Name _______________________________________ Class_________________ Date____________
Rock Review
/20
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
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1. The temperature in Earth’s crust decreases with depth.
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2. Silica is the most abundant compound found in magma.
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3. Sands are usually poorly compacted during deposition, and they tend to compact a great deal during burial.
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4. Lithification begins with erosion.
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5. Magmas are classified as intrusive or extrusive.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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6. Minerals that crystallize at higher temperatures as a result of contact metamorphism tend to be found near
a. coal deposits.
c. coral reefs.
b. bodies of water.
d. igneous intrusions.
7. Extrusive rocks are generally more ____.
a. coarsely grained
c. radioactive
b. finely grained
d. magnetic
8. What results when rocks come in contact with molten rocks such as those in an igneous intrusion?
a. precipitation
c. contact metamorphism
b. regional
d. hydrothermal metamorphism
9. Metamorphic rocks that lack mineral grains with long axes oriented in one direction are described as
a. marble-like.
c. foliated.
b. quartzite-like.
d. nonfoliated.
10. What type of sedimentary rock is coarse-grained with angular fragments?
a. foliates
c. conglomerates
b. nonfoliates
d. breccias
11. What type of bedding has the heaviest and coarsest material is on the bottom?
a. graded
c. cementation
b. clastic
d. metamorphic
12. Igneous rocks that cool quickly on Earth’s surface are ____.
a. extrusive
c. metamorphic
b. intrusive
d. always magnetic
13. Metamorphic rocks in which the long axes of their minerals are perpendicular to the pressure that altered them
are described as
a. marble-like.
c. foliated.
b. quartzite-like.
d. nonfoliated.
14. Igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath Earth’s crust are ____.
a. extrusive
c. sedimentary
b. intrusive
d. always magnetic
____ 15. The metamorphism of limestone results in the formation of ____.
a. quartzite
c. gneiss
b. marble
d. silver
Completion
Complete each statement.
16. A(n) ____________________ is a vein of extremely large-grained minerals.
17. The physical and chemical process called ____________________ transforms sediments into sedimentary
rocks.
18. The primary feature of sedimentary rocks is horizontal layering called ____________________.
19. During ____________________, minerals remain chemically unchanged, and rock fragments simply break
off of the solid rock along fractures or grain boundaries.
20. The percentage of open spaces between mineral grains in clastic rocks is its ____________________.
21. Rock formed from the crystallization of magma is called _________________________.
22. An igneous rock that has grains of two different sizes has ____________________ texture.
23. When sediment is moved into small ridges by wind or wave action, ____________________ can form.
24. During ____________________, the minerals in a rock are dissolved or otherwise chemically changed.
25. Many sedimentary rocks contain ____________________, the preserved remains, impressions, or any other
evidence of once-living organisms.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Extrusive rock
e. Mafic rock
b. Intrusive rock
f. Porphyritic texture
c. Felsic rock
g. Pegmatite
d. Intermediate rock
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26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Large and small crystals in same rock
50/50 with moderate silica content
Light color with high silica content
Coarse-grained
Fine-grained, glassy
Dark color with low silica content; high iron/magnesium content
Vein of extremely large-grained minerals
Short Answer
33. A group of igneous rocks are found. The rocks all have very low silica contents. Based on this characteristic
alone, to what group of igneous rocks do these rocks likely belong?
34. What causes the difference in grain size between intrusive igneous rocks and extrusive Igneous rocks?
Compare and contrast each pair of related terms or phrases.
35. magma, lava
36. felsic, mafic
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37. intrusive igneous rock, extrusive igneous rock
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38. Label A, B, and C as igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, or metamorphic rocks.
A. ____________________
B. ____________________
C. ____________________