Julia Wetzel
Professor Thompson
English 101, MT 9
11 December 2006
Works Cited
What proof is there that violent television programs have a negative effect on children?
Electronic Privacy Information Center. 6 December 2006.
<http://www.epic.org/free_speech/censorship/copa.html>
The Electronic Privacy Information Center lists specific court cases that deal with
censorship. Court cases are a good way to provide historical information in a paper.
Minow, Newton N., and Craig L. Lamay. Abandoned in the Wasteland: Children,
Television, and The First Amendment. New York: First Hill and Wang, 1999.
Minow discusses how there are too many violent television programs, which
children should not be exposed to. He feels that it is the responsibility of the
broadcasters to censor television shows. On pages 26 and 27 Minow argues, in
his book Abandoned in the Wasteland, that there should be more educational
television programs for children to watch. He feels that over time television
shows have become more violent and less educational. On page 32 he discusses
that if children see violence being idolized or portrayed as “cool” they may want
to mimic the violent actions they see on television. On page 39 Minow argues
that there are not enough child friendly shows on standard commercial broadcast
television. This book is a great source to use throughout a paper, as Minow
discusses all different aspects of children’s television. However, I feel that
Minow is somewhat close-mined biased.
Bradley, Sonya S. and Karen A. Mathews. “Effects of Media Violence on Health-Related
Outcomes Among Young Men.” April 2006. 9 December 2006.
<http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1021686631&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=31810&R
QT=309&VName=PQD>
The article discusses how the media has the ability to have a negative affect on
young men. 100 male undergraduate students between the ages of 18 to 21 were
tested to see the affects of media violence exposure. The study proved that youth
may be at risk for negative outcomes due to violence in media. This article is a
good way to incorporate information dealing with a experiment and I feel it is a
reliable experiment.
Levin, Diane E. and Carlson, Nancy. “Marketing Violence: The Special Toll on Young
Children of Color” 2003. 7 December 2006.
<http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=621651391&sid=1&Fmt=3&clientId=31810&RQ
T=309&VName=PQD>
Marketing violence through television has become more increasing popular and is a
concern for all children. However, children of color are at a higher risk of becoming
involved in violent actions because racial violence is common in television shows. This
article looks at an interesting aspect that is not commonly discussed. Although, this
source is somewhat outdated.
Lego, Suzanne. “Children Killing Children” July 1998. 7 December 2006.
<http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=35204210&sid=2&Fmt=3&clientId=31810&RQ
T=309&VName=PQD>
This article discusses how parents should limit the amount of television that their children
watch in order to decrease the likelihood of violent actions. Also, parents should read to
their children and help them keep track of their daily feelings and thoughts by journaling.
This article is designed to help parents limit their children’s television viewing, in order
to decrease likelihood of violent actions. However, the author appears to be a little
biased.
Gunter, Barrie and Jill L. McAleen. Children and Television: The One Eyed Monster?.
Great Britain: Mackays of Chatman , 1990.
This book discusses how children respond to television and the effects it has on them.
On page 30 the book discusses how children learn how to tune out certain information. It
is only new or significant information that catches children’s attention causing them to
pay extra attention. Violence on television can have the ability to tune in viewers,
especially children. Page 76 talks about how violence is interpreted differently by
everyone, which makes it difficult to censor television programs. Throughout the book it
mentions how children do children control the television, more than it controls them.
These authors seem a little biased, but is a good argument to disproving that children
have no control over the television.
Rutenberg, Jim. Violence Finds a Niche in Children’s Cartoons. 8 January 2001.
7 December 2006.
<http://www.fradical.com/violence_finds_a_niche_in_childrens_cartoons.htm>
This website discusses how violence is becoming increasingly popular ion children’s
cartoons. It also discusses how Congress wants to limit the amount of violence that
shown television programs. However, it is unreliable because it is outdated.
Gentile, Douglas A. Media Violence and Children: A Complete Guide for Parents and
Professionals. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc, 2003.
This book is an overview of children’s television, censorship, and parent involvement.
This could easily be used throughout my paper and seems reliable.
Tompkins, Aimee. “The Psychological Effects of Violent Media on
Children.” 14 December 2003. 7 December 2006.
<http://allpsych.com/journal/violentmedia.html>
This website discusses how violent media can have a negative affect on children and
violence is all too common in media. Although, there is not research that there are long
term negative effects form television.