European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
SESSION 7
179
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
COUPLING VEGETATION TYPE WITH SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS IN
THE RIA FORMOSA LAGOON, SOUTHERN PORTUGAL
Neumeier U1., R. Santos 2, P. Ciavola1 , S. Cabaço2, C. Evarchi1 and O. Ferreira2
(1)
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44100,
Ferrara, Italy (urs.neumeier@unife.it)
(2)
UCTRA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000 Faro, Portugal
A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE ELOISE PROJECT: F-ECTS
Within the framework of the European F-ECTS project (Feed-backs of Estuarine
Circulation and Transport of Sediments on phytobenthos), the vegetation distribution
and the related sedimentary processes have been investigated in the western part of the
Ria Formosa Lagoon, Southern Portugal. This lagoon includes over 80 km 2 of tidal flats
and salt marshes with some subtidal channels. The tides are semidiurnal with a
maximum spring tide range of 3.4 m. Water salinity is close to open-sea water.
Freshwater influence is negligible except after rare heavy rainfalls. Suspended sediment
concentration is generally low (<15 mg/l). Three vegetation types are dominant in the
intertidal and shallow subtidal areas: Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass) up to the lower limit
of the intertidal, Zostera noltii (seagrass) in the lower intertidal, and Spartina maritima
(salt marsh plant) in the upper intertidal. The sediments characteristics were analysed
for each vegetation type and for nearby unvegetated surfaces in four sectors of the
lagoon. Short-term sedimentation rates were measured with sediment traps under spring
and neap tidal ranges, in May-June 1999 and March 2000.The characteristics of
superficial sediments are closely related to vegetation cover. The grain size is always
finer within a vegetated zone than outside, and is generally finer within Spartina than
within the seagrasses. The organic-matter content of the sediments is very low for bare
zones (<1%), low for seagrass meadows (<5%), and important for Spartina marshes
(40-50%).On the contrary, the short-term sedimentation rates observed during fair
weather conditions seem mainly related to the topographic position (elevation and
distance from the channel), with higher sedimentation rates near the channel and at
lower elevation. A negative correlation between sedimentation rate and vegetation
density was observed, but it was clearly less significant. Furthermore, the sedimentation
rates were often higher under spring tide conditions than under neap tide conditions.
These results suggest that short-term sedimentation rate reflect more sediment mobility
(which is dependent of the local current intensity) than long-term accretion trends.
SESSION 7
180
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF THE BALTIC SEA COASTAL ZONE
Janina Fudala
Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas (IETU) in Katowice, Poland
Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas in Katowice, Poland (Instytut Ekologii
Terenów Uprzemyslowionych - IETU) is a research and development unit acting under
the Polish Ministry of Environment. According to its statute, IETU carries out scientific,
research and development work as well as educational activities aimed at addressing
problems in highly urbanised and industrialised areas. Based on its over 29 years of
experience in the area of environmental protection, IETU is involved in numerous joint
efforts together with a number of European consulting firms and R&D institutions.
These projects focus on such areas as environmental policy and management,
environmental education, land management, environmental quality management and
control, surface and groundwater protection, soil protection, atmospheric protection,
brownfields redevelopment, as well as industrial and municipal waste management. In
the framework of the EU RTD Programmes IETU took part in two projects under the 4th
EU Framework Programme and in four projects under the 5th one, as well as in several
PHARE projects.
The following projects launched by IETU staff are directly or indirectly related with
the problems of environmental protection of costal zones mainly of the Baltic Sea
Basin:

POPs air emission changes in the Baltic Sea Basin under POPCYCLING-BALTIC
Project,

Technical and non-technical measures for air emission control in CEEC for Multipollutant, Multi-effect Assessment of European Air Pollution Control Strategies
under MERLIN Project,

Implementation of the Baltic Marine Environment Quality Analyses and
Assessment Program due to HELCOM Standards under Governmental Programme
of the Environment and Health,

Eutrofization of the Wisla and Odra rivers in the aspect of Poland’s integration
with EU,

Hazard Assessment of the Baltic costal ecosystems on the example Slowinski
National Park,

Phyromediation of heavy metal contaminated soils and dragged sediments under
the IETU-U.S.DOE Project and EU PhytoDec Project,

Bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soils under the IETU-U.S. DOE Project
SESSION 7
181
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
USE OF CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD (CVM) TO ANALYSE
CONSERVATION EFFECTIVENESS IN COASTAL WETLAND OF SRI
LANKA
Premachandra Wattage
Centre of Economics and Management of Aquatic Resources (CEMARE), University of
Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Local people rely heavily on the marine resources of the Asian Seas and coastal
wetlands can provide benefits to local people, particularly through sustainable fishing
and wetland related activities. The present level of recognition of this fact is low and
therefore public support and awareness is very poor. Public support for marine
biodiversity conservation is essential for gaining political approval and support for
marine protected areas. Developing the public's interest in wetland conservation will
depend on increase public awareness, understanding and acceptance of the need for, and
benefits of wetland biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. It has to be
ensured that wetlands provide tangible financial and social benefits to local
communities. This can be achieved by developing management approaches that
integrate sustainable development and biodiversity conservation. There is a paucity of
data on the total economic values of resources and activities carried out within wetlands.
Standard economic concepts will be used in this research to develop a model of
individual behaviour using the contingent valuation framework. This analytical
framework will be used to measure the project’s total benefits, benefits that often
involve a significant passive-use value component in wetlands. Passive-use values are
those portion of total value that are unobtainable using direct measurement techniques
which rely on observed market behaviour.
SESSION 7
182
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
CHALLENGES OF COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE: CASE
STUDY SEVASTOPOL REGION
Viktoriya Radchenko
Instituite of Biology of the Southern Seas, Sevastopol, Ukraine
(radalpin@ibss.iuf.net or s01033@wmu.se)
Sectoral management of coastal zone in Sevastopol Region with emphasise on
defence have got development from 1783. Among consequences of development
Sevastopol as Navy base were deforestation, damaging artesian water layers, coastal
erosion, marine pollution, decreasing of biodiversity, etc. In Soviet time in addition to
the Navy activity, agricultural and industrial integrated complex started to develop.
During development of such complex no real steps to undertake environmental
protection were implemented. Such sectural development has solved employment
problem, but it added more environmental problems. From 1975 population doubled,
but water supply and canalisation facilities are still on the same level. As a result, in
summer time citizens in residential area have water supply only 1-2 hours per day.
Lack of canalisation’s facilities is causing almost regular discharge sewage into the
Sevastopol Bay. About 19 tons of oil, 96 tons of detergent, 9 tons of heavy metals are
discharging annually (Pavlova, et al., 1999). Pollution of the Bay is affecting marine
ecosystem and biodiversity. For example, according to Zernoffs data (1913) Sevastopol
Bay had 40 fish species in 1913. In 1990 only 27 species were detected with most
valuable species lost. After breakdown of Soviet Union in period of transition,
Sevastopol Region in addition to such heritage has got social problems. For example,
decreasing of level of life, growth of unemployment (table 1), increase level of cancer
and tuberculosis morbidity, etc.
Table 1. Unemployment level in Sevastopol Region Source: Sevastopol municipal statistics’
administration (2001)
1995
1999
Total number of unemployed people
305
2775
Unemployed in the age before 28
111
620
Unemployed in the age after 60-65
1
119
In such conditions the only solution is transition to integrated coastal zone
management approach. There main constrains in its implementation are:
 Lack of financial investments;
 Absence of special administrative structure in municipality and lack of trained
personnel;
 Lack of public awareness and public participation in decision-making;
 Lack of legislation concerning coastal zone management and lack of enforcement of
existing environmental law.
SESSION 7
183
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
Following recommendations could be done:
1. It is necessary to create of regional Committee on complex management of coastal
zone.
2. Environmental Impact Assessment performance for ICZM related projects, industrial,
agricultural, municipal activities in coastal zone.
3. Educational programs for population with the aim to increase public awareness and
create new social priorities with emphasis on life quality increase.
4. Focus groups creation.
5. Public opinion essays; creation of sociological institution focuse on the work with
public opinion in nature management field with the focus on coastal zone
management. Public opinion increase toward ICZM problems.
Public discussion of new initiatives performed in coastal zone; creation of specialised
municipal and NGO bodies and services.
SESSION 7
184
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
CENTRE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF
THE
BLACK
SEA
REGION
(CESUM-BS):
AN
INTEGRATED
ENVIRONMENTAL/SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRATEGY
Moncheva S.1, Doncheva V.1, Kamburska L.1, Krastev A.1, Houbenova T.2, Atanasov,
A.3, Todorova S.3, Toneva Z.3
(1)
Institute of Oceanology, BAS, Varna, 9000, P.O.Box, 152 Bulgaria
(snejm@mail.varna.techno-link.com )
(2)
Institute of Economy, BAS, Sofia
(3)
Institute of Sociology, BAS, Sofia
The Black Sea ecological degradation has been a well-recognised environmental
issue, the basin ranked among the most threatened water bodies in the World Ocean.
Anthropogenic eutrophication, dramatic shift in biodiversity and communities structure,
introduction of exotic species and over-fishing have been considered as key ecological
problems. The health control of the basin as related to the complex knowledge of
interactions between physical, chemical and biological fields as well as to socioeconomic drivers impose the need for better understanding of ecosystem performances
and developing strategies for crisis management and policies for sustainable
development.
The main objectives of the Project are targeted to long-range sustainable
development and management of the Black Sea region in the context of environmental,
economic and social problems through increased regional and international co-operation
and networking, user-friendly information media and a "tool-box" of measures
(Strategy) for harmonisation with the EC standards.
The architecture of an integrated socio-economic-environmental approach is based
on three main conceptions: similar to the field of human medicine the assessment and
protection of the Black Sea Ecosystem health needs an adequate set of descriptors and
indicator criteria for diagnosis and management; the EC Framework Directive on water
resources as a main theoretical guideline; the recent indicator model for assessment of
SESSION 7
185
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
the ecological status of coastal marine ecosystems (DPSIR), as the most appropriate
way to structure environmental information applied by EEA (scheme bellow).
A description of the parameters of each box of the model is presented, the emphasis
put on the set of pressure/state descriptors and indicators, interaction (cause-effect)
patterns and feed-back modes.
A “tool-box” of measures to provide feasible options for mitigation of negative
impacts and co-ordinate efficient implementation of environmental rehabilitation
activities, based on the synergy of environmental, economic and social solutions
(Integrated Socio-Economic-Environmental [SEE] Strategy) is designed, targeted to
long-range sustainable perspective for the Black Sea coastal ecosystem.
SESSION 7
186
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
SOME RESULTS OF THE PROJECT "LAND-OCEAN INTERACTIONS IN
THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC"
V.V.Gordeev, P.P.Shirshov
Institute of Oceanology Russian Academy of Sciences 36, Nakchimovsky prospect, Moscow
117851, Russian Federation
A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE ELOISE PROJECT: LOICZ
Land-Ocean Interactions in the Russian Arctic (LOIRA) is a comprehensive,
multidisciplinary project, devoted to investigations of the exchange processes of matter
and energy in the coastal zone of the Russian Arctic. The LOIRA Science Plan (1997)
basically adapted plans of the LOICZ (Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone)
and ELOISE (European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies).
The LOIRA Implementation Plan was published by the IASC Secretariat in Oslo,
Norway in 2000, and planning period of the project was over.The LOIRA Steering
Committee (Acad.A.P.Lisitzin - chair) organised three international LOIRA workshops
in Moscow (1996, 1998, 2000) with financial support of the IASC. This autumn the IV
International LOIRA workshop ( The results of investigations in the White and Pechora
Seas) will be held in Moscow as a broadened session of the 14-th International
Conference on Marine Geology (24-27 October, 2001).
At present LOIRA does not have a financial support. Nevertheless in 1999 four pilot
LOIRA expeditions operated onboard large and smaller research vessels were carried
out: 13-th and 14-th cruises of the R/V "Academic Sergei Vavilov" (to the Barents and
Pechora Seas), 40-th cruise of the R/V "Academic Mstislav Keldysh" (to the Norwegian
Sea) and 14-th cruise of the E/V "Academic Fedorov" (to the Barents Sea).
There are three INTAS projects of three foci of LOIRA - this is another way of
activity in framework of LOIRA.
In 2001 the new project under LOIRA umbrella was developed: The White Sea
System (2001-2005). The White Sea is the most well studied, small in size, quite
acceptable for research coastal sea with many similar characteristics of the Arctic
coastal seas.The main objective of this new project is to study and to understand the
whole intercommunicative and multicomponent natural system of the coastal sea.
SESSION 7
187
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy
LOICZ IN POLAND (PARTICIPANTS AND SELECTED TOPICS REALIZED
IN LAST YEARS)
Jerzy Bolalek
Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
(jerzyb@ocean.univ.gda.pl)
A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE ELOISE PROJECT: LOICZ
Institute of Oceanography, Gdansk University, Gdynia
 long-term analysis of of eutrophication of Baltic Sea as related to the Global Change
models of wind waves
 application and interpretation of satelite pictures
 transfer and chemical composition of aerosols in Southren Baltic area
 nitrification and denitrification in coastal sediments
 short-term changes in elemental composition of particulate matter
 energetic values of biomass of selected animal and plant species
 transfer of nitrogen and phosphorous across sediment-water interface
 accumulation of organic matter at seawater surface microlayer
 prognostic models of matter and energy transfer in Baltic Sea ecosystem
 sunlight induced fototransformations of dissolved organic matter
 monitoring of phisico-chemical properties of seawater as related to organisms in the
Gulf of Gdansk
Institute of Oceanology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot

factors influencing toxic algae blooms in the coastal zone

origin and sources of organic matter in the Baltic Sea

biomarkers of anthropogenic stress in the coastal zone

accumulation rates of surface sediments in the Baltic

coastal – basin fluxes (organic substances, heavy metals) in the Pomeranian Bay

the influence of river run-off on the distribution of artificial radionuclides in the
Baltic sediments
SESSION 7
188
Poster Presentation
European Land-Ocean Interaction Studies
4th ELOISE Conference
5-7 September 2001, Rende, Italy

physical, chemical and biological equilibra of natural and anthropogenic
radionuclides in various compartments of the Baltic the ecosystem

photosyntetic sources of energy in marine ecosystems

sunlight radiation transfer through sea-atmospher interface
Department of Oceanography and Marine Ecology - Sea Fisheries Institute, Gdynia
 significance of external/antropogenic nitrogen for central Baltic Sea, N-cycling Circulation of biogenic elements in estuarial ecosystems in southern Baltic
 management of coastal areas as an aspect of seashore protection
 utilisation of wastes in harbours
 terrestial sources of biogenes in the Gulf of Gdansk area
 hydroacoustic methods of identification of sea sediments earch and accessb
Maritime Institute, Gdansk
 stability of Hel Penisula coastline
 assessment of terrestial input of biogenic components into Gulf of Gdansk
 seabed pollution in areas of wrecks excavation
 Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Baltic States and Poland (projekt Phare)
 coastBase – the virtual European coastal and marine data warehouse. An open
system architecture for integrated distributed coastal and marine information search
and accessb (5 PR UE)
Marine Departament of Institute of Metorology and Water Management, Gdynia

monitoring of biogenic constituents of Baltic Sea water
Department of Food Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk

distribution and concentration of heavy metals in sediments and biota
Institute of Marine Sciences, Szczecin University
 role of water discharge of the Lower Odra River in shaping salinity of coastal waters
 hydro- and morphodynamical problems of the Odra Estuary, Pomeranian Bay and
adjacent coastal waters and shelf seas
 dynamics of the seashore changes at selected points in Southern Baltic area
 variability in ice cover along Polish coast
 stratigraphic and spatial variability of the sediments infilling the Szczecin Lagoon
SESSION 7
189
Poster Presentation