Chapter 5-Section 1
Taxation Without Representation
 British King is taxing the 13 colonies, because the king is in debt (money
problems) from the French and Indian War.
Sugar Act
 Tax on molasses (thick, dark syrup)
Stamp Act
 Taxed printed goods (newspapers, playing cards, wills, pamphlets)

All printed goods needed to be stamped to show that the people paid the tax
This was the stamp that had to be put
on every newspaper and other printed
items
Townshend Acts
 Taxed all imported goods (goods that come into the colonies)
 Imports= glass, tea, paper and lead
Colonists Protest Taxes:
 Boycott taxed goods (don’t buy the goods)




Tar & Feather tax collectors
Burn effigies (dolls that look like tax collectors)
Sons of Liberty Formed (protest group)
Stamp Act Congress was created (wrote a letter to the king)
Chapter 5-Section 2
Trouble in Boston
 King sent soldiers to stay in the colonies

Colonists hated soldiers because they were rude, stole jobs, and took things from
them.
Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770)
 Colonists started calling soldiers names
 Colonists threw stones, sticks, and snowballs at soldiers

One soldier got knocked down and shots rang out

5 colonists died including Crispus Attucks
Boston Tea Party
 Members of the Sons of Liberty dressed up like Mohawk Indians
 They threw 342 chests of British Tea into Boston Harbor

They were protesting the taxes on tea
King’s Reaction
 King was very angry about tea party, so he punished Boston!!!
 King passed the Coercive Acts (also called INTOLERABLE ACTS)
-Boston Harbor was closed
-No town meetings could take place
-Boston people had to let soldiers stay in their homes
Chapter 5 Section 3
Continental Congress
 55 very famous colonists went to Philidelphia and became a part of the
congress

Members= George Washington, John Adams, Patrick Henry
Decisions of the Congress
 Told Colonists to BOYCOTT all British goods
 Colonies could not ship anything to Britain; not receive anything from Britain
 Told every colony to form a militia (groups of soldiers)
Battle of Lexington (1st Battle of War)
BRITISH WIN
 Dr. Joseph Warren (spy) told Paul Revere that
British were moving
 Revere and William Dawes warned the people at
Lexington
 April 19, 1775- Hundreds of Redcoats vs. 70
colonial minutemen
 8 minutemen died; the rest ran away
 the British Kept marching----want to get to
Concord
Battle of Concord (2nd Battle of War)
COLONISTS WIN
 Still April 19, 1775—British get to Concord
 They find SOME ammunition (colonists had
moved most of it!!!!!)
 They start marching back to Boston
 Colonists launch a SURPRISE ATTACK—kill
73 & wound 174 Redcoats
Battle of Bunker Hill –June 16, 1775
BRITISH WIN
 Fight takes place on Breed’s Hill; supplies stored
by Bunker Hill
 Colonists on top of hill and the British have to
charge up hill
 British are forced down hill 3 times, but colonist
ran out of ammo
 Colonists had to run away, but they
killed/wounded 1,000 redcoats
Choosing Sides
 Loyalists =colonists that are loyal to the king; help the redcoats

Patriots =hate the king; fight for independence
Chapter 5- section 4
2nd Contitental Congress
 Didn’t plan on declaring independence; wanted to create peace with king
 Created Contintal Army (leader =Washington)
Olive Branch Petition
 Congress sent this letter to the king; they want
peace
 King throws the letter away
 King hires 30,000 German mercenaries (troops)
Thomas Paine
 Wrote Common Sense (pamphlet)
 Tells Colonists to declare independence
Declaration of Independence
 Thomas Jefferson wrote it
 IT is approved on July 4, 1776 (Independence
Day!!!)
 4 parts
1. Preamble (introduction)
2. colonists rights
3. Colonists complaints
4. declaration of independence
Chapter 6 Notes
British
Troops/
Redcoats
Colonists/
Patriots
Advantages Disadvantages
 larger
 far from
population
home &
supplies
 strong navy
 well trained  don’t know
the land well
army
 they hire
 wealthy
soldiers
 help from
(mercenaries
loyalists
) who don’t
 Africanhave a stake
Americans
in the war
Helped!
 fight on their
own land
 want to
protect their
homes
 good leader
(Washington)
 weak navy
 disorganized
army
 short on
supplies
 volunteer
soldiers/ not
well trained


Loyalist- colonists that are loyal to the king; don’t want to fight the British
Patriot—colonists that hate the king and want to fight the British
Important Battles
Battle of Trenton
 Washington and the Patriots surprise attack the British on morning after
Christmas
 Patriots win!!
Battle of Saratoga
 Patriots Win!!
 After this victory, France, Germany, and Spain help the Patriots!
Battle of Trenton
 Washington and the Patriots surprise attack
the British on morning after Christmas
 Patriots win!!
Battle of Yorktown
 Final battle of the war
 British surrender
 Colonies win their independence from
Britain.
Independence
 The Treaty of Paris ended the war
between Britain and the Colonists
 The treaty said:
1. The American’s land stretched from
the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi
River
2. The Redcoats HAVE to leave the
colonies!!!!
3. Americans have to repay the king