1.
a.
b.
c.
Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about chromosomes.
Sex cells have the same number of chromosomes as body cells have.
The chromosomes in body cells are in pairs.
The chromosomes carry genes from parents to offspring.
2. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about what Sutton observed about
chromosome number:
a. Grasshopper sex cells have half the number of chromosomes as body cells.
b. Grasshopper body cells have half the number of chromosomes as sex cells.
c. Grasshopper body cells and sex cells have the same number of chromosomes.
d. When grasshopper sex cells join, the fertilized egg has the same number of
chromosomes as the body cells of the parents.
3. A male parent is heterozygous for a trait, Tt. What alleles for the trait
could the sperm cells have? Circle the letter of the correct answer.
a. All sperm cells would have T.
b. All sperm cells would have t.
c. The sperm cells could have T or t.
4. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the DNA code.
a. Chromosomes are made mostly of DNA.
b. A gene has specific order of amino acid.
c. Proteins help determine the traits of a living thing.
5. What does a group of three DNA bases code for?
a. gene
b. amino acid
c. chromosome
6. Circle the letter of what may happen when chromosomes do not separate
correctly during meiosis.
a. An extra base is added to DNA.
b. The wrong base is added to DNA.
c. A cell might have too many chromosomes
a.
b.
c.
d.
7. If the body cells of an organism have 10 chromosomes, then the sex cells
produced during meiosis would have
5 chromosomes
10 chromosomes
15 chromosomes
20 chromosomes
8. During protein synthesis, messenger RNA
a. links one amino acid to another
b. releases the completed protein chain
c. provides a code from DNA in the nucleus
d. carries amino acids to the ribosome
a.
b.
c.
d.
9. Which of the following is the first step in the formation of sex cells in an
organism that has eight chromosomes?
The two chromatids of each chromosome separate.
Chromosome pairs line up next to each other in the center of the cell.
The DNA in the eight chromosomes is copied
The chromatids move apart, producing cells with four chromosomes each
a.
b.
c.
d.
10. A section of DNA has the base sequence GCTTAA. What is the
corresponding messenger RNA base sequence?
GCTTAA
CGAAUU
CGAATT
UUTTCG
a.
b.
c.
d.
11. Which of the following is the first event in the process of protein
synthesis?
Messenger RNA enters the cytoplasm and attaches to a ribosome.
The coded message in DNA is copied when a molecule of messenger RNA is
formed.
The protein chain grows until a stop code is reached.
Transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids attach to messenger RNA.
12. Circle the letter of the last step in protein synthesis.
a. Transfer RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome.
b. The protein chain grows longer as each transfer RNA molecule adds an amino
acid.
c. Messenger RNA enters the cytoplasm and attaches to a ribosome.
d. DNA “unzips” to direct the production of a strand of messenger RNA.
13. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about genes, chromosomes,
and proteins.
a. Genes control the production of proteins in an organism’s cells.
b. Proteins help determine the size, shape, and other traits of an organism.
c. Chromosomes are made up mostly of proteins.
d. A single gene on a chromosome contains only one pair of nitrogen bases.
Fill in the blank from the word bank: meiosis, ribosomes, variety, chromosome,
helpful, protein, environment, genes,
14. Genes are located on ___________________.
15. Each chromosome in a pair has the same ___________________.
16. The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to
form sex cells is called _______________________.
17. A Punnett square is a shorthand way to show the events that occur during
_________________.
18. During protein synthesis, the cell uses information from a
________________ on a chromosome to produce a specific
____________.
19. Proteins are made on _______________ in the cytoplasm of the cell.
20. Mutations can be a source of _______________.
21. Mutations that are __________________ improve an organism’s chances
for survival and reproduction.
22. Whether a mutation is harmful or helpful depends partly on an organism’s
___________________.
Label the following sentences as true or false:
23. Each transfer RNA molecule picks of one kind of protein.
24. Mutations in body cells are passed to the offspring
25. In a chromosome pair, the alleles for some genes might be different.
26. Proteins are made in the nucleus in structure called ribosomes
27. All mutations are harmful.
28. During meiosis, the two alleles for each gene stay together.
29. A DNA molecule is made up 4 nitrogen bases. Name them:
Match the event with the corresponding stage of meiosis: Beginning, Meiosis
1, Meiosis 2, and End.
30. __________________ The double-stranded chromosomes move to the
center of the cell. The centromeres separate.
31. __________________ Two cells from, each with half the number of
chromosomes. Each chromosome still has two chromatids.
32. __________________ Four sex cells form with half the number of
chromosomes as the parental cells.
33. __________________ The chromosomes are copied.