Diversity and Distribution of Ammonia

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Diversity and Distribution of Ammonia-oxidizing

Archaea in the Seasonally Frozen Soils in

Northeastern China

Chun-Hong Chen, Da-Wen Gao

*

, Yu Tao

State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of

Technology, Harbin 150090, China

*Corresponding author, email: gaodw@hit.edu.cn; Tel: 6-451-86289185; Fax:

86-451-86289185

Table S1 Pairwise differences within and between samples. Mean pairwise sequence differences within samples (

π x

) are on the diagonal in bold type. Mean pairwise sequence differences between samples (

π xy

) are above the diagonal. Pairwise population F

ST

values are below the diagonal in italic type. UHS=unfertilized hydric soil, UMS=unfertilized mesic soil, FHS=fertilized hydric soil, FMS=fertilized mesic soil

Table S2 Pairwise differences within and between different sample properties. Mean pairwise sequence differences within samples (

π x

) are on the diagonal in bold type.

Mean pairwise sequence differences between samples (

π xy

) are above the diagonal.

Pairwise population F

ST

values are below the diagonal in italic type. The number with asterisk shows a special small F

ST

value between a hydric soil and a mesic soil, which is probably a result of the fertilization impact. UHS=unfertilized hydric soil,

UMS=unfertilized mesic soil, FHS=fertilized hydric soil, FMS=fertilized mesic soil

Figure Lengends

Figure S1 Rarefaction curves indicating the relative richness of OTUs based on archaeal amoA sequences from frozen soil samples. OTUs were defined as groups of sequences differing by <5% at the DNA level. The small figure in the upside is a zoom of the curves of A05 and A09

Table S1

A01

A02

A03

A04

A05

A06

A07

A08

A09

A01 A02 A03 A04 A05 A06 A07 A08 A09

47.38 124.25 124.75 130.40 130.37 120.85 118.90 123.16 121.17

0.77 9.11 127.22 84.05 112.95 114.72 89.16 86.02 103.20

0.49

0.50

0.65

0.45

80.89 124.53 118.25 128.08 114.73 117.29 127.03

0.34 82.78 88.00 125.23 102.93 91.87 116.62

0.55

0.30

0.41

0.47

0.62

0.65

0.43

0.42

0.47

0.74

0.37

0.21

0.24

0.30

0.50

0.14

0.18

0.14

0.10

0.45

69.02

0.28

0.30

0.24

0.55

131.60

121.64

0.11

0.15

0.35

115.42

120.72

93.55

0.05

0.38

99.93

119.96

92.77

82.21

0.43

125.30

127.42

112.08

111.32

44.89

Table S2

UHS

(A01, A02, A03)

UMS

(A04, A05)

FHS

(A06, A07)

FMS

(A08, A09)

UHS

A01, A02, A03

97.55

0.19

0.07

0.13

UMS

A04, A05

111.79

83.99

0.15

0.12

FHS

A06, A07

114.18

117.22

115.61

0.07*

FMS

A08, A09

108.56

99.43

110.72

90.99

Figure S1

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