In 1999, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in Trinidad and Tobago inaugurated the Fulbright 2000 Program, a partnership 12 between the Fulbright Program and Trinidadian corporations. The program supports master’s degree studies in the United States for professionals working in priority fields for Trinidad and Tobago, including actuarial science, construction and civil engineering, development economics and trade, finance, geosciences, energy law, environmental planning, hospitality management, petroleum engineering, and urban planning. Corporate sponsors from 2006 to 2008 included Atlantic LNG, Bechtel, BP, Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago, Citibank, Crowne Plaza Trinidad, EOG Resources, Guardian Life, RBTT, Republic Bank, Sagicor Life Inc., and Tucker Energy. OAS Scholarship Programs The Organization of American States (OAS) supports graduate degree studies for outstanding individuals throughout the Americas and also offers grants for the final two years of undergraduate studies for grantees from the English-speaking Caribbean. All of the grants are designed to fortify the disciplines and institutions most important to building a strong future in the region. To this end, grantees pursue studies in fields related to the priority development areas of the OAS: social development and the creation of productive employment; education; economic diversification and integration, trade liberalization and market access; scientific development and exchange and transfer of technology; strengthening of democratic institutions; sustainable development of tourism; sustainable development and the environment; and culture. Since LASPAU began working with the OAS in 2002, over 1,300 grantees from all countries of the hemisphere have benefited from the programs. LEADERSHIP Nongovernmental organizations and university extension programs throughout Latin America and the Caribbean work to improve the economic and social well-being of individuals in their communities. In 2006–2008, scholarship programs sponsored by the W.K. Kellogg Foundation and the Colombian Fulbright Commission, among others, provided advanced training for social leaders whose efforts focus on alleviating poverty and addressing basic human needs. LASPAU also develops seminars, workshops, and informative site visits for academic and administrative leaders of Latin American universities through the Iniciativa para el Desarrollo de la Innovación Académica. Afro-Colombian Leadership Training Program The Afro-Colombian Leadership Training Program, launched in March 2008, is a partnership between the Fulbright Commission in Colombia, the Colombian Ministry of Education, ICETEX (the Colombian governmental agency that helps provide financial access to higher education), the United States Agency for International Development, and LASPAU. The initiative offers scholarships for Afro-Colombians to pursue master’s or doctoral studies in the United States. The awards also include support for English-language courses, standardized test preparation, and leadership training in Colombia. The skills and knowledge acquired by the grantees during their programs is expected to contribute to the development of their communities and country. demonstrated the capacity to help strengthen local development processes. The program offers up to 30 grants for graduate study outside the recipients’ home countries and two intensive leadership seminars held on the campus of Harvard University. As with the first program, academic studies and workshops focus on thematic areas critical to WKKF’s goal of implementing and disseminating models to break the cycle of poverty in the region. Eighteen grantees were selected in January 2008 to begin studies in the summer or fall of 2008 or in 2009. Sixteen of the initial group also participated in the first seminar on social leadership and multisectoral alliances on the campus of Harvard University in November 2008. A second round of grantees was selected in December 2008 to begin studies in 2009 or early 2010. Forum on Excellence: How to be a Competitive University in the 21st Century In October 2007, a one-day conference was held on the campus of the Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM) in Mexico to enable UDEM faculty and administrators to discuss student-centered learning and the use of innovative teaching methods as a means of enhancing the quality of the university. Internationally known teaching and learning experts addressed the group through videoconferences, followed by small-group work that led to the development of proposals aimed at strengthening UDEM’s competitiveness. Maestría de Desarrollo Comunitario Sustentable The Maestría de Desarrollo Comunitario Sustentable (MDCS), a distance-learning master’s degree program in sustainable development, operated from 2005 to 2007. MDCS provided training for 23 Latin American and Caribbean community leaders working in rural development and food security. Supported by a grant from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, the program was administered by LASPAU in conjunction with the Universidad Nacional of Costa Rica (UNA) and the Red Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Seguridad Alimentaria y Desarrollo Sustentable (RedLayc). In addition to the web-based academic program, the students attended an introductory workshop at UNA and participated in two extended project site visits organized by RedLayc. Leadership Fellowship Program In 2001, LASPAU received a grant from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation (WKKF) to train individuals working in nongovernmental organizations that receive funding from or have an affiliation with WKKF. Over a five-year period, 34 fellows undertook short-term, master’s, and doctoral degree programs in areas critical to WKKF’s goal of implementing and disseminating models to break the cycle of poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean. Grantees from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay pursued studies in a variety of fields, including international public service, public health, youth and human development, and sustainable development. In April 2007, the WKKF approved an additional three-year grant to LASPAU for a second program. The new initiative supports mid-career leaders from WKKF-supported NGOs and other organizations who have Programa de Liderazgo The Programa de Liderazgo for academic and administrative deans was designed by LASPAU to train leaders of Mexico’s Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas (UAT) in academic leadership, university management, and the promotion of effective cooperation among the academic, government, and private sectors. In September 2007, the Tamaulipas Leadership Gathering was held in Mexico to strengthen UAT’s ties with the government and private sector in the region. In December 2007, UAT deans and directors convened in Cambridge for the weeklong Seminar on University Leadership, which included sessions on innovation in education, organizational leadership, negotiation skills, team-building, and new techniques to improve teaching and learning. 13 Financial Position Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Academic Visit A four-day academic visit to New England in October 2007 enabled academic and administrative leaders of the Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez in Chile to gain deeper insight into current practices in effective teaching and learning. Organized by LASPAU, the event included meetings with top experts in the field and visits to the teaching and learning centers at Harvard University, Clark University, Brown University, Tufts University, and MIT. LASPAU: Academic and Professional Programs for the Americas, Inc. Statement of Activities and Change in Net Assets for the Year Ending December 31, 2007 assessment 2007 Totals 2% 9% Revenues: Scholarship Programs $8,713,654 Seminars $899,873 Testing Services $218,776 Other $106,736 Total Revenues 88% $9,939,039 Expenses: Direct Grantee Expenses $6,425,077 Program Services $2,169,603 Management and Administration $1,243,736 Total Expenses Change in Net Assets 13% 22% $9,838,416 $100,623 65% Figures are from audited actuals for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2007. 14 1% For scholarship program sponsors or university administrators, assessment of knowledge and capabilities through standardized testing serves two valuable purposes. First, it provides a transparent means of evaluating candidates for grant programs or university admission. Second, it enables institutions to assess individuals who have already been accepted into academic programs in order to place them in courses at the appropriate level. Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Postgrado (PAEP) Since 1994, LASPAU has used the PAEP—a standardized graduate admissions exam in Spanish—as a part of the grantee selection process on behalf of program sponsors. LASPAU also offers the PAEP to higher education institutions as a component of its efforts to strengthen higher education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The exam measures academic ability, cognitive skills, and academic performance, providing a tool for evaluating a candidate’s suitability for graduate study and for determining an appropriate course of study for students who have already been admitted to graduate programs. The PAEP was developed in 1992 by the Tecnológico de Monterrey (the Tec) in Mexico with assistance from the College Board. The Tec offers the PAEP to Mexican universities, and LASPAU is authorized to offer it to higher education institutions and scholarship sponsors outside Mexico. From 2006 to 2008, LASPAU provided the PAEP to 18 program sponsors and Latin American universities who gave the test to 10,568 graduate program and scholarship applicants. Pa r t i c i pat i n g I n s t i t u t i o n s 19 6 4 –2 0 0 8 Antigua and Barbuda Environmental Awareness Group, The Ministry of Education, Culture and Technology Argentina Asociación Conciencia Centro de Estudios de Estado y Sociedad (CEDES) Dirección General Impositiva Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO Argentina) Fundación Juancho Reale Gobierno de la Provincia de San Luis IAE Business School Instituto Balseiro Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales (IDAES) Instituto de Formación Docente Contínua N° 4 “Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz” Instituto de Investigaciones Geohistóricas Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP) Instituto Sabato Instituto Superior de Formación Docente N° 4031 “Fray Francisco de Paula Castañeda” Instituto Superior de Formación Docente N° 56 U Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires Memoria Abierta Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” Repsol YPF Universidad Austral Universidad Católica Argentina Universidad Católica de Salta Universidad de Belgrano Universidad de Buenos Aires Universidad de Morón Universidad de Palermo Universidad de San Andrés Universidad del Salvador Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Universidad Nacional de San Martín Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento Universidad Nacional de Jujuy Universidad Nacional de La Pampa Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Universidad Nacional de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Rioja Universidad Nacional de Luján Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Universidad Nacional de Misiones Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Universidad Nacional de Rosario Universidad Nacional de Salta Universidad Nacional de San Juan Universidad Nacional de San Luis Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires Universidad Nacional del Comahue Universidad Nacional del Nordeste Universidad Nacional del Sur Universidad Torcuato Di Tella Australia James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of New England Austria Universität Innsbruck Bahamas Bahamas National Trust College of The Bahamas, The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Ministry of Education Bangladesh Belize Asia Foundation, The Pathfinder International Agriculture and Natural Resources Institute Belize Audubon Society Belize Youth Conservation Corps Birds Without Borders–Aves Sin Fronteras Citrus Growers Association Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute Corozal Junior College Ministry of Education Ministry of Finance Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment Muffles Junior College St. John’s College Stann Creek Ecumenical Junior College University of Belize Barbados Almond Resorts Atlantis Submarines Barbados Barbados Community College Barbados Department of Archives Coastal Zone Management Unit of Barbados Erdiston Teachers’ College Government Analytical Services Laboratory Ministry of Energy and the Environment Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs Ministry of Housing and Lands National Housing Corporation St. Michael School Samuel Jackman Prescod Polytechnic University of the West Indies at Cave Hill Belgium Centrum Voor Landbouwkundig Onderzoek Ghent University Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Université Catholique de Louvain Université de Liège Vrije Universiteit Brussel niversities, research centers, nongovernmental organizations, corporations, and government agencies around the world have been the mainstay of programs administered by LASPAU since 1964. The list of participating institutions in this report of activities includes all of the institutions that have hosted or sponsored program grantees over the past 45 years. Host universities play a crucial role in assisting grantees to obtain the advanced knowledge and skills they need to contribute to the development of their home institutions and countries. Host institutions also support exchange programs through financial contributions such as fellowships or tuition assistance. Many grantees have home institutions that encourage and support exchange activities by offering stipends or other financial assistance to program participants during their time abroad. Home institutions also provide positions for participants upon their return, enabling them to share the benefits of their educational experiences with students, colleagues, and constituents. From 1964 to 2008, nearly 13,300 individuals from 34 countries in the Americas participated in LASPAUadministered academic exchange programs. These grantees were hosted by universities in Argentina, Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, France, Germany, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Bolivia Centro de Estudios en Biología Teórica y Aplicada (BIOTA) Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Andinos Centro de Investigaciones Sociales Eklan SRL Escuela Militar de Ingeniería Escuela Normal Superior Católica de Cochabamba Fondo Nacional para el Medio Ambiente Fundación Amigos de la Naturaleza Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Hospital de Clínicas Universitario La Paz Instituto de Ecología Instituto Normal Superior Simón Bolívar Instituto Superior de Educación Liga de Defensa del Medio Ambiente (LIDEMA) Ministerio de Comercio Exterior e Inversión Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Politek Programa Integral Amazonia Sostenible (PIAS) Proyecto de Manejo Forestal Sostenible (BOLFOR II) Secretaría Nacional del Medio Ambiente Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaría Servicios Múltiples de Apoyo al Desarrollo Sociedad Boliviana de Ecología Superintendencia Forestal Unidad de Análisis de Políticas Económicas United States Agency for International Development (USAID–Bolivia) Universidad Amazónica de Pando Universidad Andina Simón Bolivar Universidad Autónoma “Gabriel René Moreno” Universidad Autónoma “Juan Misael Saracho” Universidad Autónoma “Tomás Frías de Potosí” Universidad Católica Boliviana Universidad de Aquino Bolivia Universidad de la Cordillera Universidad Loyola Universidad Mayor de San Andrés Universidad Mayor de San Simón Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca Universidad Nacional “Siglo XX” Universidad Nuestra Señora de La Paz Universidad Nur Universidad Pedagógica “Mariscal Sucre” Universidad Privada Boliviana Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra Universidad Privada del Valle Universidad Privada Domingo Savio Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo Universidad San Fransisco de Asis Universidad Santo Tomás Universidad Técnica de Oruro Universidad Técnica del Beni “Marisal José Ballivián” Universidad Técnica Privada Cosmos Universidad Técnica Privada de Santa Cruz Brazil Associação de Comunicação Educativa Roquette Pinto (ACERP) Associação de Universidades Amazônicas (UNAMAZ) Associação Mico-Leão-Dourado Banco Central do Brazil Binational Centers of Brazil —Associação Alumni, São Paulo —Associação Brasil–América (ABA), Recife —Associação Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Salvador —Casa Thomas Jefferson, Brasília —Centro Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Belém —Centro Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Goiânia —Centro Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Santos —Instituto Brasil–Estados Unidos no Ceará, Fortaleza —Instituto Brasil–Estados Unidos, Rio de Janeiro —Instituto Brasil–Estados Unidos, Santa Catarina —Instituto Cultural Brasileiro NorteAmericano, Porto Alegre —Instituto Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Belo Horizonte —Instituto Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Londrina 15 —Instituto Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, Manaus —Inter Americano de Curitiba —União Cultural Brasil–Estados Unidos, São Paulo Câmara dos Deputados Câmara Municipal de Sertaozinho Casa de Cultura Mário Quintana Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Centro Cultural Brasil USA–Campinas Centro de Defesa dos Direitos Humanos e Educação Popular do Acre Centro de Ensino Unificado Centro de Estudos Afro-Asiáticos Centro de Estudos Ecológicos do Pinkaití Centro de Línguas Estrangeiras Modernas Centro de Pesquisas e Estudos Científicos e Sociais (CePECS) Centro dos Trabalhadores da Amazônia Centro Ecológico Centro Federal De Educação Tecnológica do Rio Grande do Norte Centro Técnico Aerospacial Centro Universitario Senac CETESP Companhia de Água e Esgoto do Ceará (CAGECE) Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arequeológico, Artístico e Turístico do Estado de São Paulo (CONDEPHAAT) Conselho Indígena de Roraima Conselho Nacional Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Conselho Nacional dos Seringueiros Conservation International do Brazil Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Escola Municipal de Iniciação Artística Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP) Escola Superior da Propaganda e Marketing Escola Superior de Agricultura de Lavras Faculdade de Engenharia de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA) Faculdades e Centro Tecnológico Oswaldo Cruz Federação das Associações de Municípios do Rio Grande do Sul (FAMURS) Federação das Indústrias do Estado do Ceará (FIEC) Fundação Armando Alvares Penteado (FAAP) Fundação Biblioteca Nacional Fundação Bienal de São Paulo Fundação Brasileira de Teatro Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa Fundação Catarinense de Cultura Fundação Clóvis Salgado Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal Fundação de Ensino e Tecnologia de Alfenas Fundaçao de Tecnologia do Estado do Acre (FUNTAC) Fundaçao Educacional do Distrito Federal Fundação Educacional e Cultural para o Desenvolvimento e o Aperfeiçoamento da Educação e da Cultura (FUNDAE) 16 Fundação Energia e Saneamento Fundaçao Escola de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo (FESPSP) Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente (FEAM) Fundação Getulio Vargas Fundação Joaquim Nabuco Fundaçâo Nacional de Arte Fundaçao Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA) Fundaçao Nacional do Índio (FUNAI) Fundação Nacional Pró-Memória Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) Fundação Padre Anchieta (TV Cultura) Fundação Teatro Guaíra Fundação Vitória Amazônica (FVA) Governo do Estado de São Paulo Grupo de Pesquisa e Extensão em Sistemas Agroflorestais do Acre (Pesacre) Grupo de Trabalho Amazônico (GTA) Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) Instituto Brasileiro do Patrimônio Cultural Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM) Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Instituto de Planejamento Urbano de Natal (IPLANAT) Instituto de Pre-Historia, Antropologia e Ecologia (IPHAE) Instituto do Homem e Meio Ambiente da Amazônia (Imazon) Instituto do Meio Ambiente do Acre (IMAC) Instituto Euvaldo Lodi (IEL) Instituto Latino Americano das Nações Unidas para Prevenção do Delito e Tratamento do Delinquente (ILANUD) Instituto Municipal de Arte e Cultura (Rioarte) Instituto Nacional Colonização e Reforma Agrária Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Instituto Papai Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie Instituto Pró-Sustentabilidade Instituto Recifes Costeiros (IRCOS) Instituto Universitário de Pesquisas do Rio de Janeiro (IUPERJ) Ministério das Relações Exteriores Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro Museu de Arte Sacra de São João del Rei Museu Imperial Museu Integrado de Roraima Museu Nacional de Belas Artes Museu Naval e Oceanográfico Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Parque Nacional da Tijuca Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo Pinkaití Research Station Poder Judiciário de Pernambuco Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro Prefeitura Municipal de Joinville Prefeitura Municipal de Ouro Preto Prefeitura Municipal de Rio Branco Prefeitura Municipal de Santa Teresa Prefeitura Municipal de Sao Paulo Programa Waimiri Atroari Projeart Proplan Engenharía, Ltda. Radio Cultura FM Secretaria de Assuntos Estratégicos da Presidência da República Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Agrário do Acre Secretaria de Estado da Cultura do Paraná Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente Secretaria de Estado do Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Secretaria do Planejamento do Estado da Bahia (SEPLAN) Secretaria Estadual de Educaçao e Cultura Secretaria Municipal de Educação da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro Secretaria Municipal de Educaçao de Pernambuco Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São José dos Campos Secretaria Municipal para Assuntos da Comunidade Negra Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial (Senac) Sociedade Brasileira de Direito Público Sociedade de Defesa do Pantanal Tecminas Engenharia United Nations Children’s Fund–Brazil Universidade Candido Mendes Universidade Católica de Goiás Universidade Católica de Pernambuco Universidade Católica do Salvador Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco Universidade de Brasília Universidade de Caxias do Sul Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes Universidade de Passo Fundo Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul Universidade de São Paulo Universidade de Taubaté Universidade do Estado da Bahia Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Universidade do Sagrado Coração Universidade do Vale do Itajaí Universidade do Vale do Paraíba Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) Universidáde Estadual de Feira de Santana Universidade Estadual de Londrina Universidade Estadual de Maringá Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Federal da Bahia Universidade Federal da Paraíba Universidade Federal de Alagoas Universidade Federal de Campina Grande Universidade Federal de Goiás Universidade Federal de Itajubá Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal de Pelotas Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Universidade Federal de Roraima Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de São Carlos Universidade Federal de Sergipe Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Universidade Federal de Viçosa Universidade Federal do Acre Universidade Federal do Amapá Universidade Federal do Amazonas Universidade Federal do Ceará Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Universidade Federal do Maranhão Universidade Federal do Ouro Preto Universidade Federal do Pará Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade Federal do Piauí Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Universidade Federal Fluminense Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Universidade Luterana do Brasil Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Visão Mundial Viva Rio Zero Hora Cameroon Ministry of Public Health Canada Acadia University Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre Brock University Capilano College Carleton University City University of Seattle, Vancouver Concordia University Dalhousie University École Nationale d’Administration Publique École Polytechnique de Montréal Ecotrust Canada George Brown College HEC Montréal Humber College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) Lester B. Pearson College of the Pacific McGill University McMaster University Montreal General Hospital Mount Allison University National Energy Board NSCAD University Queen’s University Red River College of Applied Arts, Science and Technology Robarts Research Institute Ryerson University Saint Mary’s University Sierra Youth Coalition Sir Sandford Fleming College Université de Montréal Université de Sherbrooke Université du Québec —Chicoutimi —Montréal —Québec —Rimouski —Trois-Rivières Université Laval University of Alberta University of British Columbia University of Calgary University of Guelph University of Manitoba University of New Brunswick University of Ottawa University of Prince Edward Island University of Saskatchewan University of Toronto University of Victoria University of Waterloo University of Western Ontario University of Windsor Vancouver Island University Wilfrid Laurier University York University Chile Acción Emprendedora Arze, Reciné y Asociados Ingenieros Consultores, Ltda. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de la Educación (CIDE) Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género Comisión Nacional del Medio Ambiente Compañía Minera El Indio Consejo de Defensa del Estado Corporación de Estudios y Desarrollo Norte Grande Fundación Nacional para la Superación de la Pobreza Fundación Senda Darwin Instituto Latinoamericano de Doctrina y Estudios Sociales Instituto Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Planificación Económica y Social (ILPES) Ministerio de Educación Ministerio de Obras Públicas Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso Recursos e Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable Servicio Nacional de Menores Servicio País Subsecretaría de Pesca Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Universidad Adventista de Chile Universidad Alberto Hurtado Universidad Arte y Ciencias Sociales (ARCIS) Universidad Arturo Prat Universidad Austral de Chile Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción Universidad Católica de Temuco Universidad Católica del Maule Universidad Católica del Norte —Antofagasta —Coqimbo Universidad de Antofagasta Universidad de Atacama Universidad de Chile Universidad de Concepción —Concepción —Chillán Universidad de La Frontera Universidad de La Serena Universidad de Los Lagos Universidad de Magallanes Universidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educación Universidad de Santiago de Chile Universidad de Talca Universidad de Tarapacá Universidad de Valparaíso Universidad del Bío-Bío Universidad del Norte Universidad Diego Portales Universidad Mayor de Chile Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Colombia Almacenes Exito S.A. Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados (ACNUR) ARIANA, Ltda. Asociación Calidris Asociación de Profesionales en Ecología Asociación de Trabajo Interdisciplinario Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Colombia (ANDI) Asociación Red Colombiana de Reservas Naturales de la Sociedad Civil Banco de Bogotá Banco de Occidente C.I. Vikingos de Colombia S.A. Casa de Amor y Caridad Cementos Boyacá S.A. Central Hidroeléctrica de Caldas S.A. Centro Colombo Americano de Barranquilla Centro de Apoyo de la Tecnología Informática (CATI) Centro de Investigación de la Caña de Azúcar de Colombia (CENICAÑA) Centro de Investigación en Palma de Aceite (Cenipalma) Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM) Centro Internacional de Física Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café (CENICAFE) Centro para el Desarrollo y Rehabilitación Integral Colcafé S.A. COLCORP S.A. Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario Colorquímica S.A. Compañía de Cemento Argos S.A. Compañía de Estudios e Interventorías Compañía de Galletas Noel S.A. Compañía Nacional de Chocolates S.A. Compañía Promotora del Café S.A. (CORFICAFE) Conservación Internacional Colombia Contraloría General de la República Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca Corporación Autónoma Regional del Atlántico (CRA) Corporación Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauca Corporación Centro de Investigación de la Acuicultura de Colombia Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (CORPOICA) Corporación Financiera Nacional y Suramericana S.A. (Corfinsura) Corporación Fondo de Apoyo de Empresas Asociativas (Corfas) Corporación Geológica Ares Corporación Maloca Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina (CORALINA) Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas Corporación Universitaria de Ibagué Departamento Nacional de Planeación Dow Química de Colombia S.A. Dulces de Colombia S.A. Ecopetrol S.A. Empresas Públicas de Medellín Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia (EIA) Escuela Superior de Administración Pública (ESAP) Fiducolombia S.A. Fomento Económico y Competitividad Fundación Caipora Fundación CIPAV Fundación Ecósfera Fundación Erigaie Fundación Natura Colombia Fundación Nuevo Marymount Fundación Pro-Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Fundación Puerto Rastrojo Fundación Terra Firme Fundación Universidad del Norte Fundación Universitaria América Fundación Universitaria de Popayán Geografía Satelital S.A. (GeoSAT) GERS Consulting Engineers, Ltda. Grupo Bancolombia Hidrotec Limitada Ingenieros Consultores HMV Ingenieros Ltda. INDUPALMA LTDA. Industria de Alimentos Zenú S.A. Informática del Tolima Ingeniería y Geotecnia Ltda. Ingeominas: Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería INGETEC S.A. 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Little School of Management Babson College Bentley College Berklee College of Music Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston College Boston Conservatory, The Boston Medical Center Boston University Brandeis University Bunker Hill Community College Cambridge College Caritas St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center Children’s Hospital Boston Clark University College of the Holy Cross Emerson College Hampshire College Harvard University Hult International Business School Joslin Diabetes Center Lesley University Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Longy School of Music Massachusetts College of Art Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Massachusetts General Hospital Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Maritime Academy Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology Mount Holyoke College New England College of Optometry New England Conservatory Newbury College Northeast Document Conservation Center Northeastern University School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Simmons College Smith College Springfield College Suffolk University Tufts University University of Massachusetts —Amherst —Boston —Dartmouth —Jamaica Plain —Lowell —Medical School Wentworth Institute of Technology Wheelock College Williams College Williamstown Art Conservation Center Worcester Polytechnic Institute Youville Hospital and Rehabilitation Center Lindenwood University Maryville University Northwest Missouri State University Saint Louis University Southeast Missouri State University University of Missouri —Columbia —Kansas City —Rolla —St. Louis Washington University in St. Louis Webster University Michigan Andrews University Central Michigan University Eastern Michigan University Ferris State University Hope College Kalamazoo College Michigan State University Michigan Technological University Northern Michigan University Oakland University University of Detroit Mercy University of Michigan —Ann Arbor —Dearborn Wayne State University Western Michigan University New Jersey Caldwell College College of New Jersey, The Drew University Fairleigh Dickinson University Monmouth University Montclair State University New Jersey City University New Jersey Institute of Technology Princeton University Rider University Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey —New Brunswick/Piscataway —Newark Saint Clare’s Hospital/Denville Seton Hall University Stevens Institute of Technology Thomas Edison State College Minnesota Capella University Carleton College Hamline University Macalester College Mayo Medical School Minnesota State University, Mankato Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota University of Minnesota Mississippi Jackson State University Mississippi State University Mississippi University for Women University of Mississippi University of Southern Mississippi Missouri Central Missouri State University Montana Montana State University University of Montana —Missoula —Montana Tech Nebraska Bemis Center for Contemporary Arts Creighton University University of Nebraska —Lincoln —Omaha Nevada University of Nevada, Reno New Hampshire Dartmouth College Franklin Pierce Law Center Southern New Hampshire University University of New Hampshire New Mexico Armand Hammer United World College of the American West New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology New Mexico State University University of New Mexico New York Aaron Copland School of Music Adelphi University Alfred University American Mime Theater, The Animal Medical Center Art Students League of New York Barnard College Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Brooklyn Museum of Art Canisius College City University of New York —Baruch College —Brooklyn College —City College —Graduate Center, The —Hunter College —John Jay College of Criminal Justice —Lehman College —Queens College —School of Law Clarkson University Columbia University Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, The Cornell University Dieu Donné Eastman School of Music Farmingdale State College Fordham University George Eastman House Hamilton College Hofstra University Hospital for Special Surgery International Center of Photography Juilliard School, The Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute, The Long Island College Hospital Long Island Jewish Medical Center Long Island University —Brooklyn —C.W. Post Manhattan College Manhattan School of Music Manhattanville College Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Monroe College Museum of Modern Art New Museum New School, The —Mannes College of Music —Parsons School of Design New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, The New York Institute of Technology —Central Islip —Old Westbury New York Medical College New York Public Library, The New York State Historic Preservation Office New York University New York–Presbyterian Hospital Pace University Polytechnic University Pratt Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Rochester Institute of Technology Rockefeller University, The St. John’s University St. Luke’s–Roosevelt Hospital Center School of Visual Arts Skidmore College Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum 21 State University of New York —Alfred State College —Binghamton University —Buffalo State College —College at Cortland —College of Environmental Science & Forestry —College at Geneseo —College at Old Westbury —Fredonia —Maritime College —Old Westbury —Plattsburgh State —Purchase College —Rockland Community College —Stony Brook University —University at Albany —University at Buffalo Syracuse University Teachers College, Columbia University Technical Career Institutes New York–Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center Union College University of Rochester Vassar College Wagner College Whitney Museum of American Art Yeshiva University North Carolina Central Piedmont Community College Davidson College Duke University East Carolina University Guilford College North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University North Carolina State University University of North Carolina —Chapel Hill —Charlotte —Greensboro —Wilmington Wake Forest University Western Carolina University North Dakota North Dakota State University University of North Dakota Ohio Ashland University Baldwin-Wallace College Bowling Green State University Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Institute of Music Cleveland State University Denison University Franklin University Kent State University Kenyon College Miami University Mount Union College Oberlin College Ohio State University Ohio University 22 Ohio Wesleyan University Recording Workshop Union Institute & University University of Akron, The University of Cincinnati University of Dayton University of Findlay, The University of Toledo, The Wittenberg University Xavier University Oklahoma Cameron University Northern Oklahoma College Oklahoma City University Oklahoma State University —Institute of Technology —Stillwater Oklahoma Wesleyan College University of Central Oklahoma University of Oklahoma —Health Sciences Center —Norman University of Tulsa Oregon Lewis & Clark College Linfield College Oregon Health & Science University Oregon State University Portland State University University of Oregon Pennsylvania Academy of Vocal Arts Allegheny College Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania Bryn Mawr College Bucknell University Carnegie Mellon University Chatham College Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, The Curtis Institute of Music Drexel University Duquesne University Fox Chase Cancer Center Hahnemann University Hospital Haverford College Holy Family University Indiana University of Pennsylvania La Salle University Lafayette College Lehigh University Misericordia University Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts Pennsylvania State University, The Philadelphia University Saint Luke’s Hospital–Bethlehem Saint Joseph’s University Swarthmore College Temple University Penn Medicine at Rittenhouse Thomas Jefferson University University of Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh University of Scranton University of the Arts, The Villanova University Washington and Jefferson College West Chester University of Pennsylvania Wilkes University Wills Eye Rhode Island Brown University Bryant University Johnson & Wales University New England Institute of Technology Rhode Island School of Design University of Rhode Island South Carolina Clemson University Horry-Georgetown Technical College Medical University of South Carolina University of South Carolina South Dakota South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Tennessee East Tennessee State University Middle Tennessee State University Pellissippi State Technical Community College Tennessee Technological University Tennessee Wesleyan College University of Memphis University of Tennessee —Chattanooga —Knoxville —Martin Vanderbilt University Texas Baylor College of Medicine Baylor University Houston Eye Associates Huston-Tillotson University Lamar University Midwestern State University North Texas Spine Care Orthopedic Center–Dallas Rice University St. Edward’s University Sam Houston State University San Antonio Orthopedic Group Southern Methodist University Texas A & M University —Baylor College of Dentistry —Corpus Christi —Kingsville Texas Christian University Texas Tech University Texas Woman’s University University of Dallas University of Houston —Houston —Clear Lake University of North Texas University of St. Thomas–Houston University of Texas —Arlington —Austin —Dallas —El Paso —Health Science Center at Houston —Medical Branch at Galveston —San Antonio —Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Utah Brigham Young University Snow College University of Utah Utah State University Vermont Middlebury College New England Culinary Institute Saint Michael’s College University of Vermont Vermont Law School Virginia Christopher Newport University College of William and Mary Eastern Virginia Medical School George Mason University Lynchburg College Marymount University Norfolk State University Northern Virginia Community College Old Dominion University Radford University Regent University University of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Washington Central Washington University Evergreen State College, The Gonzaga University University of Washington Washington State University Whitman College West Virginia Marshall University University of Charleston West Virginia University Wisconsin Alverno College Beloit College Edgewood College Marquette University Medical College of Wisconsin University of Wisconsin —Eau Claire —Madison —Milwaukee —Stout Wyoming University of Wyoming U.S. Territories Puerto Rico Carlos Albizu University, San Juan Conservatorio de Música de Puerto Rico Universidad de Puerto Rico —Mayagüez —Rio Piedras —San Juan Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands University of the Virgin Islands, St Thomas Uruguay Administración Nacional de Educación Publica Centro de Investigaciones Económicas Centro Latinoamericano de Economía Humana (CLAEH) Consejo de Educación Secundaria Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA) Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo (IDES) Ministerio de Educación y Cultura Universidad Católica del Uruguay Universidad de la República Universidad de Montevideo Universidad ORT Uruguay Venezuela Aquamarina de la Costa, C.A. Asociación Civil Orinoquia Consejo Nacional de la Cultural (CONAC) EcoNatura Escuela Bella Vista Escuela Superior de Arte “Neptalí Rincón” Fondo de Inversiones de Venezuela (FIV) Fundación CENAMEC Fundación Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho Fundación Instituto de Ingeniería Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Margarita Fundación Orquesta Sinfónica del Estado Mérida Fundación Tecnológica de Seguridad Integral (FUNSEIN) Galería de Arte Nacional Hospital de Niños “J. M. de los Rios” Hospital General del Oeste “Dr. José Gregorio Hernández” Hospital Ortopédico Infantil Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Caracas Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración (IESA) Instituto de Oceanografía Instituto Nacional de Canalizaciones Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA) Instituto Nacional de Parques Instituto Pedagógico de Barquisimeto Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas Instituto Pedagógico de Maracay Instituto Pedagógico de Maturín Instituto Universitario de Mercadotecnia (ISUM) Instituto Universitario de Tecnología “Antonio José de Sucre” Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Bomberil Instituto Universitario de Tecnología de Cumaná (IUTC) Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Región Capital “Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio” Instituto Universitario Experimental de Tecnología “Andrés Eloy Blanco” Instituto Universitario Politécnico (Barquisimeto) Instituto Universitario Politécnico “Santiago Mariño”, Caracas Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC) Instituto Venezolano de Planificación (IVEPLAN) INTEVEP, S.A. Ministerio del Poder Popular del Despacho de la Presidencia Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Ambiente Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Agricultura y Tierras Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Defensa de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Educación Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Infraestructura Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud Orquesta Sinfónica de Lara Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PDVSA) Petroquímica de Venezuela, S.A. (PEQUIVEN) Proyectos y Construcciones CITRON, C.A. Siderúrgica Venezolana SIVENSA S.A. Sociedad Venezolana de Urología Universidad Católica Andrés Bello Universidad Central de Venezuela Universidad Centroccidental “Lisandro Alvarado” Universidad de Carabobo Universidad de Los Andes —Anzoátegui —Bolívar —Mérida —Monagas —Tachira —Trujillo Universidad de Oriente —Nueva Esparta —Sucre Universidad del Zulia Universidad Dr. Rafael Belloso Chacín Universidad Metropolitana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de los Llanos Occidentales “Ezequiel Zamora” Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador Universidad Santa María Universidad Simón Bolívar Universidad Tecnológica del Centro Zimbabwe Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council (ZNFPC) Staff as of December 31, 2008 Executive Office Program Office Executive Director: Ned D. Strong Executive Assistant: Alina Salgado Associate Director for Programs: Craig Hastings Program and Development Officer: Sandhya Klein Program Assistants: Emilia Domínguez, Amy Dorrien, Andrew Miller, Lindsey Nicholson, Kate Rettstadt, Carlos Solorzano Human Resources Department Coordinator and Human Resources Administrator: Jocelyn Sierra Finance and Human Resources Assistant: Michael Picone Information Technology Manager of Computer Operations: Ellen Kranzer Communications and Marketing Associate Director for Communications and Marketing: Elizabeth Langosy Senior Program Officer for Communications and Development: Judith Adler Publications Publications Coordinator: Carrie Barbash Publications Assistant: Liz Mackie Professional Development Programs Program and Development Specialist: Angélica Natera Project Officer: Sara Hope Program and Development Assistant: Kate Koehler Testing Services Communications and Testing Assistant: Kim Conant Finance Office Associate Director for Finance: Rodrigo DelaTorre Accounting Associate: Octavio Sierra Accounting Assistants: Mary Anne McDonald, Sara Wendell Advising Services Manager of Advising Services: Lisa Mallozzi Tapiero Program Advisors: Louisa Stein, Derek Tavares, Sonia Wallenberg Program Advisor and SEVIS Coordinator: Renee Hahn Burke Interim Program Advisor: Paulina Savage Placement Services Manager of Placement Services: Ryan Keane Program Coordinators: Gaelle Brachet-Barro, María Fernanda López-Jacoiste Ortíz, Megan Murphy, Amy Whitish, Mary Helen Ybarra Johnson Fellows Research Associate: Leonardo Vivas Teaching and Learning Fellow: Tatiana Soto Tec de Monterrey Representatives at LASPAU: María Fernanda González Special thanks to volunteers, student interns, and others who have helped LASPAU over the past three years: Gaelle Abraham, Anna Ambrozy, Sandra Aponte, Cazneen Benjamin, Ealeen Ceballos, Emmy Ceballos, Farah D’Haiti, Katherine Hart, Suk Young Kang, Khetsun Lokyitsang, Hussnia Omer, Gabriella Peña, Jerry Vibrun Report of Activities staff Editor: Carrie Barbash Associate Director for Communications and Marketing: Elizabeth Langosy Senior Program Officer for Communications and Development: Judith Adler Design and Production: Sheila Walsh Editorial Assistance: Suk Young Kang This report was printed by Universal Millennium, a Forest Stewardship Council-approved print provider, on Green Seal-certified recycled paper. 23 L ASPAU Academic and Professional Programs for the Americas 25 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138-6095 USA www.laspau.harvard.edu