Practice Examination 3.1
I.
The origins of the women's rights movement in the United States may he traced to the
(A) Seneca Falls Convention
(D) temperance movement
(B) Niagara Movement
(E) outbreak of World War I
(C) National Woman's party
2. The economic policy that looked at colonies to provide raw materials, trade, and riches was
called
(A) mercantilism
(B) manifest destiny
(C) gospel of wealth
(D) dollar diplomacy
(E) imperialism
3.
By the end of the 1950s, many saw a growing internal threat to American democracy.
President Dwight Eisenhower in his farewell address warned about the dangers of the
(A) quest for material goods
(B) segregation in the South
(C) worldwide threat of communism
(D) power of the military-industrial complex
(E) decline of family values
4.
The primary goal of France in supporting the American Revolution was to
(A) assist the spread of the Catholic religion
(B) weaken the British Empire
(C) control the fur trade
(D) regain Canada
(E) increase its exports
5.
During the Gilded Age, at the end of the 19th century, the question that received the LEAST
attention from the Democratic and Republican parties was
(A) tariffs
(B) regulation of big business
(C) money, Greenbacks, and silver
(D) agrarian discontent
(E) equality for women and minorities
6.
The Progressive Movement did little to protect the rights of
(A) consumers
(B) African Americans
(C) women
(D) immigrants
(E) city dwellers
7.
Which of the following are examples of legislation enacted under President Wilson's New
Freedom program?
(A) Forest Reserve Act and Platt Amendment
(B) Newlands Act and Pure Food and Drug Act
(C) Underwood Tariff and Federal Reserve Act
(D) Payne-Aldrich Tariff and Teller Amendment
(E) Mann-Elkins Act and Kellogg- Briand Pact
8.
"Small islands not capable of protecting themselves are the proper objects for kingdoms to
take under their care; but there is something very absurd in supposing a continent to he perpetually
governed by an island." These words were written in the 1770s by
(A) William Pitt
(B) Thomas Paine
(C) John Locke
(D) George Washington
(E) Lord North
9.
All of the following actions in the English colonies during the early colonial period suggest a
tendency toward democracy except
(A) Mayflower Compact
(B) Penn's Charter of Privileges
(C) Dominion of New England
(D) Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
(E) Virginia House of Burgesses
10. Of the many reform movements that developed from the 1820s to the Civil War, the one with
the most widespread popular support was concerned with
(A) temperance
(B) mental hospitals
(C) slavery
(D) education
(E) women's rights
11. During the Cold War, United States foreign policy was guided by all of the following
concepts except
(A) containment
(D) flexible response
(B) domino theory
(E) peaceful coexistence
(C) massive retaliation
12. The 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka basically
overturned the earlier decision in
(A) Gideon v. Wainwright
(D) Gibbons v. Ogden
(B) Plessy v. Ferguson
(E) Dred Scott v. Sanford
(C) McCulloch v. Maryland
13. Of the following, the one with the most far-reaching influence on American society's
development in the post World War II period was the
(A) GI Bill
(B) baby boom
(C) Taft-Hartley Act
(D) Fair Deal program
(E) Employment Act
14. Of most significance in the Benjamin West painting of the peace negotiators at the end of the
Revolution, is the
(A) movement away from folk art
(B) exclusion of the French representatives
(C) missing British negotiators, suggesting unresolved problems
(D) absence of women, who were excluded from political decision-making
(E) development of native-born American artists
15. In his interpretations of the Constitution, Chief Justice John Marshall consistently stressed the
importance of
(A) individual rights
(B) balancing state and federal power
(C) establishing judicial review
(D) strict construction
(E) a strong central government
16.
All of the following are associated with the cultural developments of the 1920s except
(A) jazz
(B) romanticism
(C) Harlem renaissance
(D) lost generation
(E) functionalism
17. The most prominent consideration by Presidents Hoover and Roosevelt in their diplomatic
policy in the 1930s was
(A) economics
(D) expansionism
(B) isolationism
(E) support for democracy
(C) Fascist aggression
18. In the first half of the 19th century, Emerson, Thoreau, and others wrote about
transcendentalism, which included all of the following beliefs except that
(A) materialistic concerns should be challenged
(B) the pursuit of wealth was questionable
(C) self-reliance was essential
(D) independent thinking was vital
(E) organized institutions were important
19. The post-World War II civil rights movement used all of the following tactics to achieve
equality except
(A) establishing a third political party
(B) filing lawsuits in federal courts
(C) securing passage of federal equal rights legislation
(D) organizing boycotts
(E) staging sit-ins
20. Of the many New Deal agencies established by President Franklin Roosevelt in response to
the Great Depression, the one that does NOT exist today is the
(A) Tennessee Valley Authority
(B) Civil Works Administration
(C) Federal Housing Administration
(D) Securities and Exchange Commission
(E) Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation
21. The independent farmer as the cornerstone of a strong nation was at the center of government
policy for
(A) John Adams
(B) Alexander Hamilton
(C) Thomas Jefferson
(D) Benjamin Franklin
(E) George Washington
22. The Cold War crisis that brought the United States and the Soviet Union into direct
confrontation with the threat of nuclear war was
(A) placement of Soviet missiles in Cuba
(D) Berlin Wall
(B) U-2 spy plane incident
(E) Bay of Pigs invasion
(C) Berlin airlift
23. With the Revolution of 1800, the Democratic-Republicans and Thomas Jefferson gained
control of the national government from the Federalists and
(A) ended neutrality in foreign policy
(B) repealed excise and whisky taxes
(C) eliminated the National Bank
(D) restructured the Supreme Court
(E) stopped debt repayment
24.
In the 1920s and 1930s, isolationists often cited the words and warnings of
(A) James Madison
(B) James Monroe
(C) George Washington
(D) Theodore Roosevelt
(E) Woodrow Wilson
25. The cartoon clearly satirizes (A) FDR’s plan for the Tennessee Valley (B) The AAA “plow
under” philosophy (C) FDR’s Court proposal (D) the recession of 1938 (E) None of these.
26. "Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute" was the rallying cry by Americans in
response to
(A) German submarine attacks
(D) XYZ Affair
(B) Stamp Act
(E) Barbary pirates
(C) British impressment
27. Which of the following is a correct statement about Abraham Lincoln's primary goal at the
beginning of the Civil War?
(A) emancipate the slaves
(B) ensure federal supremacy over states' rights
(C) maintain Republican party control of Congress
(D) unite the North and the West
(E) restore the Union
28. In the map, which of the land acquisitions by the United States was accompanied by the least
turmoil and controversy?
(A) Gadsden Purchase
(B) Oregon country
(C) Texas
(D) Florida
(E) Mexican Cession
29. When founded, the first political parties, the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, had
clear positions on all of the following issues except
(A) national debt
(B) French Revolution
(C) national bank
(D) tariffs
(E) slavery
30.
During the 1920s, there was a dramatic rise in the membership and influence of the
(A) American Federation of Labor
(B) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
(C) America First Committee
(D) Ku Klux Klan
(E) Socialist party
31. Increased popular interest in religion in America is reflected in all of the following
movements except
(A) fundamentalism
(D) Revivalism
(B) Social Gospel
(E) social Darwinism
(C) Great Awakening
32. The minority group whose economic status and civil rights were diminished during World
War II were
(A) African Americans
(D) Native Americans
(B) Japanese Americans
(E) women
(C) Mexican Americans
33. In the United States, tariffs have long been debated and policies often changed. Which of the
following is an INCORRECT statement of U.S. tariff policy?
(A) 1789, Hamilton's protective tariff
(B) 1816, protective tariffs after the War of 1812
(C) 1828, increases, in "Tariff of Abominations"
(D) 1888, Cleveland's campaign for tariff reduction
(E) 1890, McKinley Tariff reductions
34. After over 150 years, the United States tradition of avoiding "entangling European alliances"
was ended by participation in the
(A) Marshall Plan
(B) United Nations
(C) North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(D) World Bank
(E) occupation of Germany
35. Leading up to the Civil War, all of the following increased tensions between the North and
South except
(A) attack on Senator Charles Sumner
(B) Fugitive Slave Act
(C) Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
(D) rise of the Know-Nothing party
(E) John Brown's raid
36. Which of the following political developments during the age of Jackson did the LEAST to
promote democracy?
(A) party nominating conventions
(B) "kitchen cabinet"
(C) universal manhood suffrage
(D) popular vote for presidential electors
(E) rotation of officeholders and spoils system
37. The early foreign policy of President Franklin Roosevelt was by necessity based on pressing
domestic concerns. This is reflected in his actions regarding all of the following except the
(A) London Economic Conference
(B) recognition of the Soviet Union
(C) reciprocal trade agreements
(D) Philippine independence
(E) Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
38.
Intervention by the United States in Latin American affairs was specifically justified by the
(A) Roosevelt Corollary
(B) Monroe Doctrine
(C) writing of Alfred T. Mahan
(D) moral diplomacy of Woodrow Wilson
(E) Open Door Policy
39.
The war hawks were a group of young congressmen who called for military action against
(A) Mexico in 1914
(B) Spain in 1819
(C) Great Britain in 1812
(D) Germany in 1917
(E) Japan in 1937
40. All of the following were minority presidents, winning the presidency while receiving less
than 50 percent of the total popular vote. Which president won while receiving fewer electoral and
popular votes than one of his opponents?
(A) John Quincy Adams
(B) James Buchanan
(C) Abraham Lincoln
(D) Grover Cleveland
(E) Woodrow Wilson
41. Which of the following sources would be most useful in studying the development of
religious freedom during the colonial period?
(A) Massachusetts Circular Letter
(B) Act of Toleration
(C) Halfway Covenant
(D) Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
(E) John Locke's theory of natural law
42. "It is to he regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their
selfish purposes. In defending the rights of the common people during his first term, President
Andrew Jackson used these words as part of a message regarding the
(A) Bank of the United States charter veto
(B) nullification crisis
(C) Tariff of Abominations
(D) Supreme Court's Indian removal decision
(E) Maysville road veto
43. In Schenck v. United States, the Supreme Court and Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes ruled that
free speech could be limited when it represented a "clear and present danger.' This ruling was made
during
(A) Haymarket Riot period
(B) Red Scare in 1919
(C) Bonus March
(D) World War I
(E) World War II
44. Which of the following was the definitive foreign policy concern of President Woodrow
Wilson, over which he was unwilling to make any compromises?
(A) national self-determination
(B) freedom of the seas
(C) moral diplomacy
(D) Fourteen Points
(E) League of Nations
45.
In facing their many problems at the end of the 19th century, American farmers were aided by
(A) the Republican party
(B) increased tariffs
(C) limits on crop production
(D) government price supports
(E) the Interstate Commerce Act
46. The major philosophical influence on the American leaders for independence from Great
Britain was
(A) Thomas Hobbes' divine-right theory
(B) Plato's Republic
(C) Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations
(D) John Locke's natural rights theory
(E) Thomas Paine's Common Sense
47. The most difficult problem of the depression of the 1930s for President Franklin Roosevelt
and his New Deal to correct was
(A) unemployment
(B) banking practices
(C) stock market speculation
(D) agricultural overproduction
(E) public cynicism and apathy
48. War and expansionism by the United States in the 19th century took land from and caused
lasting resentment in
(A) Canada
(D) Cuba
(B) Mexico
(E) Philippines
(C) Spain
49. Which of the following decisions or actions by President Franklin Roosevelt caused the
greatest controversy and opposition during his presidency?
(A) running for a third term in office
(B) lend-lease program
(C) Supreme Court reorganization plan
(D) bank holiday
(E) Japanese trade embargo
50.
During the first half of the 19th century, the fastest growing influence on the nation was
(A) industrialization
(B) racism
(C) nativism
(D) revivalism
(E) sectionalism
51. "During the early 19th century, the United States economy gradually changed from
agricultural to industrial." Each of the following developments supports this statement except the
(A) growth of the Democratic-Republican party
(B) improvements in transportation
(C) increase in European immigration
(D) incorporation laws
(E) rapid rise in number of patents granted
52.
President Franklin Roosevelt achieved a recognized diplomatic success with his
(A) resolution of the Panay incident
(B) Japanese trade embargo
(C) quarantine speech
(D) cash-and-carry' program
(E) good-neighbor policy in Latin America
53.
During the Civil War, the United States for the first time in its history had
(A) a military draft
(B) women serving in the army
(C) African Americans serving in the army
(D) paper money
(E) excise taxes
54.
Reconstruction after the Civil War ended with the
(A) impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
(B) passage of the 13th, 14th. and 15th constitutional amendments
(C) presidential election of 1876
(D) rise of the Ku Klux Klan
(E) passage of the civil rights act of 1866
55. The economic issue that was LEAST important in the United States between 1968 and 1980
was
(A) a balanced federal budget
(B) growing unemployment
(C) increasing trade deficits
(D) high interest rates
(E) inflation
56.
In the 1950s, American society was criticized for its
(A) declining interest in religion
(B) increasing number of working mothers
(C) intellectualism
(D) conformity and lost individualism
(E) radicalism and violence
57. At the end of the 19th century, Henry Hobson Richardson and his Romanesque style
transformed American
(A) poetry
(B) music
(C) architecture
(D) literature
(E) painting
58. The issue that caused the greatest division in American society during the 1960s and 1970s
was the
(A) environmental movement
(B) sexual revolution
(C) women's movement
(D) New Left
(E) Vietnam War
59.
the
A significant effort to preserve Native American tribal traditions and self-rule was made by
(A) Lewis and Clark Expedition
(B) Dawes Act of 1887
(C) Worcester v. Georgia ruling of Justice John Marshall
(D) Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
(E) "termination policy" of Dwight Eisenhower
60. "We must prove ourselves friends, and champions upon terms of equality and honor. . . . I
mean the development of constitutional liberty in the world. Human rights, national integrity. and
opportunity as against material interests-that, ladies and gentlemen. is the issue which we now have
to change in American foreign policy, came from President
(A) James Monroe
(D) Woodrow Wilson
(B) James Polk
(E) Dwight Eisenhower
(C) William McKinley
61.
the
At the start of the 20th century, the government policy toward Native Americans centered on
(A) reservation system
(B) Social Gospel
(C) development of farming skills
(D) assimilation into mainstream American culture
(E) empowerment of tribal councils
62. Which of the following was the LEAST important in the development of slavery in America?
(A) triangular trade
(B) Mason-Dixon line
(C) cotton gin
(D) western expansion to acquire rich farmlands
(E) racism
63. In antebellum southern society, the people who showed the LEAST support for the institution
of slavery were
(A) upper-class plantation owners
(B) poor whites
(C) city dwellers
(D) mountain people
(E) farmers
64. The Black Power movement and the Black Muslims of the 1960s and 1970s found inspiration
for the ideas of self- help, racial pride, and separatism in the words of
(A) Marcus Garvey
(B) Martin Luther King, Jr.
(C) Booker T. Washington
(D) W. E. B. Du Bois
(E) A. Philip Randolph
65. Justification for the vast differences between the rich and the poor in the late 19th century
could be found in the
(A) Jeffersonian tradition
(B) frontier thesis of Frederick Jackson Turner
(C) gospel of wealth
(D) writings of Henry George
(E) social gospel
66. One of the most important actions of Congress preceding the Civil War was the passage of
the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854, which resulted in
(A) strengthening the Missouri Compromise
(B) uniting the Democratic party
(C) increased support for Stephen Douglas' campaign for president
(D) permitting popular sovereignty to decide the fate of slavery in the territories
(E) basic agreement between most northerners and southerners
67. During Reconstruction, the Radical Republicans would have described their primary social
goal as
(A) domination of the South
(B) extending equal rights to African American freedmen and women
(C) establishing permanent domination by the Republican party
(D) implementing the plans of President Lincoln
(E) guaranteeing control of national economic policy by northern businessmen
68.
By the 1890s, all of the following were generally true about the South except
(A) education was a priority for state governments
(B) Jim Crow laws were passed in every state
(C) cotton-growing still dominated the economy
(D) conservative Democrats controlled politics
(E) federal laws no longer effectively protected civil rights
69. Of the following, the most important influence on the economy and society of the United
States between 1865 and 1914 was
(A) labor unions
(B) national railroad network
(C) the Grange movement
(D) new inventions
(E) unrestricted immigration
70. A major difference between the two periods immediately preceding the world wars was that
for most Americans in 1941 there was no
(A) desire to make the world safe for democracy
(B) dislike of the German government
(C) concern for peace
(D) submarine threat
(E) economic relationship with England
71. In the 1840s, President James Polk added territory and secured American borders through
separate successful diplomatic negotiations with
(A) Mexico and Spain
(D) Canada and Mexico
(B) Great Britain and Cuba
(E) Spain and Great Britain
(C) Mexico and Great Britain
72. The presidential election that is credited with ending the era of the ideals of Jefferson and
Jackson and starting a new age of national politics dominated by big business, urban life, and
middle-class values was
(A) 1876, Hayes and Tilden
(B) 1884, Cleveland and Blame
(C) 1896, McKinley and Bryan
(D) 1904, Roosevelt and Parker
(E) 1912, Wilson, Roosevelt, and Taft
73.
The primary goal of President Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory was to
(A) prevent the British from claiming it
(B) provide more land for American farmers
(C) strengthen the Democratic- Republican party
(D) demonstrate his belief in strict interpretation of the Constitution
(E) acquire New Orleans and gain control of the Mississippi River
74. In the early years of the 20th century, many reform movements increased in strength and
support. but one that was weakened because it was associated with violence by some of its
members was
(A) equal rights for African Americans
(B) temperance
(C) women's suffrage
(D) socialism
(E) The Grange
75.
In the period immediately following World War I, most Americans could agree to support
(A) unions
(B) immigration
(C) withdrawing from foreign alliances
(D) teaching the theory of evolution
(E) prohibition
76. The issue that figured most prominently in the nullification crisis during Jackson's presidency
was
(A) slavery
(B) political party rivalries
(C) states' rights
(D) tariff fairness
(E) sectionalism
77.
The development of higher education in colonial America was largely the result of efforts by
(A) colonial governments
(B) wealthy patrons
(C) British government
(D) churches
(E) English universities
78. During the 19th century, the organization of labor unions was hampered by all of the
following except
(A) immigrant workers
(B) economic depressions
(C) labor-saving inventions
(D) laws limiting union rights
(E) differences among skilled and unskilled workers
79. Which of the following people had the LEAST influence on the New Deal and its efforts to
find new solutions to the problems of the depression?
(A) Huey Long
(B) Dr. Francis Townsend
(C) John Maynard Keynes
(D) Frances Perkins
(E) Al Smith
80. The 1960 presidential election contest between John Kennedy and Richard Nixon saw for the
first time that
(A) personalities, not political party machines, were decisive
(B) televised debates between the candidates could influence voters
(C) religion was the pivotal issue
(D) the "solid" South would vote as a bloc for a Republican
(E) both political parties would nominate candidates who were war veterans
Answer Key
1.
A
2.
A
3.
D
4.
B
5.
E
6.
B
7.
C
8.
B
9.
C
10. D
11. E
12. B
13. B
14. C
15. E
16. B
17. A
18. E
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. D
23. A
24. B
25. C
26. D
27. E
28. E
29. D
30. E
31. B
32. A
33. E
34. C
35. D
36. B
37. E
38. A
39. C
40. A
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
B
A
D
E
E
D
A
B
C
E
A
E
A
C
A
D
C
E
D
D
D
B
D
A
C
D
B
A
B
A
C
C
E
D
C
C
77.
78.
79.
80.
D
C
E
B