CPUSH (Unit 8, #3)
Name _________________________________
ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF REFORM: COMPARING AMERICAN REFORM MOVEMENTS OVER TIME
Antebellum Reform (1820-1850)
Populists (1890s)
Progressives (1890-1920)
Reasons
for the
Reform
Movement
Social Reforms
Women’s
Rights
African
American
Rights
Children’s
Rights
Political Reforms
Economic Reforms
Other
Social
Reforms
Economic
Reforms
Business
Reforms
Democratic
Reforms
Other
Gov’t
Reforms
1. Which reform era (Antebellum, Populist, or Progressive) was most successful? Least successful? Explain your answers.
2. Which trend (social, economic, or political) experienced the greatest change from 1820 to 1920? Explain your answer.
3. What was the most important change of the Progressive Era: (a) protection of children and the poor; (b) regulation of big business;
or (c) the increase of democracy? Explain your answer. .
CPUSH (Unit 8, #3)
Name _________________________________
Political Reforms
Economic Reforms
Social Reforms
ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF REFORM: COMPARING AMERICAN REFORM MOVEMENTS OVER TIME
Antebellum Reform (1820-1850)
Populists (1890s)
Progressives (1890-1920)
Reasons
for the
Reform
Movement
The Second Great Awakening
led to religious revivalism
Western farmers faced falling crop
prices, rising debts, and high railroad
and mortgage rates
Social Gospel reformers wanted
to address problems created
during the Gilded Age
Women’s
Rights
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia
Mott helped write the Declaration of
Sentiments at the Seneca Falls
Convention
NONE
Stanton and Anthony helped gain
passage of the 19th Amendment;
labor laws led to a 10 hour work
day; Sanger promoted birth control
African
American
Rights
William Lloyd Garrison
and Frederick Douglass and
other abolitionists called for
the immediate end of slavery
Black exodusters moved West as
homestead farmers to escape
segregation in the South
Booker T. Washington called
for racial accommodation;
WEB DuBois led the Niagara
Movement and formed the NAACP
Children’s
Rights
Horace Mann fought to create public
schools to better educate young
children, especially
German and Irish immigrants
NONE
Florence Kelley fought for
child labor laws; President Taft
created the Children’s Bureau
Other
Social
Reforms
WCTU fought for temperance but
failed to gain national prohibition
NONE
Muckrakers like Jacob Riis exposed
poverty; Jane Addams created the
first settlement house;
18th Amendment led to prohibition
Economic
Reforms
Jackson’s attack on the Second Bank of
the United States eliminated federal
regulation of banking and the money
supply
Western farmers called for
(but did not gain) a national income
tax and the free
coinage of silver (bimetallism)
16th Amendment created a national
income tax; The Federal Reserve
was created to regulate inflation,
unemployment, and money supply
Business
Reforms
The government encouraged industry,
especially Northern textile mills, by
creating a
tariff on imported goods
Western farmers called for
(but did not gain) government
regulation of banks and railroads
Muckrakers Sinclair and Tarbell;
TR’s “Square Deal; Meat Inspection
Act and Pure Food and Drug Act;
Sherman Anti-Trust Act was used to
“bust” monopolies; Clayton AntiTrust Act protected unions;
Conservation
Democratic
Reforms
Women demanded (but did
not gain) the right to vote;
Property qualification ended and
common white men could vote
(universal white male suffrage)
Western farmers demanded
(but did not gain) the right to
directly elect their U.S. Senators
17th Amendment allowed for the
direct election of U.S. Senators;
19th Amendment granted women’s
suffrage; Initiative, referendum,
recall created in western states
Other
Gov’t
Reforms
Jackson used the spoils system
(patronage) to replace government
bureaucrats
NONE
Pendleton Act ended patronage
by requiring a civil service exam;
City commissions and managers;
Lafollette’s Wisconsin Idea
1.
Which reform era (Antebellum, Populist, or Progressive) was most successful? Least successful? Explain your answers.
2.
Which trend (social, economic, or political) experienced the greatest change from 1820 to 1920? Explain your answer.
3. What was the most important change of the Progressive Era: (a) protection of children and the poor; (b) regulation of big business;
or (c) the increase of democracy? Explain your answer.