Biological Sciences Year 8 Cells – Cell Functions Biological sciences: Multi-cellular organisms contain systems of organs that carry out specialised functions that enable them to survive and reproduce (ACSSU150) Science as Human Endeavour Scientific knowledge changes with new evidence. Scientific discoveries have changed people’s understanding of the world (ACSHE134) Science knowledge can develop through collaboration and connecting ideas across the disciplines of science(ACSHE226) Science and technology contribute to solutions to issues. They may impact on society and involve ethical considerations (ACSHE135) Science understanding influences the development of: industry, agriculture and marine and terrestrial resource management (ACSHE136) People use understanding and skills from across the disciplines of science in their occupations (ACSHE227) Scientific Inquiry Processes Identify questions and problems and make predications that can be investigated scientifically. (ACSIS139) Plan and conduct a range of investigation types, including fieldwork and experiments, ensuring safety and ethical guidelines. (ACSIS140) In fair tests, measure and control variables, and select equipment to collect data with accuracy appropriate to the task (ACSIS141) Construct and use a range of representations, including graphs, keys and models to represent and analyse patterns. (ACSIS144) Summarise data, and use scientific understanding to identify relationships and draw conclusions(ACSIS145) Evaluate the method used to investigate a question or solve a problem, including: the quality of the data. Identify improvements (ACSIS146) Use scientific knowledge and findings from investigations to evaluate claims. (ACSIS234) Communicate ideas, findings and solutions to problems using scientific language and representations using digital technologies (ACSIS148) Knowledge and Understandings Cell Functions The cells that make up organisms can be of many different types. Cells of the same type are usually found grouped together to form tissue. A tissue is a group of similar cells that are organised together to do a particular job in the body. For example, humans have muscle tissue, skin tissue, nerve tissue, etc. An organ is a group of different tissues that work together to perform a specific task. For example the stomach is an organ consisting of muscle tissue to churn the food, gland tissue to produce chemicals to break food down and connective tissues that form the stomach lining and hold the contents together. Cells carry out all the processes that an organism needs to survive. Different types of cells have different functions. For example, in humans cells are responsible for converting atmospheric oxygen into a usable form (respiration), producing chemicals to aid in the digestion of food, removing waste materials from the body, making useful substances such as skin, hair, blood and bone, fighting disease, contracting muscles, growth through cell division as well as many other things. In plants, photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of the cells. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food. All living things can trace their food sources back to the food made by plants when they photosynthesize. In fact, everything a living thing does is a result of the activities of its cells. Learning Program Cell Functions Purpose: Students learn that there are different types of cells that make up the different types of tissues and organs. Inform: Brainstorm the different types of cells that occur in multi-cellular organisms and the functions that these cells are responsible for. Link the jobs the cells do with the survival needs of living things. Write down definitions for the terms “tissue”, “organ” and “system” in relation to living organisms. Discuss the similarities and differences between tissues, organs and systems. List as many types of tissues, organs and systems as you can in the human body. Cell Function Quiz Activity: Students take the Cell Function quiz to go over what they have learnt about cell functions. Apply: Cell Function and Structure Quiz Activity: Another quiz to reiterate what the students have learnt. Cell Structure and Function Crossword Activity: Students review what they have learnt about cell structure and function. Evaluate: Stem cells are cells that convert into different types to form different tissues during the growth of a foetus. Ask students to write a persuasive text that argues for or against the practice of stem cell research. This could also be the basis of a classroom debate. © Education Research Solutions T: 1300 669 810 E: contactus@educationresearch.com.au W: www.educationresearch.com.au This is an ERS plan and is NOT endorsed by ACARA. Green font is ACARA sourced materials. Go to: http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au Assessment Tasks Cell function quiz. Debate or persuasive text on the ethics of stem cell research. Standards http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/Science/Curriculum/F-10?y=8&s=SU&s=HE&s=IS&layout=1 Teacher Resources IWB T Cells Information on cell structure and the history of cell discovery Cellupedia A comprehensive guide to cell biology. Student Resources IWB S Cells Alive Student friendly information site with activities about cells (viruses, bacteria, etc). Biology 4 Kids: Cells info and quiz Cell Structures and Functions: Pictures and descriptions of common organelles. © Education Research Solutions T: 1300 669 810 E: contactus@educationresearch.com.au W: www.educationresearch.com.au This is an ERS plan and is NOT endorsed by ACARA. Green font is ACARA sourced materials. Go to: http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au Lesson Planner Lesson Teacher Notes Student Activities Resources Title: 1 Date Time Title: 2 Date Time Title: 3 Date Time Title: 4 Date Time Title: 5 Date Time © Education Research Solutions T: 1300 669 810 E: contactus@educationresearch.com.au W: www.educationresearch.com.au This is an ERS plan and is NOT endorsed by ACARA. Green font is ACARA sourced materials. Go to: http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au