KENYON COLLEGE HISTORY 121 Spring 2010 LATIN AMERICA SINCE 1800 Instructor: Steven Hyland Office: Seitz 2 Tel: 427-5327 hylands@kenyon.edu Office hours: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 11am-12pm, or by appointment. DESCRIPTION History 121 is an introductory survey of Latin American history from the independence movements (beginning circa 1800) to the present day that assumes no previous study of the region. The course will examine the evolution of Latin American states and societies through three interrelated dimensions of world history. Firstly, the character of nation-states and how to organize political life is a central and persistent feature of modern Latin American history. As a result, we will examine the competitions over constitutions and parliament, democracy, oligarchy and authoritarianism, rights for men and women, nationalism, imperialism and the role of the military. Secondly, the rise of global capitalism had a direct and transformative impact on Latin American societies. The class will look at the roles of both government and private citizens and the interactions of working people with managers. Furthermore, we will scrutinize the relations between the social classes, between men and women at work, in the public sphere and in the family, and between rural and urban dwellers. These interactions were complicated with far-reaching consequences. Thirdly, the course will examine the conflict among nations and the contentious and evolving relations among Latin American nations, as well as with western European powers and the United States. Our goal is to convey some basic factual knowledge about Latin American societies during this period and to provide an interpretive framework for understanding the historical changes taking place. The class will meet Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays in Hayes Hall 109 from 2:10pm to 3pm. TEXTS Fuentes, Carlos, The Death of Artemio Cruz (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009 [original Spanish publication 1962]) (ISBN – 0-374-53180-3) Grandin, Greg, The Blood of Guatemala: A History of Race and Nation (Durham, NC : Duke University Press, 2000) (ISBN – 0-205-52050-2) Guy, Donna J., Sex and Danger in Buenos Aires: Prostitution, Family, and Nation in Argentina (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1991) (ISBN – 0-803-27048-8) Partnoy, Alicia, The Little School: Tales of Disappearance and Survival in Argentina, 2nd Edition (San Francisco: Cleis Press, 1998). (ISBN – 1-573-44029-9) Pérez, Louis A., Cuba: Between Reform and Revolution (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006) (ISBN – 0-195-17912-9) Tuck, Lily, The News from Paraguay (New York: Harper Perennial, 2004) (ISBN – 0-060-93486-7) 2 Primary Documents and Articles located on the Moodle course site. The assigned books are available at the Kenyon College Bookstore. In addition, the books are on twohour reserve at the Olin Library. GRADING POLICY A+: 96 and above; A: 93-95; A-: 90-92; B+: 87-89; B: 84-86; B-: 81-83; C+: 78-80; C: 75-77; C-: 72-74; D+: 69-71; D: 66-68; D-: 63-65; F: below 62 GRADED ASSIGNMENTS Attendance and Class Participation Map Quiz Film Quizzes (2 @ 2.5% each) The News from Paraguay Paper Midterm Examination Sex and Danger in Buenos Aires Paper The Death of Artemio Cruz Paper The Little School Paper Final Examination 10.0% 2.0% 5.0% 12.0% 15.0% 12.0% 12.0% 12.0% 20.0% Any students unable to appear on the examination dates must present a written excuse and receive clearance from the course instructor before the scheduled examination date. Without such clearance, a student cannot expect to take a make-up examination. Make-up exams may be either written or oral, and they must be taken during one of the department's scheduled dates. The Final Examination will be a take home exam. FILM QUIZZES There will be two short quizzes on the films El Otro Francisco and Los Olvidados. These films will be placed on reserve at the Olin Audio-Visual Center and will be viewed at the student’s convenience. The dates of the film quizzes are provided below. The quizzes will be taken on the Moodle course webpage. ATTENDANCE POLICY AND CLASS PARTICIPATION Attendance is mandatory and accounts for ten percent of the course grade. Students are permitted one unexcused absence without penalty. Every additional unexcused absence will cause the student to lose two percentage points. Participating in class discussions is strongly encouraged. We will discuss many controversial issues, such as violent political movements, military dictatorships, illegal immigration and narcotrafficking. As such, students are obliged to complete the assigned readings prior to class meetings and come prepared to contribute to in-class debates. I reserve the right to conduct pop quizzes and assign additional short writing assignments relevant to course discussions and assigned readings. Any additional assignments will be folded in to the class participation grade, which accounts for ten percent of the final grade. 3 CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR The interactive nature of this course requires that all participants, at all times, conduct themselves with the proper decorum appropriate to an academic setting. Personal affronts, insults and shouting will not be tolerated. HONOR CODE In order to ensure academic integrity Kenyon College has established an Honor Code. The Honor Code of Kenyon College prohibits all forms of academic dishonesty, which include cheating and plagiarism. In accordance with the policy of Kenyon College any breach of the Code will be immediately reported to the Academic Infractions Board. Please carefully consult the 2009-2010 Course of Study guidelines regarding plagiarism and academic dishonesty. The instructor will clarify any concern students may have on these issues. Students will sign an agreement that expresses their acceptance of this policy DISABILITY SERVICES Students with disabilities that have registered and received certification by the Office for Disability Services will be appropriately accommodated, and should inform the instructor as soon as possible of their needs. The Office for Disability Services is located in the Old Bank Building; telephone 740-4275453. For further information, please consult http://www.kenyon.edu/x24732.xml. ENROLLMENT All students must be officially enrolled in the course by the end of the seventh day of the semester (January 26). No requests to add the course will be approved by the Instructor after that time. Enrolling officially and on time is solely the responsibility of the student. CLASS SCHEDULE UNIT 1: INDEPENDENCE AND BUILDING THE NATION-STATE, 1800-1880 January 18, 20, 22 – Week 1 – Introduction, Course Bearings and Setting the Stage Moodle: Adelman, “The Problems of Persistence in Latin American History” Moodle: Wade, “Race and Nation in Latin America: An Anthropological View” Grandin, 1-53 January 25, 27, 29 – Week 2 – The Struggle for Independence and the Rise of Caudillos Grandin, 54-81 Moodle: Safford, “The Problem of Political Order in Early Republican Spanish America” Moodle: Bushnell, “Mexico in Decline (1821-1855)” Moodle: “Décimas dedicated to Santa Ana’s leg” Moodle: Bushnell, “The Road to Dictatorship in the Platine Area” Moodle: “Facundo: Barbarian Caudillo” Pérez, 54-76 Moodle: Bushnell, “The Rise of the Brazilian Monarchy (1820-1850)” Map Quiz on Friday, January 29 4 February 1, 3, 5 – Week 3 – The Liberal Triumph and the Question of Empire in Brazil and Cuba Moodle: Bushnell, “The Heyday of Liberal Reform in Spanish America (1850-1880): Mexico” Moodle: Bushnell, “The Heyday of Liberal Reform in Spanish America (1850-1880): Argentina” Moodle: Hernández, “Gauchos in and out of the State” Moodle: Bushnell, “The Flowering and Decline of the Brazilian Empire (1850-1885)” Pérez, 77-96 February 8, 10, 12 – Week 4 – Everyday Life and Regional Wars in the Early Independent Era Grandin, 82-109 Moodle: Echeverría, “The Slaughterhouse” Moodle: “The Black Girl” Moodle: Chambers, “Republican Friendship: Manuela Saenz Writes Women into the Nation, 1835-1856 Moodle: Seeber, “The Triple Alliance” In-Class Discussion: Lily Tuck’s The News from Paraguay on Friday, February 12 UNIT 2: ORDER AND PROGRESS: MODERNITY COMES TO LATIN AMERICA, 1880-1940S February 15, 17, 19 – Week 5 – The Rise of Oligarchies and Modern Economies Pérez, 97-117 Moodle: Gonzales, “General Porfirio Díaz and the Liberal Legacy” Moodle: Cortés Conde, “Export-Led Growth in Latin America, 1870-1930” Moodle: Scenes from a Lumber Camp Moodle: Avellaneda, “Political Stability and Economic Development” Moodle: Borges, “A Mirror of Progress” Moodle: “Abolition Decree, 1888” Moodle: “Solemn Inaugural Session of December 24, 1900 Congress of Engineering and Industry” Moodle: “”The Civilist Campaign” and “Gaucho Leaders” Moodle: “Laws Regulating Beggars in Minas Gerais, 1900 Legislature of Minas Gerais” Paper on Lily Tuck’s The News from Paraguay is due on Friday, February 19 February 22, 24, 26 – Week 6 – Mass Migration to Latin America Moodle: Moya, “Spanish Emigration to Cuba and Argentina” Moodle: Devoto, “A History of Spanish and Italian Migration to the South Atlantic Regions of the Americas” Moodle: Masterson and Funada, “The Japanese in Peru and Brazil: A Comparative Moodle: Bjerg, “The Danes in the Argentine Pampa: The Role of Ethnic Leaders in the Creation of an Ethnic Community, 1848-1930” March 1, 3, 5 – Week 7 – Everyday Life in the Age of Modernity: Urbanization & Popular Culture Grandin, 110-158 Carmen: scene from The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1921) Carmen: Poems to be Read on a Trolly Car Carmen: Soccer and Popular Joy 5 Carmen: Modern Women Midterm Examination, Friday, March 5 Spring Vacation – March 6-21 – No Class March 22, 24, 26 – Week 8 – Race, Gender and Class in Latin America Grandin, 159-219 Moodle: “Aunt Zéze’s Tears” In-Class Discussion: Donna Guy’s Sex and Danger in Buenos Aires on Friday, March 26 March 29, 31, April 2 – Week 9 – Neocolonialism and America’s Big Stick Pérez, 118-209 Moodle: Rethinking the Legacy of the Liberal State in Latin America: The cases of Argentina (1853-1916) and Mexico (1857-1910) Paper on Donna Guy’s Sex and Danger in Buenos Aires is due on Friday, April 2 April 5, 7, 9 – Week 10 – The Mexican Revolution Moodle: Gonzales, “Crisis and Revolution” Moodle: Gonzales, “Counterrevolution” Moodle: Plan of Ayala Moodle: Zapatistas in the Palace Moodle: La Punitiva Moodle: The Ballad of Valentín of the Sierra In-Class Discussion: Carlos Fuentes’ The Death of Artemio Cruz on Friday, April 9 UNIT 3: DREAMERS AND DICTATORS: LATIN AMERICA AND THE SEARCH FOR STABILITY SINCE THE 1940S April 12, 14, 16 – Week 11 – Rise of Populism in Latin America Moodle: Economic Dependency Moodle: The Indian Problem Moodle: Perón Appeals to the People Moodle: Eva Perón: On Women’s Right to Vote Moodle: Letter to President Perón Paper on Carlos Fuentes’ The Death of Artemio Cruz is due on Friday, April 16 April 19, 21, 23 – Week 12 – Social Revolutions, Dirty Wars, and the Cold War Grandin, 220-236 Pérez, 210-256 Moodle: Tucumán is Burning Moodle: Efforts to Account for the Disappeared Moodle: Subject: Conversation with Argentine Intelligence Source, April 7, 1980 Moodle: Subject [excised] more on PST disappearances, May 14, 1980 6 Moodle: Subject: Hypothesis - The GOA as Prisoner of Army Intelligence, August 18, 1980 Moodle: Subject: A source in Argentine intelligence services reviewed the following subjects with me, August 21, 1980 In-Class Discussion: Alicia Partnoy’s The Little School April 26, 28, 30 – Week 13 – Return to Democracy and New Social Movements Pérez, 257-290 Moodle: Living with Inflation Moodle: The Maquiladoras Moodle: The New Populism Moodle: Women Take Charge Moodle: Communiqué from Subcomandante Marcos Paper on Alicia Partnoy’s The Little School is due on Friday, April 30 May 3, 5, 7 – Week 14 – Latin America and Globalization Moodle: The Globalization of Migration – Latin America and the Caribbean: transition from an immigration to an emigration region Moodle: The Hispanic Challenge Moodle: Two Poems about Immigrant Life Moodle: Pedro P., Coyote Moodle: Colombia and the War on Drugs Moodle: Mexico’s Drug Cartels Moodle: The Forgotten War on Drugs (special report by National Public Radio) Moodle: The Cocaine Trail (special report from British newspaper The Guardian) Moodle: Two Songs about Drug Smuggling Final Examination is due in Seitz House 2 on Friday, May 14 at 4:30pm