References
Passenger Transport Mode
Shares in World Cities
Passenger transport mode share refers to the
percentage of passenger journeys or trips by
the main mode of transport and is typically
reported through travel surveys. Comparing
passenger transport mode share across
different cities is a challenging task. As travel
surveys are typically conducted for long-term
strategic planning purpose, such surveys are
not conducted frequently and detailed reports
are not always published. The situation is
further complicated as the surveys are often
commissioned by local governments. The
geographical areas covered, sampling and
interviewing techniques, questionnaire and
stratification methods deployed by travel
surveys vary greatly in different countries.
analysed together with the historical, social
and economic situation of the city.
For example, the definition for a pedestrian
trip or a public transport trip may be different
in different countries. In cities like Hong
Kong, mode share is based on the number of
boardings by mode of transport (or journeystages). In most cities, however, mode share
is reported on the basis of the number of
journeys, which may consist of a series of
boardings on different modes of transport and
the main mode is reported as the transport
mode.
Table 1: List of Selected Cities
Mode share is affected by household incomes,
land use patterns, and many other economic
and social factors. Therefore, the figures may
not be directly comparable. They should be
60
The mode share information of some major
metropolitan cities in the world is presented.
They include the traditionally advanced
cities (e.g. London, Paris, New York and
Tokyo), newly developed cities (e.g. Hong
Kong, Seoul), cities often cited in transport
innovations or sustainable transport surveys
(e.g. Bogota, Osaka), and emerging megacities (e.g. Shanghai, Bangalore) (Table 1).
For cities where mode share information of
different geographical coverage is available,
the geographical area that is approximately in
a similar pattern to Singapore is used (e.g. land
area, population density).
Asia
Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Beijing, Delhi,
Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Osaka,
Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Taipei, Tokyo
Australia
Melbourne, Sydney
Europe
Barcelona, Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris,
Prague, Rome, Vienna
North America
Chicago, New York City, Toronto
South America
Bogota, Curitiba
JOURNEYS | November 2011
References
AHMEDABAD
Figure 1: Mode Share in Ahmedabad
Population: 5.6 million
Land area: 281 km2
Paratransit
6%
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 16% of all
journeys.
Cycle
14%
Public
transport
16%
Data Sources:
Walk
22%
Census of India 2011
Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic
and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas
in India
BANGALORE
Private
transport
42%
Figure 2: Mode Share in Bangalore
Population: 8.4 million
Land area: 226 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 35% of all
journeys.
Cycle
7%
Data Sources:
Public
transport
35%
Census of India 2011
Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic
and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas
in India
BARCELONA
Private
transport
25%
Walk
26%
Paratransit
7%
Figure 3: Mode Share in Barcelona
Population: 1.5 million
Land area: 98 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 26% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
35%
Walk
38%
Data Sources:
Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex
A1. Common Indicator Report 2006
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Taxi
1%
Public
transport
26%
61
References
BEIJING1
Figure 4: Mode Share in Beijing
Population: 11.7 million
Land area: 1,368 km2
journeys.
Private
transport
20%
Walk
21%
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 23% of all
Bus
21%
Data Sources:
Cycle
32%
Beijing Yearbook 2011
Beijing Transport Report 2005 (in Chinese only, 2005 北京
市交通发展年度报告)
BERLIN
Figure 5: Mode Share in Berlin
Population: 3.4 million
Land area: 892 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 26% of all
journeys.
Cycle
13%
Private
transport
32%
Public
transport
26%
Data Sources:
Walk
29%
Berlin Traffic in Figures 2010
BOGOTA
Figure 6: Mode Share in Bogota
Population: 6.8 million
Land area: 1,775 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 62% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
15%
Other
2%
Bus & BRT
62%
Data Sources:
Travel survey of Bogota and the Region 2008 (in Spanish
only, Observatorio de Movilidad de Bogotá y la Región,
Camara de Comercio de Bogotá), Colombia
62
Others
3%
Rail
2%
Taxi
1%
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Cycle
2%
Walk
15%
Taxi
4%
References
CHICAGO
Figure 7: Mode Share in Chicago
Population: 2.7 million
Land area: 589 km2
Rail
5%
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 16% of all
journeys.
Bus
11%
Taxi Cycle
1% 1%
Walk
19%
Private
transport
63%
Data Sources:
Chicago Regional Household Travel Inventory: Mode Choice
and Trip Purpose for the 2008 and 1990 Surveys, Chicago
Metropolitan Agency for Planning
CURITIBA
Figure 8: Mode Share in Curitiba
Population: 1.9 million
Land area: 430 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 45% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
28%
Bus & BRT
45%
Others
1%
Walk
21%
Data Sources:
ICLEI EcoMobility Case “Curitiba, Brazil - A model of transit
oriented planning”
DELHI
Cycle
5%
Figure 9: Mode Share in Delhi
Population: 11.0 million
Land area: 431 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 42% of all
journeys.
Data Sources:
Census of India 2011
Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic
and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas
in India
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Walk
21%
Private
transport
19%
Cycle
12%
Public
transport
42%
Paratransit
6%
63
References
GUANGZHOU2
Figure 10: Mode Share in Guangzhou
Population: 6.3 million
Land area: 1,166 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes only motorised
modes for all purposes. Mass transit
constitutes 49% of motorised journeys.
Taxi
11%
Rail
14%
Private
transport
40%
Data Sources:
Bus
35%
Guangzhou Yearbook 2010
Guangzhou Urban Transport Report 2010 (in Chinese only.
2010 年广州市城市交通运行报告)
HONG KONG
Figure 11: Mode share in Hong Kong
Population: 7.1 million
Land area: 1,104 km2
Private
transport
11%
Taxi
8%
Mode share
Based on the number of boardings by mode of
transport. It includes only motorised modes
for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 80%
of all boardings.
Rail
25%
Others
1%
Data Sources:
Bus / Tram
55%
Hong Kong in Figures 2011
Travel Characteristics Survey 2002, Transport Department,
Hong Kong
LONDON
Figure 12: Mode Share in London
Population: 7.8 million
Land area: 1,579 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 27% of all
journeys.
Rail
12%
Bus / Tram
15%
Data Sources:
GLA Intelligence Update 11-2011, Greater London
Authority, U.K.
Travel in London, Supplementary Report: London Travel
Demand Survey (LTDS) 2011, Transport for London, U.K.
64
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Cycle Taxi
2% 1%
Walk
30%
Private
transport
40%
References
MADRID
Figure 13: Mode Share in Madrid
Population: 3.1 million
Land area: 606 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 34% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
29%
Public
transport
34%
Taxi
1%
Data Sources:
Walk
36%
Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex
A1. Common Indicator Report 2006
MELBOURNE
Figure 14: Mode Share in Melbourne
Population: 4.1 million
Land area: 1,566 km2
Bus
Rail 3%
4%
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 8% of all
journeys.
Walk
13%
Cycle
2% Others
1%
Private
transport
77%
Data Sources:
Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity 2007
MUMBAI
Figure 15: Mode Share in Mumbai
Population: 12.5 million
Land area: 603 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 45% of all
journeys.
Walk
27%
Data Sources:
Census of India 2011
Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic
and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas
in India
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Private
transport
15%
Paratransit
7%
Cycle
6%
Public
transport
45%
65
References
NEW YORK
Figure 16: Mode Share in New York
Population: 8.2 million
Land area: 790 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 23% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
33%
Walk
39%
Data Sources:
Census 2010, U.S. Census Bureau
National Household Travel Survey 2009, New York City
OSAKA
Others
6%
Bus
10%
Rail
12%
Figure 17: Mode Share in Osaka
Population: 2.7 million
Land area: 222 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 34% of all
journeys.
Walk
27%
Data Sources:
Private
transport
39%
Rail
32%
Osaka Prefecture Travel Report 2000 (in Japanese only, 大
阪府全体の人の動き 第4回パーソントリップ調査から,
Japan)
PARIS (Paris et Petite Couronne)3
Bus
2%
Figure 18: Mode Share in Paris et Petite Couronne
Population: 6.5 million
Land area: 762 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 62% of all
journeys.
Data Sources:
Private
transport
32%
Public
transport
62%
National Transport Survey 2008 (in French only, Enquête
Nationale Transports et Déplacements)
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JOURNEYS | November 2011
Taxi
1%
Cycle
1%
Walk
4%
References
PRAGUE
Figure 19: Mode Share in Prague
Population: 1.2 million
Land area: 496 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 43% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
33%
Public
transport
43%
Cycle
1%
Data Sources:
Walk
23%
The Yearbook of Transportation 2009, Prague
ROME
Figure 20: Mode Share in Rome
Population: 3.7 million
Land area: 1,290 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 20% of all
journeys.
Public
transport
20%
Private
transport
59%
Walk
21%
Data Sources:
Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex
A1. Common Indicator Report 2006
SEOUL
Figure 21: Mode Share in Seoul
Population: 10.6 million
Land area: 605 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes only motorised
modes for all purposes. Mass transit
constitutes 63% of motorised journeys.
Private
transport
26%
Bus
28%
Taxi
6%
Data Sources:
Seoul Statistics – Population Trend in 2010
Seoul Statistics – Composition of Daily Passenger
Transportation in 2009
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Rail
35%
Others
5%
67
References
SHANGHAI4
Figure 22: Mode Share in Shanghai
Population: 16.4 million
Land area: 2,141 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 33% of all
journeys.
E-bike
10%
Data Sources:
Public
transport
33%
Shanghai Yearbook 2011
Shanghai Construction and Transport Commission 2009
(data provided directly)
SINGAPORE
Private
transport
20%
Walk
27%
Figure 23: Mode share in Singapore
Population: 5.1 million
Land area: 712 km2
Taxi
4%
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 44% of all
journeys.
Rail
19%
Cycle
1%
Walk
22%
Data Sources:
SYDNEY
Private
transport
29%
Bus
25%
Singapore in Figures 2011
Travel Survey 2011, Land Transport Authority, Singapore
Figure 24: Mode Share in Sydney
Population: 4.6 million
Land area: 1,580 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 11% of all
journeys.
Rail
Bus 5%
6%
Walk
18%
Data Sources:
2009/10 Household Travel Survey-Key Indicators for Sydney
68
Cycle
10%
JOURNEYS | November 2011
Others
2%
Private
transport
69%
References
TAIPEI
Figure 25: Mode Share in Taipei
Population: 2.6 million
Land area: 272 km2
Cycle
4%
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 32% of all
journeys.
Rail
14%
Taxi Others
2% 1%
Walk
15%
Data Sources:
Bus
18%
Taipei Yearbook 2010, Taipei City Government, Taiwan
Analysis of Taiwan Transport Modes (in Chinese only, 臺
灣地區相關運具使用率指標 簡析及探討) 2009. MOTC ,
Taiwan
TOKYO (23-Ward)5
Private
transport
46%
Figure 26: Mode share in Tokyo 23-Ward
Population: 8.8 million
Land area: 622 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 51% of all
journeys.
Private
transport
12%
Cycle
14%
Bus
3%
Walk
23%
Rail
48%
Data Sources:
Tokyo Statistical Yearbook 2009, Japan
Tokyo Metropolitan Area Travel Survey 2008 (in Japanese
only, 東京都市圏パーソントリップ調査（交通実態調査）
平成20年, Japan)
TORONTO
Figure 27: Mode Share in Toronto
Population: 2.4 million
Land area: 630 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 24% of all
journeys.
Cycle &
Walk
8%
Local
Transit
22%
Data Sources:
GO
Train Others
2% 1%
Private
transport
67%
2006 Transportation Tomorrow Survey
JOURNEYS | November 2011
69
References
VIENNA
Figure 28: Mode Share in Vienna
Population: 1.6 million
Land area: 415 km2
Mode share
Based on the number of journeys by main
mode of transport. It includes all modes for all
purposes. Mass transit constitutes 36% of all
journeys.
Data Sources:
Vienna Modal Split 2010 (in German only, APA-Grafik
Modal Split, Wiener)
Private
transport
31%
Public
transport
36%
Cycle
5%
Walk
28%
Notes
1.For Beijing, this includes the traditional urban area,
which is only part of the area administered by the Beijing
Municipality.
4.For Shanghai, this includes the traditional urban area
and the Pudong New District, which is only part of the
area administered by the Shanghai Municipality.
2.For Guangzhou, this includes the central districts (i.e.
Liwan, Yuexiu, Haizhu, Tianhe, Baiyun, Huangpu) only,
which is only part of the area administered by the
Guangzhou Municipality.
5.For Tokyo, this includes the traditional urban area
collectively called “23-Ward”, which is only part of
the area administered by the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government (TMG).
3.For Paris, this includes the city of Paris and the surrounding
districts collectively called “Petite Couronne” (Little
Crown, or Inner Ring): Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-SaintDenis and Val-de-Marne.
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JOURNEYS | November 2011