PHARMACOLOGY 2008 / COCAINE 2008 / ALCOHOL 2008 <152>
Database
EMBASE
Accession Number
2008571958
Authors
Suh J.J. Pettinati H.M. Kampman K.M. O'Brien C.P.
Institution
(Suh, Pettinati, Kampman, O'Brien) Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of
Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
(Suh, Kampman, O'Brien) Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
(Suh) Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Chestnut St,
Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Gender differences in predictors of treatment attrition with high dose naltrexone in
cocaine and alcohol dependence.
Source
American Journal on Addictions. 17(6)(pp 463-468), 2008. Date of Publication: November
2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Recently, we reported that naltrexone at 150 mg/day significantly decreased cocaine and
alcohol use for men but not women with co-occurring cocaine and alcohol dependence. The
present study is an exploratory investigation of predictors that explain the different gender
responses to naltrexone, with a particular focus on differential predictors of treatment attrition.
No significant predictors were associated with treatment discontinuation in men. Women,
however, were more likely to discontinue treatment when reporting severe pre-treatment
psychiatric problems or nausea while in treatment. Further research on the impact of pretreatment and in-treatment gender differences with naltrexone is warranted. Copyright
copyright American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
ISSN 1055-0496
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name American Journal on Addictions
Volume 17
Issue Part 6
Page 463-468
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication November 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <160>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008569548
Authors Tcheremissine O.V.
Institution
(Tcheremissine) Carolinas HealthCare System-Behavioral Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, 501 Billingsley
Road, Charlotte, NC, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Is quetiapine a drug of abuse? Reexamining the issue of addiction.
Source
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 7(6)(pp 739-748), 2008. Date of Publication: November
2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Background: The abuse and diversion of pharmacological agents with CNS mechanisms of
action is an important concern from governmental, regulatory, public health and safety
perspectives. In recent years, there have been an increased number of reports concerning
the abuse and diversion of quetiapine in forensic population and in individuals with histories of
substance abuse. Objective: To better understand this surging pattern the available body of
evidence was critically examined. Methods: A literature search from January 1991 to July
2008 restricting papers to English and using PUBMED and Psychinfo was performed.
Results: Nine papers were identified. The content of these papers is discussed in light of
recent research on drug abuse. copyright 2008 Informa UK Ltd.
ISSN 1474-0338
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
Volume 7
Issue Part 6
Page 739-748
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication November 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <172>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008541822
Authors Bambico F.R. Gobbi G.
Institution
(Bambico, Gobbi) McGill University, Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Research/Training
Building, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada.
(Gobbi) Universite de Montreal, Centre de Recherche Fernand Seguin, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, QC,
Canada.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
The cannabinoid CB1 receptor and the endocannabinoid anandamide: Possible
antidepressant targets.
Source
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets. 12(11)(pp 1347-1366), 2008. Date of Publication:
November 2008.
Publisher
Informa Healthcare
Abstract
Background: Major depression has the highest rate of prevalence and incidence of morbidity
among all mental disorders. The limited efficacies of current antidepressant treatments
necessitate the development of alternative pharmacotherapies. Recent preclinical findings
suggesting that cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists and endocannabinoid enhancers possess
antidepressant-like properties, and clinical evidence that the CB1 antagonist rimonabant
increases the risk of depression and suicidality, support the notion that the endocannabinoid
system represents a novel target in the treatment of mood disorders. Objective/methods: To
compare the mechanism of endocannabinoid enhancers and CB1 agonists with current
antidepressants and provide a rationale for a role of the endocannabinoid system in the
pathology and treatment of mood disorders. Results/conclusion: CB1 agonists and fatty acid
amide hdyrolase (FAAH) inhibitors share mechanisms with other antidepressants: the ability
to enhance central serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission and promote neurogenesis in
the hippocampus. FAAH inhibitors, compared with direct CB1 agonists, exhibit distinct
pharmacological properties that quell adverse cannabinoid effects and widen the therapeutic
window. Since the endocannabinoid system also plays a role in peripheral functions, side
effects need to be addressed. copyright 2008 Informa UK Ltd.
ISSN 1472-8222
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets
Volume 12
Issue Part 11
Page 1347-1366
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication November 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <212>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008484596
Authors Arendt J. Rajaratnam S.M.W.
Institution
(Arendt) Centre for Chronobiology, School of Biomedical and Motecular sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford,
United Kingdom.
(Rajaratnam) School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychoogical Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia.
(Arendt) Centre for Chronobiology, School of Biomedical and Molecular sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford,
Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Melatonin and its agonists: An update.
Source
British Journal of Psychiatry. 193(4)(pp 267-269), 2008. Date of Publication: October 2008.
Publisher
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Abstract
The pineal hormone melatonin is able to shift the timing of circadian rhythms, including the
sleep-wake cycle, and to promote sleep. Melatonin agonists with similar properties have
therapeutic potential for the treatment of circadian rhythm sleep disorders. Depression is
specifically targeted by agomelatine, which is also a serotonin-2C (5-HT2C) antagonist.
ISSN 0007-1250
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name British Journal of Psychiatry
Volume 193
Issue Part 4
Page 267-269
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication October 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <213>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008464074
Authors Jenkins T.A.
Institution
(Jenkins) Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
British Association for psychopharmacology - 2008 summer meeting.
Source
IDrugs. 11(10)(pp 720-723), 2008. Date of Publication: October 2008.
Publisher
Thomson Scientific Ltd.
Abstract
Each year, the BAP Summer Meeting brings together preclinical and clinical researchers to
discuss the pharmacology of psychosis. The discussions this year indicated that as the
understanding of schizophrenia, affective disorders and addiction is furthered, investigators
must recognize that these illnesses are not a homogeneous array of symptoms, that
environmental and genetic factors need to be considered, and that patients respond to
treatments variably. Of note is the understanding that cognitive dysfunction is not only a side
effect of psychosis, but is a debilitating symptom, and one for which treatment options are
scarce. copyright The Thomson Corporation.
ISSN 1369-7056
Publication Type Journal: Conference Paper
Journal Name IDrugs
Volume 11
Issue Part 10
Page 720-723
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication October 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <325>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008385610
Authors Kotzalidis G.D. De Pisa E. Patrizi B. Savoja V. Ruberto G. Girardi P.
Institution
(Kotzalidis) Department of Neurosciences, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
(De Pisa) Psychiatry Unit, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
(Patrizi) Department of Neurosciences, 2nd Medical School, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
(Savoja) Psychiatry Unit, Sapienza University, 2nd Medical School, Rome, Italy.
(Ruberto) Department of Neurosciences, Sapienza University, 2nd Medical School, Rome, Italy.
(Girardi) Psychiatry Unit, 2nd Medical School, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
(Kotzalidis) Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Unit, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039,
00189 Rome, Italy.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Similar discontinuation symptoms for withdrawal from medium-dose paroxetine and
venlafaxine after nine years in the same patient.
Source
Journal of Psychopharmacology. 22(5)(pp 581-584), 2008. Date of Publication: July 2008.
Publisher
SAGE Publications Ltd
Abstract
A woman who had developed a discontinuation syndrome nine years ago with paroxetine
tapered from 10 to 5 mg/day represented the same syndrome recently when she occasionally
missed her 75 mg q 12 h venlafaxine doses. The symptoms, comprising agitation, numbness,
pricking sensations, sweating, difficulty concentrating, weakness, derealisation and perceived
xerophthalmia, immediately subside upon drug dose reinstitution. The patient had used
cannabis irregularly before the onset of pauci-symptomatic panic attacks, but none of her
panic symptoms were present in her withdrawal symptomatology. Some symptoms waxed
and waned during the withdrawal period. The syndrome is compatible with both hyper- and
hypoactivity of the central serotonergic system. copyright 2008 British Association for
Psychopharmacology.
ISSN 0269-8811
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Journal of Psychopharmacology
Volume 22
Issue Part 5
Page 581-584
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication July 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <463>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008266426
Authors Heading C.E.
Institution
(Heading) Faculty of Science, Open University in the North, Eldon House Regent Centre, Gosforth, Newcastle upon
Tyne, NE3 3PW, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Gender issues and the pharmacotherapy of substance abuse.
Source
IDrugs. 11(6)(pp 428-432), 2008. Date of Publication: Jun 2008.
Abstract
In the last 25 years, the different disciplines and professions that are involved in managing
the issue of substance abuse have recognized that gender-linked factors influence patterns of
substance abuse and response to treatment. In 2007, the US National Institute on Drug
Abuse (NIDA) concluded that studies of substance abuse should routinely address gender
issues. In the field of drug development, gender issues historically have not been an issue of
high priority. By outlining the types of evidence that underpin the view of the NIDA and
providing evidence of the widespread existence of gender-linked effects from
pharmacotherapies (both those marketed and under development), this feature review
proposes that drug developers should embrace the opinion of the NIDA regarding gender and
substance abuse. To avoid false conclusions, the issue of gender should become a higher
priority during the collection and analysis of data on pharmacotherapies. Some gender
differences will have more clinical significance than others, but any difference related to
gender has the potential to complicate clinical trials and other studies. copyright The
Thomson Corporation.
ISSN 1369-7056
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name IDrugs
Volume 11
Issue Part 6
Page 428-432
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Jun 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <490>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008304578
Authors Pather S.I. Rathbone M.J. Senel S.
Institution
(Pather) Department of Pharmaceutics, California Northstate College of Pharmacy, 10811 International Drive,
Rancho Cordova, CA 95670, United States.
(Rathbone) InterAg, 558 Te Rapa Road, Hamilton, New Zealand.
(Senel) Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara,
Turkey.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Current status and the future of buccal drug delivery systems.
Source
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery. 5(5)(pp 531-542), 2008. Date of Publication: May 2008.
Abstract
Background: The delivery of drugs through the buccal mucosa has received a great deal of
attention over the last two decades, and yet there are not many buccal delivery products
available on the market. Objective: This review outlines the advantages and disadvantages of
buccal drug delivery, provides a historical perspective and discusses representative
developmental and marketed drugs. Methods: The structure of the oral mucosa is briefly
described to preface a description of the pathways for drug absorption and a critical
discussion of permeation experiments. A brief historical perspective followed by a description
of some of the currently marketed products provides a picture of where we are today. An
indication is given of likely progress in this area and of the attributes of a successful business
entity of the future. Conclusion: The authors provide an assessment of the future potential of
buccal and sublingual drugs. copyright 2008 Informa UK Ltd.
ISSN 1742-5247
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
Volume 5
Issue Part 5
Page 531-542
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication May 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <511>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008233554
Authors McGregor I.S. Callaghan P.D. Hunt G.E.
Institution
(McGregor, Callaghan) School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
(Hunt) Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
(McGregor) School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
From ultrasocial to antisocial: A role for oxytocin in the acute reinforcing effects and
long-term adverse consequences of drug use?
Source
British Journal of Pharmacology. 154(2)(pp 358-368), 2008. Date of Publication: May 2008.
Abstract
Addictive drugs can profoundly affect social behaviour both acutely and in the long-term.
Effects range from the artificial sociability imbued by various intoxicating agents to the
depressed and socially withdrawn state frequently observed in chronic drug users.
Understanding such effects is of great potential significance in addiction neurobiology. In this
review we focus on the 'social neuropeptide' oxytocin and its possible role in acute and longterm effects of commonly used drugs. Oxytocin regulates social affiliation and social
recognition in many species and modulates anxiety, mood and aggression. Recent evidence
suggests that popular party drugs such as MDMA and gamma- hydroxybutyrate (GHB) may
preferentially activate brain oxytocin systems to produce their characteristic prosocial and
prosexual effects. Oxytocin interacts with the mesolimbic dopamine system to facilitate sexual
and social behaviour, and this oxytocin-dopamine interaction may also influence the
acquisition and expression of drug-seeking behaviour. An increasing body of evidence from
animal models suggests that even brief exposure to drugs such as MDMA, cannabinoids,
methamphetamine and phencyclidine can cause long lasting deficits in social behaviour. We
discuss preliminary evidence that these adverse effects may reflect long-term
neuroadaptations in brain oxytocin systems. Laboratory studies and preliminary clinical
studies also indicate that raising brain oxytocin levels may ameliorate acute drug withdrawal
symptoms. It is concluded that oxytocin may play an important, yet largely unexplored, role in
drug addiction. Greater understanding of this role may ultimately lead to novel therapeutics for
addiction that can improve mood and facilitate the recovery of persons with drug use
disorders. copyright 2008 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved.
ISSN 0007-1188
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name British Journal of Pharmacology
Volume 154
Issue Part 2
Page 358-368
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication May 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <513>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008233549
Authors Nutt D. Lingford-Hughes A.
Institution
(Nutt, Lingford-Hughes) Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
(Nutt) Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitsun Street, Bristol, United
Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Addiction: The clinical interface.
Source
British Journal of Pharmacology. 154(2)(pp 397-405), 2008. Date of Publication: May 2008.
Abstract
This review gives an overview of what we see as the key issues in the human pharmacology
of drugs of addiction. We review evidence of efficacy and mechanisms by which treatments
act and point out areas where further work is needed. The role of agonist, partial agonist and
antagonist treatments for opioid addiction is detailed and current issues relating to the
mechanisms of actions at the receptor level and how to improve on compliance are
discussed. The role of the brain dopamine and GABA-A systems in drug dependence is
considered in relation to the growing pharmacology of these receptor systems, and the
current status of novel preclinical targets reviewed. In addition, the different roles of dynamic
and kinetic factors in both addiction and its treatment are discussed in relation to the
underlying neuropharmacology of the disorders as defined from human and preclinical
studies. Finally, some pointers to future research and especially to drug development by
pharma are elaborated. copyright 2008 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved.
ISSN 0007-1188
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name British Journal of Pharmacology
Volume 154
Issue Part 2
Page 397-405
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication May 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <591>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008194469
Authors Frudakis T.N.
Institution
(Frudakis) DNAPrint Genomics Inc., 1621 West University Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34243-2732, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
DNAPrint Genomics, Inc.: Better drugs for segmented markets.
Source
Pharmacogenomics. 9(2)(pp 247-251), 2008. Date of Publication: Feb 2008.
Abstract
The postgenome era promises more efficient drug-development cycles and medications
targeted to compatible populations, resulting in improved outcomes, fewer drug-company
failures, less litigation, fewer recalls and a refurbished image of 'pharma' in the mind of the
customer. DNAPrint was founded to help precipitate these changes. Since 1999, we have
developed and optimized novel methods for assessing patient response proclivities as
individuals but also as constituents of populations, and we have introduced a computational
platform for modeling drug biology. We expect these tools will allow us to maximize the
efficiency of our clinical trials and, more importantly, ensure better postmarket performance
parameters. With these tools, we are now carefully engineering select drug-ddvelopment
projects in an attempt to illustrate the viability of a novel drug-development model - one based
on the application of intelligence and new technologies for superior drug performance in
segmented markets. copyright 2008 Future Medicine Ltd.
ISSN 1462-2416
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Pharmacogenomics
Volume 9
Issue Part 2
Page 247-251
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Feb 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <636>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number
2008119689
Authors
Beune E.J.A.J. Haafkens J.A. Agyemang C. Schuster J.S. Willems D.L.
Institution
(Beune, Haafkens, Willems) Department of General Practice, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, Netherlands.
(Agyemang, Schuster) Department of Social Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,
Amsterdam, Netherlands.
(Beune) Department of General Practice, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15,
1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
How Ghanaian, African-Surinamese and Dutch patients perceive and manage
antihypertensive drug treatment: A qualitative study.
Source
Journal of Hypertension. 26(4)(pp 648-656), 2008. Date of Publication: Apr 2008.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To explore and compare how Ghanaian, African-Surinamese (Surinamese),
and White-Dutch patients perceive and manage antihypertensive drug treatment in
Amsterdam, the Netherlands. METHODS: Qualitative study was conducted using detailed
interviews with a purposive sample of 46 hypertensive patients without comorbidity who were
prescribed antihypertensives. RESULTS: Patients in all the ethnic groups actively decided
how to manage their prescribed antihypertensive regimens. In all the groups, confidence in
the doctor and beneficial effects of medication were reasons for taking prescribed
antihypertensive dosage. Particularly, ethnic-minority patients reported lowering or leaving off
the prescribed medication dosage. Explanations for altering prescribed dosage comprised
disliking chemical medications, fear of side effects and preference for alternative treatment.
Surinamese and Ghanaian men also worried about the negative effects of antihypertensives
on their sexual performance. Some Ghanaians mentioned fear of addiction or lack of money
as explanations for altering prescribed dosage. Surinamese and Ghanaians often
discontinued medication when visiting their homeland. Some respondents from all ethnic
groups preferred natural treatments although treatment type varied. CONCLUSION: Patients'
explanations for their decisions regarding the use of antihypertensives are often influenced by
sociocultural issues and in ethnic-minority groups also by migration-related issues. Selfalteration of prescribed medication among Surinamese and Ghanaians may contribute to the
low blood pressure (BP) control rate and high rate of malignant hypertension reported among
these populations in the Netherlands. This study provides new information, which can help
clinicians to understand how patients of diverse ethnic populations think about managing
antihypertensive drug treatment and to address ethnic disparities in medication adherence
and BP control. copyright 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
ISSN 0263-6352
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Journal of Hypertension
Volume 26
Issue Part 4
Page 648-656
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication Apr 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <759>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 17959291
Status MEDLINE
Authors Kulkarni SK. Dhir A.
Authors Full Name Kulkarni, S K. Dhir, Ashish.
Institution
Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160 014,
India. skpu@yahoo.com
Title
Withania somnifera: an Indian ginseng. [Review] [81 refs]
Source
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 32(5):1093-105, 2008 Jul
1.
Journal Name
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Withania somnifera, popularly known as Ashwagandha is widely considered as the Indian
ginseng. In Ayurveda, it is classified as a rasayana (rejuvenation) and expected to promote
physical and mental health, rejuvenate the body in debilitated conditions and increase
longevity. Having wide range of activity, it is used to treat almost all disorders that affect the
human health. The present review discusses the pharmacological basis of the use of W.
somnifera in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, particularly its indication in
epilepsy, stress and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's
disorders, tardive dyskinesia, cerebral ischemia, and even in the management of drug
addiction. [References: 81]
ISSN Print 0278-5846
Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Review.
Date of Publication 2008 Jul 1
Year of Publication 2008
Issue/Part 5
Volume 32
Page 1093-105
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <666>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008102721
Authors Vega D. Maalouf N.M. Sakhaee K.
Institution
(Vega, Maalouf, Sakhaee) University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine,
Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX
75390-8885, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Increased propensity for calcium phosphate kidney stones with topiramate use.
Source
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 6(5)(pp 547-557), 2007. Date of Publication: Sep 2007.
Abstract
Topiramate (TPM) is a neuromodulatory agent that was initially approved as an antiepileptic
drug and is increasingly used in the treatment of a number of neurological and metabolic
disorders. Among its various pharmacological actions, TPM has been shown to inhibit the
activity of specific carbonic anhydrase enzymes in the kidney. This action is associated with
the development of metabolic acidosis, hypocitraturia, hypercalciuria and elevated urine pH,
leading to an increased risk of kidney stone disease. Despite the cautionary note in the
package insert of TPM, the extent of these complications has not been fully explored. Few
prescribing physicians are aware of these complications, underscoring the need for improved
surveillance. Because the drug is among the most frequently prescribed agents in the US,
more controlled studies are required to determine the prevalence of kidney stone disease
among TPM users, and the optimal approach to prevent and treat nephrolithiasis in these
individuals. copyright 2007 Informa UK Ltd.
ISSN 1474-0338
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
Volume 6
Issue Part 5
Page 547-557
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Sep 2007
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <674>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2008068065
Authors Modelon H. Frauger E. Laurenceau D. Thirion X. Mallaret M. Micallef J.
Institution
(Modelon, Frauger, Laurenceau, Micallef) CEIP de Marseille (PACA-Corse, Centre Associe), Federation de
Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, CHU Timone, Marseille, France.
(Thirion) CEIP de Marseille (PACA-Corse, Centre Associe), Laboratoire de Sante Publique, Faculte de Medecine,
Marseille, France.
(Mallaret) CEIP de Grenoble, Pavillon E, CHU, Grenoble, France.
(Micallef) CEIP de Marseille (PACA-Corse, Centre Associe), Federation de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, 264,
rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Psychotropic drug addiction: Consumption study of specific population by the survey
OPPIDUM 2004 from the CEIP network.
Original Title
Abus et dependances aux produits psychoactifs: Etude de consommations a travers
l'enquete OPPIDUM 2004 du reseau des CEIP.
Source
Therapie. 62(4)(pp 337-346), 2007. Date of Publication: Jul 2007.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of psychotropic drug use and
abuse by drugs addicts. The results are based on data from OPPIDUM (Observation des
Produits Psychotropes Illicites ou Detournes de leur Utilisation Medicamenteuse), an annual
survey primarily concerned with the consumption of licit and illicit drugs. The study involved
3373 patients recruited during October 2004 from 109 health centers. The main trends
observed were an increasing interest for opioid maintenance treatment by methadone versus
buprenorphine high dosage (patients treated by methadone are mainly represented for the
first year of the OPPIDUM program), some changes in illicit drugs uses (increase in sniff and
decrease in intravenous injection) and changes in the grading of the most consumpted
benzodiazepines (decrease in flunitrazepam consumption and increase in clonazepam
consumption). Main warnings concern the buprenorphine illicit use leading to firstly
dependence and the illicit use of some benzodiazepines, especially clonazepam. copyright
2007 Societe Francaise de Pharmacologie et de Therapeutique.
ISSN 0040-5957
Publication Type Journal: Conference Paper
Journal Name Therapie
Volume 62
Issue Part 4
Page 337-346
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Jul 2007
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <231>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2009040542
Authors Montoya I.D. Vocci F.
Institution
(Montoya, Vocci) Division of Pharmacotherapies and Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse, National Institute on
Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-9551, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Novel medications to treat addictive disorders.
Source
Current Psychiatry Reports. 10(5)(pp 392-398), 2008. Date of Publication: 2008.
Publisher
Current Science Ltd
Abstract
Recent discoveries about the effects of drugs of abuse on the brain and the mechanisms of
their addictions; new chemical compounds, including immunotherapies; and new actions of
available medications are offering many opportunities for the discovery and development of
novel medications to treat addictive disorders. Furthermore, advancements in the
understanding of the genetic and epigenetic basis of drug addiction and the
pharmacogenetics of the safety and/or efficacy of the medications are providing opportunities
for more individualized pharmacotherapy approaches. Although multiple medications have
been investigated for treating addictions, only a handful have shown acceptable safety and
efficacy and are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This article reviews the
current medications that are medically safe and have shown promising results for treating
opioid, cocaine, methamphetamine, and cannabis addictions. copyright Current Medicine
Group LLC 2008.
ISSN 1523-3812
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Current Psychiatry Reports
Volume 10
Issue Part 5
Page 392-398
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 2008
PHARMACOLOGY 2008 <237>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2009040540
Authors Gardner E.L.
Institution
(Gardner) National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview
Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Use of animal models to develop antiaddiction medications.
Source
Current Psychiatry Reports. 10(5)(pp 377-384), 2008. Date of Publication: 2008.
Publisher
Current Science Ltd
Abstract
Although addiction is a uniquely human phenomenon, some of its pathognomonic features
can be modeled at the animal level. Such features include the euphoric "high" produced by
acute administration of addictive drugs; the dysphoric "crash" produced by acute withdrawal;
drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors; and relapse to drug-seeking behavior after achieving
successful abstinence. Animal models exist for each of these features. In this review, I focus
on various animal models of addiction and how they can be used to search for clinically
effective antiaddiction medications. I conclude by noting some of the new and novel
medications that have been developed preclinically using such models and the hope for
further developments along such lines. copyright Current Medicine Group LLC 2008.
ISSN 1523-3812
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Current Psychiatry Reports
Volume 10
Issue Part 5
Page 377-384
Year of Publication 2008
Date of Publication 2008