Gene and Chromosomal Mutations
Gene and Chromosomal Mutations
Once in a while cells make a few mistakes while copying their own DNA. They
could place a wrong base or skip a base as the new strand is put together. These
mistakes are called mutations. There are lots of different types of mutations. If they
are in a single chromosome they are called chromosomal mutations.
Once in a while cells make a few mistakes while copying their own DNA. They
could place a wrong base or skip a base as the new strand is put together. These
mistakes are called mutations. There are lots of different types of mutations. If they
are in a single chromosome they are called chromosomal mutations.
Recall the genetic code is read as three bases, a codon. Even if the nucleotide is
removed or added, the codon is just shifted. For example, if the original sequence is
THE BIG FAT CAT ATE THE RAT, and a mutation occurred to shift the codons,
THB IGF ATC ATA TET HER AT_ might be the result from a deletion, or perhaps
THE BIG FAT CAT ATE THE HAT would be the result of a substitution.
Recall the genetic code is read as three bases, a codon. Even if the nucleotide is
removed or added, the codon is just shifted. For example, if the original sequence is
THE BIG FAT CAT ATE THE RAT, and a mutation occurred to shift the codons,
THB IGF ATC ATA TET HER AT_ might be the result from a deletion, or perhaps
THE BIG FAT CAT ATE THE HAT would be the result of a substitution.
Gene Mutations: (Point Mutations- a mutation in one or a few nucleotides, at a
single point in the DNA)
a. Substitutions- one base changed for another
b. Insertions- a base added or inserted from the DNA sequence
c. Deletions- a base removed from the DNA sequence
Gene Mutations: (Point Mutations- a mutation in one or a few nucleotides, at a
single point in the DNA)
d. Substitutions- one base changed for another
e. Insertions- a base added or inserted from the DNA sequence
f. Deletions- a base removed from the DNA sequence
Chromosomal Mutations:
a. Duplication- makes extra copies of parts of the chromosome
b. Inversion- reverse the direction of parts of the chromosome
c. Translocation- when one part of the chromosome breaks off and
attaches to another.
Chromosomal Mutations:
d. Duplication- makes extra copies of parts of the chromosome
e. Inversion- reverse the direction of parts of the chromosome
f. Translocation- when one part of the chromosome breaks off and
attaches to another.
Types of DNA Change:
1.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
Type of mutation:
Types of DNA Change:
1.
GCC AAG TCC ACA ACC
2.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
GCC AAG TCC ACA ACC
2.
GAC AGT CCA CAA CCC
3.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
3.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
4.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
5.
TAC GCA TGC TTC
6.
CGA TTC GAT
CAT TCG ATC
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
GAC AAG AAG TCC ACA
7.
TAC TAC GCA TGC
8.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
TCC GAC AAG ACA ACC
GAC AAG AAG TCC ACA
7.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
GAC AAG TCC GGG AAA
TCC GAC AAG ACA ACC
6.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
GAC AAG TCC AAC AAC
GAC AAG TCC GGG AAA
5.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
GAC AGT CCA CAA CCC
GAC AAG TCC AAC AAC
4.
GAC AAG TCC ACA ACC
TAC GCA TGC TTC
TAC TAC GCA TGC
8.
CGA TTC GAT
CAT TCG ATC
Type of mutation: