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Local Jurisdiction Disaster Housing Strategy Template
Overview
State of Florida Local Disaster Housing Strategy Initiative
Disaster Housing is the cornerstone of recovery. In 2009 the Federal Emergency
Management Agency FEMA) released the National Disaster Housing Strategy which
serves two purposes. First, it describes how we as a nation provide housing to those
affected by disasters summarizing the many sheltering and housing programs and
stakeholders as well as the principles and policies that guide the process. Secondly, the
Strategy charts a new direction which must leverage emerging technologies and new
approaches to develop cost-effective and efficient programs based on genuine
collaboration and cooperation. This document articulated requirements to evaluate and
select options, and, if requesting Federal assistance, take responsibility for and manage
the assistance when it is provided. It sets the stage for states to establish baseline
disaster housing capabilities and recognizes that all levels of government,
nongovernmental organizations, and private sector must be prepared to work together
to support disaster housing operations to meet the needs of all disaster survivors.
In June 2010 the Florida Division of Emergency Management contracted with the
Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council (TBRPC) to (1) finalize and vet the State
Disaster Housing Plan and Field Manual, (2) develop a consistent and
comprehensive county disaster housing plan template and (3) prepare training materials
for Federal, state and local partners involved in disaster housing operations. Working
with the State of Florida, the Disaster Housing Task Force synchronized efforts to
improve coordination and collaboration in disaster housing planning within the State of
Florida.
Local Disaster Housing Strategy Template
This template was designed to provide local jurisdictions within the State of Florida a
basic framework for the development of their local Disaster Housing Strategy. It
provides detailed text which may serve as model or which may be customized for the
community. Each local jurisdiction will be required to replace the references to
organizations, positions, documents, policies, and ordinances listed in RED throughout
the document, with the applicable references within their own jurisdictions. The
information in this template is not a requirement but a guideline to simplify the planning
process. Each local Disaster Housing Taskforce should take the liberty to modify
sections as desired, add additional information which is relevant for their own
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jurisdictions, and customize the template as needed. It is, however, recommended that
each jurisdiction address each of the major components identified in this template. Each
jurisdiction must decide the most suitable location for addressing the topics in this
template. While some jurisdictions may choose to develop the Disaster Housing
Strategy as an independent, stand alone document, other jurisdictions may choose to
incorporate key components in any or all of the following documents: Comprehensive
Emergency Management Plan, the Recovery Annex, the Post-Disaster Redevelopment
Plan or Ordinance. Regardless of choice made by each jurisdiction, the disaster
housing components ultimately should be addressed and integrated with other
jurisdictional planning documents, policies, and applicable procedures. Many pieces of
information such as phone numbers, references to positions and titles, population and
demographic information, as well as references to specific sites is volatile and will
require ongoing updates. Jurisdictions may choose to place this type of information in
an Appendix or reference other locations where the information may be found such as a
database, website location, or GIS references.
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Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
I.
Executive Summary
As a result of recent disasters such as Hurricanes Katrina, our nation has witnessed the
devastating aftermath suffered by many people as a result of the loss of their homes
and businesses. This level of destruction can lead to an overwhelming sense of loss
and subsequently may result in relocation of large portions of the population.
Regardless of the type of hazard, an extensive loss of residents will severely hamper
the ability of the community to recover and rebuild. This housing strategy will provide
the ability to retain the population of the local jurisdiction and offer hope to survivors
when their homes and communities have been destroyed. By pooling our local
resources, state expertise and Federal support, we will provide temporary housing and
support services to displaced families and individuals. Rapid recovery requires that all
segments of the community, including businesses and government agencies, quickly
reconstruct infrastructure, facilities, and structures. The provision of interim disaster
housing in the post-disaster environment is essential to the long-term recovery and
economic viability of the impacted community.
This strategy details the full array of interim housing options available to the Hometown
leadership in the aftermath of the disaster. Based upon the severity and magnitude of
the impact, decision makers will have the flexibility to select the appropriate interim
housing strategies including placement of displaced residents within local hotels, vacant
rental units, or within FEMA provided mobile housing units. This strategy will also
ensure that the needs of special populations within our community are addressed.
Lastly, the Hometown Community would like to thank the many agencies and
organizations that supported the development of the disaster housing strategy. Their
ongoing dedication before, during, and after a large-scale disaster will ensure the longterm viability of our community.”
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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Table of Contents
I.
Executive Summary .................................................................................................. 4
II.
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 8
A.
Mission ................................................................................................................. 8
B.
Purpose ................................................................................................................ 8
C.
Disaster Housing Planning Goals ......................................................................... 8
D.
Plan Methodology ............................................................................................... 10
E.
Planning Assumptions ........................................................................................ 10
F.
Authorities and References ................................................................................ 11
Authorities: Federal Disaster Housing .................................................................... 11
Authorities: State of Florida Disaster Housing ........................................................ 16
Authorities: County/Municipal Disaster Housing Authorities ................................... 16
G. Overview of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Disaster Housing
Assistance Programs ................................................................................................. 17
III.
Local Jurisdiction Situation and Composition ...................................................... 20
A.
Local Jurisdiction Composition ........................................................................... 20
B.
Hazard Vulnerability Analysis affecting Disaster Housing .................................. 20
C.
Geography and Geology .................................................................................... 21
D.
Demographics and Special Needs Populations .................................................. 21
E.
Local Jurisdiction Housing Stock Characteristics ............................................... 21
F.
Economic Profile................................................................................................. 22
G.
Environmental Considerations ............................................................................ 22
IV.
Concept of Operations......................................................................................... 24
A.
Activate the Disaster Housing Team .................................................................. 25
B.
Disaster Housing Needs Assessment ................................................................ 25
C.
Systems, Process and Timeline for Assistance Delivery .................................... 26
D.
Post-Disaster Housing Incident Action Plan / Situational Reporting ................... 27
E.
Coordination of Survivor Information and Needs ................................................ 29
Federal Client Management System (CMS) ........................................................... 29
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F.
Command and Control ....................................................................................... 30
G.
Exit Strategy ....................................................................................................... 31
H.
Public, Private, Non-profit and Faith-based Partners.......................................... 31
I.
Maintaining Operational Readiness for the Disaster Housing Mission ............... 32
V.
Housing Strategies .............................................................................................. 33
A.
Emergency Shelter Operations........................................................................... 33
B.
Transitional Shelters ........................................................................................... 34
C.
Hotel & Motel Placement .................................................................................... 35
D.
Interim Housing Programs .................................................................................. 36
Emergency Repair Program: Temporary Roofing Program/Blue Roof ............... 36
Private Rental Properties .................................................................................... 37
Properties in Foreclosure ................................................................................... 38
Universities & Colleges and Student Housing (State and Private)...................... 38
Existing Federally Owned / Government-Owned Housing Projects .................... 39
E. Direct Housing ....................................................................................................... 39
Direct Housing on Private Lot ............................................................................. 39
Direct Housing on Business and Commercially-Owned Property ....................... 40
Direct Housing on Existing Mobile Home Parks & Recreational Vehicle Sites ... 41
Establishing New Disaster Housing Group Sites ................................................ 42
Site Plans ........................................................................................................... 45
Vacant Developments and Vacant Cleared Lands ............................................. 45
F.
Catastrophic Events ........................................................................................... 46
VI.
Roles and Responsibilities for Jurisdictional Agencies and Organizations .......... 48
VII.
Regulatory Obstacles to Disaster Housing .......................................................... 52
A.
Local Regulatory Environment............................................................................ 52
B.
Expedited Permitting Process............................................................................. 54
C.
Homeowner Association Regulations ................................................................. 55
D.
Emergency Ordinances ...................................................................................... 55
VIII. Special Topics ..................................................................................................... 55
A.
Accessibility (ADA compliance) .......................................................................... 55
B.
Pets and Service Animals ................................................................................... 56
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C.
Affordable Housing Issues .................................................................................. 57
D.
Gentrification and Urban Blight ........................................................................... 58
E.
Health Issues (Mold remediation, soil contamination, formaldehyde etc.) .......... 58
F.
Temporary housing for Emergency Workers and Volunteers: Base Camps ....... 59
VIII. Preparedness ...................................................................................................... 59
A.
Plan Updates and Maintenance.......................................................................... 59
B.
Training and Exercise ......................................................................................... 59
C.
Plan Integration .................................................................................................. 60
IX.
Glossary .............................................................................................................. 61
A.
Definitions ........................................................................................................... 61
B.
Acronyms ........................................................................................................... 64
Appendices ................................................................................................................... 65
Appendix A: Disaster Housing Contact Manager Database ................................... 66
Appendix B: List & Map of Mobile Home Parks ...................................................... 67
Appendix C: List & Map of Hotels and Motel Establishments ................................. 72
Appendix D: List & Map Potential Group Sites ....................................................... 73
Appendix E: Disaster Housing Group Site Evaluation Checklist ............................. 75
Appendix F: Sample Flood Prevention Ordinance .................................................. 77
Appendix G: Code of Ordinances / Emergency Ordinances ................................. 104
Appendix H: Planning, Building and Zoning Code Modification ............................ 105
Appendix I: Memorandum of Understanding ........................................................ 106
Appendix J: Post-Disaster Incident Action Plan Objectives Checklist ................... 107
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II.
Introduction
A. Mission
“Hometown leadership is dedicated to supporting a safe, sanitary, and functional living
environment for all community members in the aftermath of a disaster. The intent of the
Disaster Housing Strategy is to foster consensus and collaboration among stakeholders
with the aim of a common approach for carrying out the disaster housing mission and,
thereby, expediting community recovery.”
B. Purpose
“In the aftermath of natural or manmade disasters, community members may be
displaced for a short period of time or in some cases permanently due to loss of
residential structures, environmental contamination, or other environmental factors.
This strategy will detail a framework for providing safe, sanitary, functional, and
accessible temporary housing options for displaced residents in order to expedite longterm community recovery. Within the broader recovery framework, this strategy
primarily addresses the interim housing solutions for residents. This document will
detail a full range of temporary interim housing options which may be employed based
upon the severity and magnitude of the disaster”
C. Disaster Housing Planning Goals
 “Detail a comprehensive framework for providing interim housing solutions for
displaced community residents, as well as emergency home repair assistance
relocation assistance, if necessary.
 Develop procedures to address the comprehensive client case management
process which engages all human service provider organizations in order to
address post-disaster needs within the community.
 Enhance the coordination, design and delivery of state and Federal disaster
housing assistance through an ongoing partnership with internal and external
stakeholders including non-profit agencies and faith-based partners and the
private sector.
 Provide an overview of the regulatory environment which may impact interim
housing solutions in the post-disaster environment
 Ensure the integration of the disaster housing strategy with related operational
plans and policy documents such as the Comprehensive Emergency
Management Plan, the Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan, the Hometown
Comprehensive Plan and Land Development Regulations.”
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To achieve this vision, the Strategy provides a framework to help integrate existing
disaster housing efforts and focuses on the following six goals consistent with the
National Disaster Housing Strategy (January 2009):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Support individuals, households, and communities in returning to
self-sufficiency as quickly as possible. This is vital for the recovery of
the community and the region following a disaster.
Affirm and fulfill fundamental disaster housing responsibilities and
roles. This includes enhancing coordination and developing partnerships
across all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations and the
private sector.
Increase our collective understanding and ability to meet the needs
of disaster survivors and affected communities. Individual needs affect
housing choices and shape the demands for assistance including those
with medical needs, disabilities and/or service animals, pet owners,
cultural diversity, languages, etc.
Build capabilities to provide a broad range of flexible housing
options, including sheltering, interim housing, and permanent
housing. The strategy should incorporate a comprehensive, innovative
and flexible set of options which can move community recovery forward
and meet the needs of our residents.
Better integrate disaster housing assistance with related community
support services and long-term recovery efforts. Best practices and
disaster housing success stories highlight the need to incorporate the
community/institutional support in the provision of disaster housing.
Survivors will need health and human services in order for the community
to rebuild.
Improve disaster housing planning to better recovery from disaster,
including catastrophic events. The Disaster Housing Strategy should
be flexible and expandable to provide direction in local emergencies such
as an isolated tornado to major or catastrophic events.
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D. Plan Methodology
“Hometown Community recognized the need to address disaster housing solutions in
the event of a disaster. In 2011, Hometown Community Department of Emergency
Management in close coordination with Hometown Community Planning Department
requested the development of a comprehensive Disaster Housing Strategy to integrate
the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and the Post-Disaster
Redevelopment Plan or Recovery Annex. In order to develop this strategy, a series of
disaster housing planning meetings with stakeholder agencies and organizations were
conducted during January through April of 2011 at the Community Emergency
Operations Center under the direction of the Community Housing and Community
Development Director. Annually, Hometown Housing and Community Development
Department will review this plan and coordinate any necessary updates with all
responsible organizations. Further information related to plan maintenance can be
found in the plan maintenance chapter.”
Note: This section will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
It should be
tailored to address the process which was conducted by each jurisdiction. Include the
background information which was collected to support this document.
E. Planning Assumptions
 “While the magnitude and severity of damage will typically trigger a Presidential
Disaster Declaration, it may be necessary to implement all or portions of the
disaster housing strategy without a Federal disaster declaration.

In order to activate the disaster housing strategy, a determination must be made
whether the housing demand will exceed the housing supply through the
provision of existing residential structures and/or vacant residential units.

The ability to provide interim housing is contingent upon the availability of utility
infrastructure services as well as healthcare, fire, EMS, Law Enforcement,
school, transportation, retail and other essential governmental services.

Households should be placed in temporary housing as close as possible to their
original home or neighborhood, whenever possible.

Persons with low income, living in mobile homes, migrant farm workers, and
persons with functional needs are likely to require greater levels of post-disaster
assistance including provisions for interim housing. This effort may require a
combined effort of additional community resources and the efforts of private
sector and community non-profit agencies.
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
Urgency must be balanced with informed decisions.

Significant damage will trigger a Presidential Disaster Declaration (Individual
Assistance Declaration and Public Assistance).

A substantial quantity of displaced disaster survivors, as determined by
percentage of housing losses, is expected in disasters of major or catastrophic
levels.

An incident may occur with little to no warning.

A disaster may cause significant disruption to critical infrastructure.

Response in the immediate aftermath of the event must begin with the rapid
damage assessment (without the benefit of detailed/complete assessments.)

A large number of people may be left.displaced.

Demographics and socioeconomic characteristics will create unique challenges.

The success of the housing mission will depend on how timely mission-critical
information and issues can be collected, confirmed, and circulated in a consistent
format and with a frequency to make them readily accessible and useful to all key
stakeholders.

Others?
Note: This section will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
Each jurisdiction
may choose to include additional planning assumptions.
F. Authorities and References
Authorities: Federal Disaster Housing
The Stafford Act. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has set the
standard for housing assistance as identified in the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief
and Emergency Assistance Act. The Stafford Act enables the Federal government to
assist States affected by a disaster to expedite the delivery of aid and emergency
services as well as the reconstruction of devastated areas. It provides statutory
authority for most Federal disaster response activities especially as they pertain to
FEMA programs including disaster housing. FEMA’s Disaster Housing Assistance for
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those displaced by disasters includes the following forms of assistance based on the
following priorities1:
1. Maximize the Use of Available Local Housing Resources
2. Use Manufactured Temporary Housing
3. Employ Innovative Alternative Forms of Temporary Housing
4. Authorize Semi-Permanent or Permanent Construction
1st - Maximize Use of Available Local Housing Resources
Emergency Sheltering. In the face of an approaching disaster, or after a disaster
strikes, individual and households may be forced to leave their homes to seek
shelter. Regardless of eligibility for assistance programs, in general a shelter
provides disaster survivors with a safe, sanitary and functional environment,
including life-sustaining services, when they are displaced from their primary
residences due to natural or man-made disaster. For declared disaster, shelter
expenses may be eligible for reimbursement from FEMA under Section 403 of the
Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. FEMA can also
provide financial assistance to eligible applicants for critical disaster-related needs
such as water, food, first aid, prescriptions, infant formula, diapers, personal hygiene
items and fuel for transportation through Critical Needs Assistance under the Other
Needs Assistance provision of the IHP.
1

Congregate Shelters: Shelters can be operated in hard facilities (such as
schools, churches, community centers, unused warehouses and stores,
barracks and berthing ships) or in soft-sided facilities (such as tents or
domes). Types of congregate care shelters include general population,
medical support, emergency household pet, ad-hoc/spontaneous, and
evacuation.

Transitional Sheltering Assistance: If emergency shelters are
overwhelmed or if State and FEMA disaster leadership determine that shelter
residents and evacuees will not be able to return to their homes for an
extended period of time, the State may request that FEMA authorize eligible
disaster survivors to receive Transitional Sheltering Assistance (TSA). If TSA
is authorized, FEMA will approve, fund and administer the use of hotels and
motels as transitional shelters, which is not charged against disaster
survivors’ maximum amount of IHP financial assistance. (Note: FEMA can
also provide reimbursement for hotel/motel accommodations to eligible
DRAFT Disaster Temporary Housing Operational Guide, FEMA, 2010
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applicants through the Housing Assistance Program, which is subject to the
IHP financial assistance limit.)

Rapid Temporary Roofing. Government assistance making exigent repairs
to damaged dwellings. These repairs include installing plastic sheeting (“Blue
Roof”) on damaged roofs and repairing accessibility fixtures such as ramps or
railings. To qualify homes must be inspected by qualified officials and
determined to be structurally sound and free from health and safety risks.
This type of work generally begins within a week of Presidential disaster
declaration. Voluntary agencies, by coordinating with the USACE, may assist
with the installation of plastic sheeting in areas that are not heavily populated
or may assist homeowners with installing tarps.

Rapid Temporary Repairs: Similar to the Blue Roof program, FEMA is also
partnering with the USACE on a new initiative to make rapid temporary
repairs to doors and window to allow families to shelter in their homes until
permanent repairs can be made.

Financial Assistance for Rent. This is the preferred form of interim housing.
It includes financial assistance and help locating vacant privately-owned
apartments, condominiums, and single-family homes, as well as Federal or
state-owned residential property. This interim housing support is provided
within a few weeks following a presidential disaster declaration and is used
for those survivors whose homes have been rendered uninhabitable.

Financial Assistance for Repair and Replacement of Damaged
Residences. This assistance is available following the inspection and
verification of damages, FEMA will provide eligible homeowners financial
assistance for repairs to make their home habitable restoring the home to a
condition that is safe, sanitary and functional. It may also be used toward
replacement of a destroyed or condemned home; however, it may not be
sufficient to restore the home to its pre-disaster condition. This assistance will
take several weeks to several months before it is made available.
2nd - Use of Manufactured Temporary Housing

Manufactured Group Site/Travel Trailer. When other housing options have
been exhausted, temporary housing units may be used to house disaster
survivors. Once the appropriate options have been determined by the State,
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temporary housing may be placed on an eligible family’s private property, on
a pre-existing commercial pad, or as a last resort, on a new group site
approved by local officials and constructed and maintained by FEMA. The
development of local ordinances to facilitate the placement of temporary units
on private property, where appropriate, as well as the pre-identification of
potential group sites helps to expedite the placement process. Regulatory
procedures and the pre-identification process are further outlined in Unit 4.
3rd - Employ Innovative Alternative Forms of Temporary Housing

Alternative Forms of Direct Housing. New materials and innovations in
design have the potential to provide a much broader array of temporary
housing than FEMA’s current inventory of manufactured housing options.
Through the Joint Housing Solutions Group and the Alternative Housing Pilot
Program, FEMA is exploring alternative options for temporary housing units
such as alternative forms of direct housing which may include such as
examples as modular units which were employed after Hurricane Katrina..
4th - Authorize Semi-Permanent or Permanent Construction

Semi-Permanent or Permanent Housing Construction/Assistance. This
includes financial or direct assistance to individuals and households.
Programs administered through FEMA and the Department of Housing and
Urban Development (HUD) may allow for the development of housing options
that allows for renters to obtain a permanent housing solution or for the selling
of manufacture or modular temporary homes to a homeowner if
repair/rebuilding is not in the financial interests of the homeowner.
The Architectural Barriers Act (ABA). This Act requires that all buildings and facilities
designed, constructed, or altered with Federal funds, or leased by a Federal agency,
comply with Federal standards for physical accessibility. These requirements are limited
to architectural standards in new and altered buildings and in newly-leased facilities.
Federal funds used to provide shelter, interim, or permanent housing after a disaster
must comply with ABA requirements. Guidelines for meeting ABA requirements are
provided through Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards.
Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS). UFAS is authorized under the
Architectural Barriers Act of 1968, as amended, Pub. L. No. 90-480, 42 U.S.C. 41514157. UFAS establishes requirements for the design, construction, and alteration of
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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buildings to ensure that individuals with disabilities will have ready access to and use of
them.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The ADA prohibits discrimination on the
basis of a disability defines a person with a disability as an individual who: has a
physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
All programs that receive Federal funds must be ADA compliant.
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Section 504 prohibits discrimination on
the basis of disability in any program or activity that receives Federal financial
assistance, including Federally subsidized housing programs.
The Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 (FHAA). The FHAA extends protection
against housing discrimination to persons with disabilities. It requires housing providers
to permit, at the expense of the individual with a disability, reasonable modifications of
existing premises.
Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000. The
Developmental Disabilities (DD) Act requires the Administration on Developmental
Disabilities (ADD) to ensure that people with developmental disabilities and their
families receive required services and support.
Executive Order 13347. This executive order became a policy of the Federal
government to ensure that the support needed by individuals with disabilities is
integrated into the development and implementation of emergency preparedness plans
by Federal, state, tribal, and local governments and private organizations.
Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VI.
This title prohibits discrimination on the basis
of race, color, and national origin by recipients of Federal financial assistance.
Age Discrimination Act of 1975.
This Act prohibits discrimination on the basis
of age in programs and activities receiving Federal financial assistance.
Pets Evacuation and Transportation Act of 2006 This amended the Robert T.
Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act to ensure that State and local
emergency preparedness operational plans address the needs of individuals with
household pets and service animals following a major disaster or emergency.
National Fire Protection Association 501 A: Standard for Fire Safety Criteria for
manufactured Home Installations, Sites, and Communities
This
standard
provides minimum requirements for the installation of manufactured homes and
manufactured home sites, including accessory buildings, structures, and communities.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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National Flood Insurance Program: Include clause related to substantial damage.
Limitation on what may be placed in the flood zone.
Authorities: State of Florida Disaster Housing
F.S. Chapter 513: Mobile home and Recreational Vehicle Parks: Regulates the
establishment of mobile home and recreational vehicle parks.
F.S. Chapter 320.8285 Onsite inspection (Appendix F) Mobile Home Park and
Recreation Vehicle Park Site Design and inspection standards are established in this
statute.
Rule Chapter 69A-42 Uniform Fire Safety Standards for Mobile Home Parks and
Recreational Vehicle Parks:
This rule establishes a uniform requirement of safety
from fire in mobile home parks and recreational vehicles parks for both new and existing
parks.
Authorities: County/Municipal Disaster Housing Authorities
Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan (PDRP). This document details the organizational
structure, policies, priorities, and vision for community redevelopment in the postdisaster environment. The plan should address the myriad of recovery issues including
disaster housing; although each jurisdiction should have their own disaster housing
strategy consistent with their PDRP. The PDRP planning process should also address
emergency ordinances related to disaster housing mission including a disaster housing
ordinance which would implement the strategy and provide for the placement of
temporary units, if necessary. It may also include an emergency permitting procedure to
facilitate immediate minor or temporary repairs, provide for more thoughtful review of
permits for non-conforming units as well as address additional mitigation in severelydamaged neighborhoods.
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). This plan outlines the
organizational roles and responsibilities as well as policies and procedures which will be
employed by the local jurisdiction during the disaster response and recovery phases of
all hazards disasters.
Flood Prevention Ordinance. This ordinance is required under the National Flood
Insurance Program and details regulatory guidance for development within the flood
hazard areas. Certain policies related to placement of temporary mobile interim
housing units may be incorporated in this ordinance.
Local Government Comprehensive Plan and Land Development Regulations. The
Comprehensive Plan provides a vision for the future of the jurisdiction presenting goals
and policies to address sustainability, resiliency and quality of life. Land development
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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regulations (LDRs) including building codes, floodplain management regulations and
coastal setbacks, etc. provide the specific requirements for development incorporating
safety, mitigation, and design.
Note: The section above will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
It should
be tailored to address the local ordinances which exist within each jurisdiction. Local
jurisdictions may choose to include any other local, state, or Federal ordinance and
authorities they find applicable to this plan or any related policies and procedures.
Overview of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Disaster
Housing Assistance Programs
G.
Under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law
93-288), FEMA serves as the primary coordinating agency for disaster response and
recovery activities. FEMA processes the Governor’s request for disaster assistance and
coordinates Federal operations under a Presidential Disaster Declaration. In addition to
providing various types of response and recovery aid to public entities and nonprofit
relief agencies, FEMA also provides disaster relief assistance to persons, families, and
businesses on an individual basis through the Federal Assistance to Individuals and
Households Program. People can access this help by registering for assistance or
visiting the Disaster Recovery Center (DRC), when available. The Federal Assistance
to Individuals and Households Program has two major components: the Housing
Assistance, which is 100% Federally-funded and other assistance, which is 75%
Federally-funded. Housing Assistance under the new program provides more flexible
assistance to individuals through the following four categories:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Temporary Housing
Repairs
Replacement
Permanent Construction
This plan addresses the Housing Assistance component of the FEMA program and will
review the four categories that make up that component. The rule for Housing
Assistance authorizes individual eligibility in more than one category of assistance.
FEMA’s Temporary Housing category ensures that persons whose homes have been
damaged or destroyed during a disaster are provided with a safe place until repairs are
complete, the homes rebuilt, or other permanent residence secured. This assistance is
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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designed primarily for persons without insurance or those having inadequate insurance,
and is available only to homeowners and renters who are legal residents of the United
States and were displaced by the declared disaster event.
The Temporary Housing Category authorizes:
a) Financial Assistance to eligible individuals and households to rent alternate
housing resources such as existing rental units, manufactured housing,
recreation vehicles, and other readily fabricated dwellings.
b) Financial Assistance for transportation of the rental unit, utility hookups, and
installation of the unit.
c) Financial Assistance for reimbursement of reasonable short-term lodging
expenses that individuals or households incur in the immediate aftermath of a
disaster.
d) Direct Assistance to be provided by FEMA, in the form of purchased or leased
temporary housing units to individuals and households who lack available
housing resources and who would be unable to make use of the Financial
Assistance.
e) FEMA will charge Fair Market Rent, after 18 months, for any housing unit it has
provided as Direct Assistance to an individual or household.
f) FEMA will sell purchased housing units that it provided as Direct Assistance to
individuals and households, and will deposit the proceeds from such sales into
the Disaster Relief Fund.
The Repairs Category Authorizes:
a) FEMA to provide financial assistance for the repairs of uninsured disaster-related
damages to an owner’s primary residence. The funds are to help return owner
occupied primary residences to a safe and sanitary living or functional condition.
Repairs may include utilities and residential infrastructure.
b) FEMA to provide financial assistance for eligible hazard mitigation measures that
reduce the likelihood of future damage to the residences’ utilities or
infrastructure.
c) Eligible individuals and households to receive assistance of up to $5,000 (note:
this amount may be adjusted annually based upon the Consumer Price Index) to
repair damages to their primary residence without first having to show that the
damages cannot be repaired through other means, except insurance proceeds.
The Replacement Category Authorizes:
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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a) FEMA to provide financial assistance to replace the primary residence of an
owner-occupied dwelling damaged by the disaster event when there was at least
$10,000 of damage (note: this amount may be adjusted annually based upon the
Consumer Price Index). Assistance is limited to $10,000 (note: this amount may
be adjusted annually based upon the Consumer Price Index).
b) The use of Replacement financial assistance towards the cost of acquiring a new
permanent residence that is greater in cost than $10,000 (note: this amount may
be adjusted annually based upon the Consumer Price Index).
The Permanent Housing Construction Category Authorizes FEMA to provide financial or
direct assistance to applicants for the purpose of constructing permanent housing in
insular areas outside the continental United States and in other remote areas. This
category is not available to County residents.
In general, to be eligible for Housing Assistance under the Individuals and Households
Program three conditions must be met:
a) The home must have been the applicant’s primary residence;
b) The home must be inaccessible or have been damaged and rendered
uninhabitable as a result of the disaster; and
c) The insurance, if any, covering the dwelling does not fully cover the applicant’s
additional disaster-related living expense and/or cost of home repairs.
Because FEMA’s Individual Assistance programs are designed for persons and families
seeking assistance, each household must individually apply and establish its eligibility.
To apply for assistance, disaster survivors must call one of FEMA’s National Processing
Service Centers at the toll-free registration number, 1-800-621-FEMA (or TTY 1-800642-7585). After an application is submitted to FEMA through the official application
process, a local FEMA-contracted inspector will assess the damage to the applicant’s
property and will file a report with FEMA. FEMA will then make an eligibility
determination and may issue a check within 10 days of receiving the initial application
for assistance2. However, response times may vary depending on the volume of
demand for assistance.”
The aggregate amount of assistance provided through FEMA’s Individuals and Households Program in
2010 is an amount not to exceed $32,200 per household (note: this amount is adjusted annually based
upon the Consumer Price Index).
2
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 19
III.
Local Jurisdiction Situation and Composition
Note: This entire section will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
It should
be tailored to address the composition of each local jurisdiction to include unique
features which are of interest to the Taskforce. Some suggested sources for this
information are the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, the Comprehensive
Plan, the Local Mitigation Strategy, the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Fact Finder
website located at http://factfinder.census.gov, and Florida Statistical Abstract.
A.
Local Jurisdiction Composition
“Hometown Community is located in (X-“western”) portion of Florida. Its’ community
seat is X, Florida. According to the Community Comprehensive Emergency
Management Plan (CEMP), the Community has a total land area of X square miles, of
which X miles lie on the Gulf of Mexico or Atlantic Ocean. The Community has a total
population of XXX. There are approximately X housing units. In addition, there are X
communities, X schools, X hospitals and clinics, X Military Bases, X churches, and X
Universities/Colleges. These sites may support the disaster housing mission by
providing short- to long-term housing resources. Due to rapid development throughout
certain portions of the community, infrastructure services and capacity remain a
concern. Critical facilities and systems on the densely populated western boundaries of
our community may limit interim housing placement options.
B.
Hazard Vulnerability Analysis affecting Disaster Housing
“Hometown Community is at risk to numerous natural and man-made disasters as
detailed in the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and the Local Mitigation
Strategy. Hurricanes present the highest risk due the impacts from high winds, coastal
storm surge and generalized flooding. As was demonstrated during the 2004 hurricane
season, impacts from multiple hurricanes may occur within a single season. Placement
of mobile housing units should consider potential dangerous flooding conditions as well
as the need for stringent adherence to mobile unit tie down requirements where
appropriate. The flood hazard areas within Hometown Community, severely affect
population placement. In addition, wildfires during the summer of 2006 greatly impacted
the northeastern portions of the Community (or recent example). Disaster Housing
solutions were limited due to the fact that other portions of the community, the tourism
industry, and surrounding communities were not impacted by this event.
Note: Jurisdictions should also include some language explaining why they are
vulnerable to particular hazards within their community.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
For additional information
Page 20
related to hazards and vulnerabilities, reference the Local Mitigation Strategy and the
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.
C.
Geography and Geology
“Hometown Community is densely urbanized along the coastal areas and largely rural in
the interior portions of the county and border of the Florida Everglades. According to the
2008 Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, approximately 82% of the
population lives within a storm surge zone. The multitude of water bodies, canals, and
lakes create hazardous conditions to residents during heavy rainfall. A large number of
Recreation Vehicle Parks are located in close proximity to these water bodies which
should be evaluated when selecting disaster housing group sites. Jurisdictions may
want to include information on the why the geographic location affects their vulnerability
to particular hazards. A north-central portion of the community lies within the Florida
National Park which encompasses a wide variety of environmentally sensitive areas
which may not be suitable for interim housing. (Example of unique
Geography/Geology).”
D.
Demographics and Special Needs Populations
“According to the CEMP, the Community has a total population of X. The Community
has a high elderly population. According to the 2008 census, X percent of the
Community’s population is elderly (65 years old and over). In addition, the Community’s
registered special needs population is relatively high. Special Needs populations are
those that require assistance for their disabilities; medical, mental, or psychological
disabilities. As of 2010, X residents are registered as having Special Needs. The
Community has X special needs designated shelters. When designing interim housing
solutions, consider the availability of handicap accessible units, transportation support,
and additional human service support agency involvement.” In addition, Hometown
community is home to a large aging yet independently living populations. These groups
may also challenge interim housing policy options. Evacuation Study Demographic
Profile can be referenced in this section as well. This document includes linguistic
impact age, race, gender, socio economic, religion, national origin, linguistic isolation,
familial status. These profiles are available at www.floridadisaster.org/housing.“
E.
Local Jurisdiction Housing Stock Characteristics
“Nearly X percent of the Community’s single family residential units are single story
structures while X percent are multi-story structure. Nearly X percent of residential units
are manufactured homes. The residential housing stock is well distributed throughout
the eastern portion of the Community. X percent of residential units reside in the
unincorporated areas of the Community. The average age of the homes in Hometown
Community is X years which means that many homes were constructed prior to the
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 21
implementation of the more stringent building codes. The population of Hometown
Community increases by forty percent during the months of November through April.
During the season most hotels, motels, and rental, and seasonal units remain at eighty
percent occupancy. During the low season, vacancy rates may as high as 60 percent.”
Note: This section will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
It should be
tailored to address the existing housing stock of each jurisdiction. Consider inserting a
table such as the one above to provide an overview of quick reference data. Information
located in other documents which detail housing stock characteristics may simply be
referenced.
F.
Economic Profile
“Hometown Community has a mixed economic profile that includes a balance of tourism
and agriculture. The western part of the Community, which lies on the Gulf of Mexico,
draws tourists from all over the world. Long stretches of white sandy beaches are home
of thousands of condo and hotel units, shops, restaurants, and bars. In addition, a large
convention center on City River Walk draws corporate gatherings year round. The
eastern, rural part of the Community produces has a strong agricultural base. The
signature crop is citrus and used for export nationally and internationally. Lastly, the
Community has a major league sports team that draws approximately 700,000
spectators a year (Profile the unique economic conditions of the community). Each
jurisdiction may also want to include tourism, private sector, public sector,
unemployment rate, key industries of the county, the biggest employer, tax rates,
average income” An economic profile is developed for each county on an annual basis
by Enterprise Florida. These profiles are available at http://www.eflorida.com.
G.
Environmental Considerations
“Hometown Community is located along Florida fragile coastal area and is bordered by
environmentally sensitive areas in the south which include the Florida Everglades, the
north which includes protected animal habitat, and in the east which includes coastal
wetlands. Each of these unique environmentally sensitive areas must be observed
when evaluating options for the placement of group sites. When identifying potential
sites, it is important to analyze environmentally sensitive areas where human
interference may cause irreversible damages to the natural ecosystem and habitat. Site
selection should also consider areas outside of FEMA Flood and Surge Zones. It is
preferable that sites lie outside of the 100-year floodplain and have adequate storm
water drainage systems.
Hazardous conditions may be present prior to a disaster and these hazardous
conditions may increase following a disaster. Contamination in areas located in a
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 22
commercial, industrial, or landfill areas could spread to other surrounding areas. Areas
which have been identified as Brownfield sites or Superfund sites should be avoided. A
thorough site inspection is required before housing initiatives are implemented.
Adjoining land uses including industrial uses, agricultural uses, and others could
introduce the potential for
hazardous materials in air (smokestacks,
pesticides/herbicides), water (industrial sewage, wastewater, disease), or land
(contaminated soil, gas tank leaks) that could affect the health of future residents.
Addressing the aforementioned environmental and safety concerns will be critical in
strategy
development.”
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 23
IV.
Concept of Operations
“The goal of the disaster housing mission is to transition all displaced survivors to
permanent housing as efficiently as possible. The disaster housing mission may
progress through all four disaster housing phases. Each of these phases may overlap
or may be excluded if they are not needed.
Shelter Phase: The Shelter Phase of the disaster housing mission will be managed by
the Mass Care/Shelter Coordinator within Hometown’s Emergency Operations Center.
For additional information reference the Hometown Comprehensive Emergency
Management Plan.
Transitional Shelter Phase: The transitional shelter phase will be managed initially by
the Mass Care/Shelter Coordination in close coordination with the Disaster Housing
Coordinator. The initial stages of this phase will continue to be managed at the
Emergency Operations Center with gradual transition to the Recovery Operations
Center which is under the supervision of the {insert position}
Interim Shelter Phase & Permanent Housing: The interim shelter phase and all
remaining phases are managed by the Disaster Housing Taskforce at the Recovery
Operations Center in close coordination with the Joint Field Office.
The Disaster
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 24
Housing Coordinator is responsible for directing these efforts and coordinating these
efforts with State and Federal Disaster Housing programs. The COAD, VOAD or Long
Term Recovery Coalition can assist by providing volunteers and donated resources to
meet unmet needs.”
A. Activate the Disaster Housing Team
“In the event of a disaster, the Hometown Community {insert position: i.e. Emergency
Management Director, Unified Command, County Manager, BOCC} will direct the
activation of the Disaster Housing Team. Based upon the results of the Preliminary
Damage Assessment Report and the Habitability Assessment Reports, they will
determine the priorities of the disaster housing mission and activation of the Disaster
Housing Strategy. Note: When advance notice is available, Command may decide to
activate core members of the housing team in advance of the disaster event (i.e.
hurricane) in order to begin planning, notifications and coordination activities.
The Disaster Housing Team will begin coordination efforts with the Long-term
Recovery Organization or Post-Disaster Redevelopment Task Force. They may
draw resources and program support from the Long-term Recovery Organization
primarily on land use, emergency permitting, site availability and code issues. The
Disaster Housing Team will also ensure timely communication of mission-critical
information and issues between and among all levels of government, the private sector
through Emergency Support Function (ESF) 18) and with the COAD (Community
Organizations Active in Disasters) through ESF 15. A Client Management System will
be activated on an as-needed basis as human service support needs escalate.
In the event of a catastrophic level incident, Command will direct the
development/implementation of the Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan by the LongTerm Recovery Organization. While this plan will address long-term permanent housing
issues, it will address land use, non-conforming uses, permitting, coastal set-backs,
elevation retrofit, and new construction issues that arise as a result of the disaster
incident. The Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan also addresses health and human
services, environmental issues, financial administration, public information and disaster
housing. For additional information regarding roles and responsibilities of each
organizational unit, see the organization section of this plan.”
B. Disaster Housing Needs Assessment
“Determining the community need for disaster housing in the aftermath of a disaster is a
challenging formula. However, an initial determination must be made in order to
position the resources needed to implement the Disaster Housing mission. While the
numbers will likely change as better data is received, the following informational
components are needed to quantify the disaster housing need:
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 25









Total number of residential structures (by type) with major damage, destroyed, or
are deemed uninhabitable,
The estimated number of residential structures which might be made habitable with
minimal repairs,
The status of hotel and motel units and vacancy,
Available public housing units,
Available privately-owned, vacant rental properties which could be used for disaster
housing,
Available inventory of manufactured housing or other fabricated dwellings which
could be used for disaster housing,
Available useable land meeting the suitability criteria for emergency group sites,
including existing/vacated mobile home parks,
Status of restoration of utilities,
Availability of community services including fire, EMS, Law Enforcement, healthcare,
schools, etc.
Hometown Community also has disaster need assumptions that will assist in quantifying
the community needs:

Homeowners whose homes are destroyed or have major damage may require
disaster housing assistance.3

One- or two-family zoned lots may be sufficient to place temporary units onsite.

Renters will likely need Direct Housing in commercial mobile home parks or group
sites.

Homeowners who have insurance will not be eligible for Direct Housing Assistance.

Secondary home should not require direct housing assistance.

The damage to their property is not covered by insurance. ?

Mobile home residents whose units are their primary dwellings and are damaged or
destroyed will likely require disaster housing assistance.”
C. Systems, Process and Timeline for Assistance Delivery
“The following table provides a general overview of the four phases of the disaster
housing mission. Each phase may be adjusted based upon the magnitude and severity
3
Direct Housing Assistance generally consists of FEMA obtaining and installing temporary housing units
manufactured homes, travel trailers, and other types of prefabricated housing) on private (individual)
sites, commercial parks, or other temporary sites developed by FEMA. This assistance is considered a
last option. This non-financial assistance is provided directly to individuals and households when there
are not enough housing resources in the impacted area and/or the individual or household was eligible for
financial housing assistance but not able to use available resources.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 26
of the disaster conditions. All of the phases will overlap to a limited degree. The goal is
to transition displaced survivors back into permanent housing as quickly as possible.”
Phase
Shelter
0-21 days
Transitional
Up to 60 days
Housing
Types
Friends &
Family
Friends and Family
Hotel/Motel
Apartments/Rental/
Seasonal Housing
Travel Trailers
Mobile Homes
Commercial Space
Shelters
Hotel/Motel
Resources ARC &
voluntary and
faith-based
organizations
FEMA housing
assistance:
 Expedited
assistance
 Repair grants
State/Local
 Replacement
Government
grants
 Rental grants
US Army
 Hotel/Motel
Corps of
Vouchers
Engineers
 Insurance
“Blue Roof” or  American Red
similar type
Cross/Others
program
Interim
Housing
Up to 18 months
Apts./ Rental
Housing /
Seasonal
Permanent
18 months >
Lease or purchase
of Single Family
Multi-family
Mobile Homes
Travel Trailers
Mobile Homes
Group Sites
FEMA housing
assistance:
 Repair
grants
 Replacement
grants
 Rental
grants
 Insurance
FEMA Other Needs
assistance:
 SBA Loans
 HUD
 VA
 USDA Rural
Development
 Replacement
grants
 Rental grants
 Voluntary and
faith-based
organizations
 Unmet Needs
Committee
Private Insurance
D. Post-Disaster Housing Incident Action Plan / Situational Reporting
“When deemed necessary by the Director of Emergency Management and the
Hometown Executive Leadership, the Emergency Operations Center’s Planning Section
will initially incorporate key components of the disaster housing mission in the Incident
Action Plan. This will be a unified effort among the Emergency Support Function (ESF)
personnel and from players outlined or referenced in the Post-Disaster Redevelopment
Plan or Post Disaster Redevelopment Plan Ordinance. They will draft the PostDisaster Incident Action Plan. This Incident Action Plan is being developed for all
response operations in compliance with local planning procedures.
These initial
disaster housing components will focus on the response efforts coordinated by
Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care and other health and human services
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 27
providers supporting sheltering operations. The Incident Action Plan will provide an
overview of the response status and initial incident operational objectives. The
Emergency Operations Center will dictate the continued updated of Incident Action
Plans throughout the response phase and beyond.4”
The Disaster Housing Coordinator, in coordination with state and Federal partners, will
develop a detailed disaster housing mission plan(s) as soon as practicable. The first
disaster housing mission plan should be developed within two weeks of the disaster
impact followed by a major update within thirty days of the disaster impact. Updates will
be developed in monthly increments thereafter (D+14, D+30, D+60, D+90, etc).
As the disaster housing mission progresses through the four major disaster housing
phases listed in the table below, the plan should be expanded. The table also
summarizes housing resources by class and timeframe and who is expected to provide
the housing resource.”
Focus of Strategic Disaster Housing Plans
Strategic Housing Plans
Focuses
D+15




D+30


D+60



D+90




Focus on the needs for extended sheltering
Assess damage impact on housing
Establish initial “ball park” forecast on temporary housing
needs
Identify county-specific temporary housing options (with
focus on population retention)
Update initial forecast on temporary housing needs
Confirm and incorporate changes to the county-specific
strategies
Review and refine the overall temporary housing efforts
Status review of temporary housing mission
Validate temporary housing needs forecast and mission
timeframe based on FEMA Applicant Registrations
Confirm and review progress of county-specific strategies
Focus on the long-term housing needs assessed
Provide a strategy for long-term housing recovery (local
repopulation strategy)
Mark a transition of focus from temporary housing to longterm housing
For a checklist of objectives which may be included in the Incident Action Plan see
Appendix O.
4
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 28
E. Coordination of Survivor Information and Needs
“Mass care and human services are necessary to provide for the most immediate and
long-range needs of disaster survivors: shelter and feeding; transient and interim
housing; care of unaccompanied children, the aged, and others unable to care for
themselves; disaster welfare inquiry; and provision of various types of human services
assistance to survivors. All of these services are provided through the coordinated
efforts of governmental, non-profit and volunteer agencies. The purpose of this section
is to outline guidelines for coordinating the planning and coordination of mass care,
disaster housing and related emergency human services in the short and long term
recovery phases.”
“In the event that the President declares a Federal disaster, which allows Federal funds
to be used to assist recovery, the following steps must be taken to activate disaster
housing assistance:
 Residents in the declared area apply for Federal Emergency Management Agency
Housing Assistance by registering with FEMA through the Tele-registration system
(1-800-621-3362) or by visiting a Disaster Recovery Center (DRC)
 An inspector verifies the loss of the damaged property.
 Within approximately ten days of the inspector’s visit, the applicant receives a determination
letter from the Federal Emergency Management Agency with the eligible/ineligible decision.


When local existing housing options have been exhausted or are infeasible,
temporary housing units may be used to house disaster survivors including travel
trailers, mobile homes, park units, etc. Once the appropriate options have been
determined by the State, temporary housing may be placed on an eligible family’s
private property, on a pre-existing commercial pad or, as a last resort, on a new
group site approved by local officials and constructed and maintained by FEMA.
Applicants may be referred to the Small Business Administration for a low interest
loan or other Federal agencies for additional aid. (see www.disasterassistance.gov)
Federal Client Management System (CMS)
The Community has delegated the handling of local long-term housing recovery and
transition to permanent housing to the Director of Housing and Human Services. Under
this position with the collaboration of the Long-Term Recovery Organization, an
effective local Client Management System must be established to address
comprehensive disaster-related housing recovery needs and the coordination of
available resources in the community. The Housing and Human Services / Long-Term
Recovery Organization will conduct the following tasks to capture the needs, assistance
provided and any gaps in resources:
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 29





F.
Screening and interviewing of Client/Survivor needs in order to determine
whether a disaster-related need exists,
Verification of information to ensure loss suffered and to help prevent duplication
of benefits,
Unmet Needs Committee Gap Analysis and Recovery Plan to address how to
bridge the gaps between what the survivor is able to accomplish and what is
actually required from outside sources to stabilize and become self-sufficient,
Commitments by agencies to provide assistance and resources available
including a date,
Follow Up and Case Closure to ensure the survivor understands any
commitments for assistance.”
Command and Control
Shelter Phase: The Shelter Phase of the disaster housing mission will be managed by
the Mass Care/Shelter Coordinator within Hometown’s Emergency Operations Center.
For additional information reference the Hometown Comprehensive Emergency
Management Plan.
Transitional Shelter Phase: The transitional shelter phase will be managed initially by
the Mass Care/Shelter Coordination in close coordination with the Disaster Housing
Coordinator. The initial stages of this phase will continue to be managed at the
Emergency Operations Center with gradual transition to the Recovery Operations
Center which is under the supervision of the {insert position}
Interim Shelter Phase & Permanent Housing: The interim shelter phase and all
remaining phases are managed by the Disaster Housing Taskforce at the Recovery
Operations Center in close coordination with the Joint Field Office.
The Disaster
Housing Coordinator is responsible for directing these efforts and coordinating these
efforts with State and Federal Disaster Housing programs. The Community
Organizations Active in Disasters, Volunteer Organizations Active in Disasters or Long
Term Recovery Coalition can assist by providing volunteers and donated resources to
meet unmet needs.
Note: This section will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
It should be
tailored to address the local emergency response and recovery organizational
structures of the jurisdiction. References to titles and documents should be locally
specific. Some local jurisdictions may not choose to activate a Recovery Operations
Center and, therefore, should identify how the command and control of the disaster
housing will be maintained.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 30
G. Exit Strategy
FederalThe disaster housing mission is designed to provide temporary disaster housing
for a period of up to 18 months.
Efforts should be made to discourage attitudes of permanency among disaster housing
sites. Restoration of the community is the best way to return a disaster struck area to
normal. Temporary housing complexes which create new communities generally do not
aid such restoration. Group sites should be located and developed so residents can
make maximum use of existing community facilities. Locating sites outside of settled
areas may shift settlement patterns, weaken the value of existing facilities and require
new transportation services or new facilities.
Successful client management will identify the functional needs of the survivors and can
assist by pooling resources to address the challenges these residents face in finding
permanent housing. Upfront is the identification of eligible Federal disaster assistance.
However, provision of appropriate social services, assistance and counseling early in
the process will be essential as will be the monitoring of the progress. Obstacles such
as employment, transportation, childcare, affordable housing options, education or
disasbility should be identified with a shared goal of addressing the issues and moving
familities to permanent housing. 5
H. Public, Private, Non-profit and Faith-based Partners
When Federal, state and local assistance is not sufficient, the Community Organizations
Active in Disasters, Volunteer Oorganizations Active in Disasters , Unmet Needs
Committee or Long-Term Recovery Organization (LTRO) may provide an essential
linkage among the volunteer organizations and faith-based partners to meet these
needs through donationed volunteer time and resources.
The Disaster Housing Taskforce will consider the following variables when developing
the exit strategy
 Ability of residents to find employment and maintain a consistent income
 Availability of affordable permanent housing within the community
 Ability of residents to locate needed social services such transportation, medical
care, childcare and schools
 Ability of residents to finance home repairs, locate necessary supplies and
licensed contractors
5
Communities may consider deleting this paragraph once an effective client management system has been
established.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 31


Ability to restore vital infrastucture with all areas of the community
The transfer of mobile housing units to volunteer organizations
I. Maintaining Operational Readiness for the Disaster Housing Mission
Due to need for complex decision coordination and time sensitive nature required in the
implementation of the disaster housing mission, it is essential to engage in ongoing
planning activities in order to maintain the operational readiness of the disaster housing
program. Preparedness efforts should include the maintenance of policies, inventories,
and vital information needed in the immediate post-disaster environment including:
 A process for the real-time identification of vacant hotel, motel, and seasonal
units.
 Advance coordination with real estate representatives/property managers for
identification of vacant rental properties, and property owners of vacant lands.
 Initial planning, mapping, and design for post-disaster prioritized vacant lands for
potential disaster housing groups sites.
 Preparation of emergency authorities related to the disaster housing mission
including expedited permitting processes, or temporary waiver of zoning
restrictions which may inhibit the disaster housing mission.
 Ongoing training and exercise of key disaster housing core team members
including temporary roofing program, emergency repairs, temporary housing and
stakeholder coordination with local, state and Federal partners.
 Maintenance of pre-identified disaster housing command and control facilities,
staging areas, data connectivity systems (Client Management System),
personnel inventories, equipment and supplies.
 Development of a Standard Operating Procedure led by the Disaster Housing
Coordinator and supported by the Community Leadership and Administrators to
provide a business process for client intake and case management to ensure
residents are not left without information and resources not typically provided by
State and Federal disaster programs.”
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 32
V.
Housing Strategies
Pet Shelters
(0-21 days)
A.
Community
Centers
Convention
Centers
(10-60 days)
Rental Units
Travel
Trailers
Mobile
Homes
Group Sites
Big Box
Permanent Housing
Special
Needs
Shelters
Hotels /
Motels
Interim Housing
Evacuation
Shelters
Transitional Housing
Emergency Shelter
It is vital to transition displaced families to a more stable and secure housing alternative
in the aftermath of the disaster. As disaster situations improve, all internal and external
partners will focus their efforts on transitioning displaced residents back to their predisaster dwellings or, if those dwellings cannot be re-inhabited, other permanent
housing options.
Home
Construction
HUD Housing
Post Disaster
Redevelopm
ent Plans
(30 days – 18 months)
Emergency Shelter Operations
Hometown Community has a total of XX risk shelters which serve as emergency
evacuation refuge prior to, during, and, to a limited capacity, in the post-disaster
environment.
These shelters have sufficient capacity and support services to
accommodate numerous vulnerable individuals and families. In addition, these facilities
are dispersed throughout the community and their location is generally known to the
immediate community members. All evacuation shelters in Hometown Community are
constructed to meet the Enhanced Hurricane Protection Area Standard and the
American Red Cross 4496 Standard. These facilities can be efficiently secured, and are
handicapped accessible. Risk shelters also have kitchens for meal preparation and
sanitation. These shelters, however, offer limited privacy for the family unit because
individualized space is not practical; and although they can potentially house a large
number of people, evacuation shelters should not be utilized for long-term housing
needs due to the need to reopen those facilities, particularly schools for their primary
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 33
use. Returning children to school allows parents to return to work. This is a vital step in
the community recovery process.
Detailed operational procedures for the management of evacuation shelters may be
referenced in the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and the American Red
Cross Standard Operating Procedure.
B.
Transitional Shelters
When emergency shelters are no longer sufficient or available but traditional interim
housing is not yet available, communities may use hotel or motels or facilities such as
arenas or convention centers may be altered to provide the additional space and
privacy.
Convention Centers/ Community Centers (Congregate Shelters)
If necessary, transitional housing may be located at Hometown’s Convention
Centers, and Hometown Community Center. These locations may be beneficial
for short-term solutions, but generally do not provide a suitable long term housing
solution for families. The interim housing solutions should immediately refocus
on strategies that provide safe, sanitary, and functional housing for individuals up
to eighteen months. This may include the use of all of the options listed in the
following sections.”
Big Box Options, Warehouses (Congregate shelters)
“Hometown Community has numerous vacant warehouses located along the
primary transportation corridor. Vacant warehouses may serve a number of
purposes in the aftermath of a disaster including disaster housing. Through the
customization of prefabricated pods, aluminum framing systems, and structural
insulated panels, it is possible to transform the existing infrastructure of an
abandoned big box into a personalized interim home. Big Box structures are
simple in design with a large open floor plan and are located in either a strip of
retail stores or isolated stand along site. The isolated site avoids sandwiching the
residents’ homes between a retail center and a parking lot. However, the isolated
site may also be at a geographic distance from other necessary services
including retail providers, medical care, schools and others. Some big boxes had
a food center. Through the installation of prefabricated pod which include
fixtures, plumbing and electrical capabilities encompassed within its own shell.
The big box could be expediently retrofitted to accommodate families.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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C.
Hotel & Motel Placement
“Placement of survivors in hotel and motel accommodations is the preferred and most
immediate transient housing solution. Hometown Community has approximately hotel
and motel accommodations with a total capacity of close to X units. Appendix C has an
abbreviated sample of the hotel and motel database for Hometown Community. The list
also provides the facility vulnerability to storm surge or flooding. This would be a major
factor in a coastal flooding event as many of the hotel/motel facilities are located on the
coast.
The following are sources of information related to real-time bed counts which
Hometown Community will access in the aftermath of a disaster. A complete listing of
data on transient lodging of all licensed lodging establishments may be located on the
website
of
the
Business
and
Professional
Regulations
website
at:
www.myfloridalicense.com/dbpr/sto/file_download/ hr_lodging.shtml.
Lodging types included in the data are not only commonly known facilities such as
hotels and motels that provide units for transient lodging year-round, but also include
resort condominiums and resort dwellings that regularly provide units for rent more than
three times in a calendar year for periods each lasting less than one calendar month.
This online database also lists condominiums and apartments which may be utilized
during the disaster housing process.
As part of the Damage Assessment, the Convention and Visitors’ Bureau will contact all
hotel/motel management to determine their damage status and the availability of rooms.
Power will need to be restored in order for the rooms to be available for disaster
survivors, emergency response workers or disaster volunteers. The CVB will continue to
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 35
monitor the status and report to the Disaster Housing Coordinator.
Initial payment of for the survivor’s occupancy in the hotels and motels will typically be
made by the American Red Cross until the Stafford Act’s Individual Assistance Program
until FEMA is activated. Funds are then transferred directly to the survivor. Direct
payment by Federal Emergency Management Agency to the hotel may be possible but
is less likely.
Throughout the placement process it is vital to consider the functional needs of the
survivors. Priority placement of persons with disabilities and special needs clients
should be given to handicap accessible units within hotels and motels when possible.
Similarly, survivors may also have to accommodate their pets. The State Tourism
Department maintains a list of hotels that will accept pets. Hotels and motels may also
choose to temporarily waive prohibitions against pets during the initial disaster period.
The CVB should determine this when contact is made regarding status and room
availability.
D.
Interim Housing Programs
Emergency Repair Program: Temporary Roofing Program/Blue Roof
“Hometown Community’s Temporary Roofing Program is under the authority of the
Growth Management Division. The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
liaison and its’ trained contract staff will report directly to the Emergency Management
Director who will activate the blue roof mission for the Community. Under this program,
the US Army Corps of Engineers provides temporary roof coverings (i.e. blue tarps) to
cover damaged roofs of private homes. The temporary roof coverings are applied
directly to damaged roofs by US Army Corps of Engineers contracted personnel.
Following is a list of actions which must be performed to implement the Blue Roof
Mission:
 Identify and Prioritize: Upon completion of the initial damage assessment process,
teams will identify and prioritize severely impacted geographic regions within
Hometown Community.
 Installation: Personnel will be tasked to apply the tarps to damaged roofs in the most
severely impacted areas first on single and multi family homes with asphalt or
shingle type of roof covering. Metal roofs, tile roofs, and mobile homes are not
eligible.
 Right of Entry: In order to install tarps, homeowners must complete a right of entry
form.
 Information Coordination: A daily briefing will be conducted providing a status
update of the number and location of temporary roof installations conducted.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 36


Staffing: The US Army Corp of Engineers also teams with local partners to assist in
the blue roof mission. The Division of Community Services, working with Emergency
Support Function (ESF) 15 Volunteers and Donations, may identify and train
volunteers to support the temporary roofing/Blue Roof mission.
Bulk Distribution: If necessary, the EOC may decide to distribute temporary roof
coverings to citizens with significant roof damage after a large scale disaster. If the
roof coverings are provided to the Community for distribution from state and or
Federal resources, then the supplies will be received at the Community Staging Area
and distributed to local Points of Distribution throughout the Community as supplies
are available. Residents will be able to pick up these state/Federally supplied
resources at their closest point of distribution. For additional information related to
Bulk Distribution reference the Hometown Logistics Section Standard Operating
Procedure”
Additional Emergency Repair Program
Private Rental Properties
“Based upon available vacancy rates, and affordability, rental properties may be
available to provide survivors Interim Housing options. The amount of rental assistance
is based on the fair market rate as determined by Housing and Urban Development
(HUD) and may be viewed at http://portal.hud.gov/ app_nhls on the National Housing
Locator (NHL), which is also a searchable, web-based clearinghouse of available rental
housing nation-wide after a disaster. The median rent paid by Hometown Community
households in 2000 was $X per month, compared to a statewide median rent of $641.
In Hometown Community and the surrounding metro area, the HUD Fair Market Rent in
2009, representing rent for a typical modest apartment, was $X for a studio apartment,
$X for a one-bedroom, $X for a two-bedroom, $X for a three-bedroom, and $X for a
four-bedroom unit. In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the policy of Fair Market Rent
was redefined to include not only the HUD stipulated fair market rent but to also include
the cost of any transportation, utility hook-ups, or unit installation.
Depending upon the time of the year, Hometown Community will have an influx of
available properties. The summer and early fall months tend to have the most units
available; therefore, it would be highly valuable to identify the properties that are
typically vacant during this period of a head of time. Data related to vacant rental and
seasonal property can be located at numerous sources including:
 The Community Property Appraiser, which has a database listing all commercial
income producing properties.
 Property Management Companies, which maintain comprehensive lists of
properties that are available for rent, and
 Realtors, which have access to multiple listing databases.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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
Information on the availability of commercial/industrial structures at a specific
time is available from several websites:
o Loopnet at www.loopnet.com - Loopnet is a listing service for commercial
properties only.
o Loopnet permits non-subscribers limited browsing access and full access
to subscribers ($39.95 per month). Properties, which have been listed for
less than 30 days, are available to subscribers only.
o www.commrex.com - Florida COMMREX is the Florida component of
COMMREX, a nationwide listing service for commercial properties.
Though Florida COMMREX does not have as many listings as Loopnet,
COMMREX permits visitor’s unrestricted access to listings.
o www.propertybbs.com – This website provides a listing service for
commercial properties in the State of Florida. The service does allow
unrestricted access to all listings.
Properties in Foreclosure
“Hometown Community is committed to identifying and exploring all potential disaster
housing options regardless of whether they are ultimately employed by decision makers
in the aftermath of the disaster. The utilization of vacant homes which are currently in
foreclosure is highly controversial and may not be viewed favorably by the financial
industry. There are many potential legal, financial, and long-term economic implications
of tapping into the foreclosure real estate assets as disaster housing options in
Hometown Community. Hometown Community, FEMA, and the State of Florida would
not typically provide programs or services associated with subsidized post-disaster
housing programs with single family homes currently in some level of foreclosure. The
utilization of foreclosed property would be established, as a last resort, only as a referral
program by Hometown Community placing disaster survivors in contact with property
owners, banks, or property manager who might offer the property for rental. The issues
of property condition, unpaid liens, rental arrangements, etc would be too manpower
intensive to address as a primary resource for temporary post-disaster housing.
The foreclosure process entails a multitude of steps which may last in excess of two
years. Post-Disaster, some homes may be vacant while others may be occupied.
Ideally, the Federal, state, and local partners would work cooperatively to identify vacant
homes where the lender has already officially filed a Lis Pendens. Some homes may
require repairs while others would be available for immediate occupancy if permission
were granted.
Under these circumstances, the lender has the ultimate decision
whether the home may be leased to disaster survivors.”
Universities & Colleges and Student Housing (State and Private)
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 38
“In the event of a disaster, colleges and universities may be used to temporarily house
survivors. Many campus housing units are left unoccupied for several months during
the year. Hometown has two universities and one private college that may be evaluated
for use in the post-disaster environment. Hometown has established agreements with
Hometown University North and South, as well as, Towncenter College in order to
utilize a share of the unoccupied housing units during the months of May through
August. Once an agreement has been reached, these facilities may be used as a
temporary housing source for displaced survivors.
Currently, Hometown University North estimates that XXX dormitory rooms during the
months of May (early) through August (late) could be made available. Hometown
University South would have approximately XXX rooms available during the same
period of time. Both North and South campuses have a self contained infrastructure
and both contain their own power plants and water treatment facilities; therefore,
making these locations ideal for temporary housing.
Existing Federally Owned / Government-Owned Housing Projects
“Hometown has a number of government-owned facilities including residential public
housing units that may be utilized for the disaster housing purposes. However, most
public housing is at capacity and has a waiting list for qualified potential residents. If
these units survive without significant damage, Hometown will be able to house
approximately XX families in these facilities. A map of these locations can be found in
Appendix XX.”
E. Direct Housing
Direct Housing on Private Lot
“The primary method of providing direct housing assistance is to install a mobile
housing unit on an applicant’s private lot or driveway and temporarily connect it to
existing utilities. This allows homeowners to remain within close vicinity of their home
during the repair process, allows children to remain within their existing schools/daycare
centers, and provides survivor’s access to their customary social setting, existing
medical services, and retailers. Furthermore, this strategy takes advantage of the
existing infrastructure capacities for the community. The Disaster Housing Strategy’s
goal is to place up to seventy percent of the direct housing mission on survivors’ private
property. With seventy-one percent of the overall population of Hometown owning their
homes, this may be a reasonable goal.
However, a number of environmental and regulatory obstacles may hinder the
implementation of this strategy. Many communities within Hometown are deed
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 39
restricted or gated communities with restrictive homeowner association policies limiting
where a mobile housing unit may be placed and how long this unit may remain onsite.
It would be a decision of the homeowner’s association to waive any restrictions limiting
the use of mobile housing units on private homeowner lots. In addition, some
communities lie within flood zones; therefore, placement of mobile units is generally not
recommended unless catastrophic level conditions mandate extreme measures. Lastly,
condominiums are numerous in many areas of Hometown and options should be
explored to placing FEMA trailers onsite including open areas and parking lots if
available.
Following are the basic steps that should be followed when requesting a mobile unit for
a private lot:
 Community’s Disaster Housing Coordinator or designee notifies Joint Housing
Operations Command and requests a mobile housing unit for a private site.
 Contractor provides a unit tracking form with an identification number for the unit.
 Contractor sends an inspector to check private site for debris, utilities, and size and
determines necessary permits.
 If site is approved, then the inspector notifies the Contractor and provides the field
coordinate units (GPS) to the Contractor.
 Contractor determines if permits are necessary and works with Hometown’s Housing
Coordinator to apply for any necessary site permits.
 Once necessary permits are received, the Contractor’s logistics structure is notified
and a unit is assigned to the site from a staging area. The unit’s serial number is
assigned to the unit tracking form.
 Unit leaves the staging area site and meets the inspector making the initial
assessment of the site and assures that the following set up steps are taken:
o Blocking
o Skirting
o Anchors
o Access built
o Clean up and ready for occupancy
 Once site is approved, the unit tracking form is completed with the address and
serial number of the unit, as well as a picture of the unit on site.”
Direct Housing on Business and Commercially-Owned Property
“Economic redevelopment is vital to community restoration in the aftermath of a largescale disaster. The business community must immediately resume activities in order to
provide necessary goods and services to the residents. When feasible, business
owners may choose to place temporary mobile units on their commercial property in
order to permit employees and their families to continue to work. While it is preferable
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 40
to place all mobile units on privately-owned residential lots, many employees may not
have this option because they do not own a residential lot, they do not have the ability to
safely access their home or business site, or other public safety or utility challenges
preclude this option. On a case by case basis, Hometown may choose to temporarily
waive zoning restrictions on business and commercial property to temporarily allow
disaster housing options.
Various commercial or industrial structures may be suitable for conversion to temporary
housing in a worst-case scenario in which all other temporary housing resources are
exhausted. In addition, some partially developed or undeveloped commercial/industrial
properties may be suitable for setting mobile homes or travel trailers. In addition,
vacant office space in surrounding businesses may serve as appropriate means for
temporarily house individuals if mobile homes or travel trailers prove to be overly
problematic. Hometown will make every effort to consider these options in their housing
strategy.”
Direct Housing on Existing Mobile Home Parks & Recreational Vehicle Sites
“Hometown has XX mobile home housing parks with a total of XXX lots. These mobile
home parks have existing utility hook-ups, infrastructure, and available community
services. In parks where there are vacancies, FEMA may lease the pad and install the
housing unit. Considering that over XX percent of the mobile home parks in Hometown
Community are ”single owner”, these mobile home parks may become an important
immediate housing alternative until group sites can be established.
In the event of a significant wind event, a large portion of the Community’s existing
mobile home and recreational vehicle stock could be destroyed or otherwise rendered
uninhabitable. Once the debris of the former housing units has been cleared, additional
vacant spaces over the current estimated number may become available. However, in
all likelihood, any spaces, which become available due to the destruction of units, will be
utilized by the former resident households of the space for the location of a new housing
unit. Therefore, the number of spaces, which would be available to disaster survivors
who are not currently mobile home or Recreational Vehicle Park residents, should be
estimated at the current vacant number. When possible, it may be advantageous to
expand existing mobile home parks and travel trailer parks on a temporary basis in
order to increase the total number of mobile units at the site.
Mobile home parks remain politically and socially controversial in the State of Florida.
Mobile homes represent a low cost housing alternative and are largely occupied by
elderly populations and low income residents.
These populations are particularly
vulnerable in the post-disaster environment. When evaluating the use and/or expansion
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 41
of existing parks, the stress factor that this places on the existing population must be
considered as well. Compromises to unit spacing and overall size should be
considered. Additionally, mobile home parks may have age restrictions in place which
would restrict placement options. For additional information related to regulatory
requirements, see the section below.”
Establishing New Disaster Housing Group Sites
“As a last resort, Hometown in partnership with state and Federal agencies, may decide
that the development of group sites may be the best available option to meet the needs
of displaced renters or homeowners who cannot place a mobile housing unit on their
private property. The following factors must be considered:
a. Preliminary List of Public/Private Land
Hometown has developed a list of public and private owned properties which may be
evaluated for use as group sites in the aftermath of a disaster. The list has been
included in Appendix D. As funds and resources permit, Hometown will conduct
preliminary evaluation based upon the criteria listed below and rank the properties
most likely to be used in the aftermath of a disaster. Hometown understands that
the final selection of actual group site locations will based upon the magnitude of the
disaster, the geographic location of the most severely impacted areas, and
economic and political considerations in the immediate post-disaster environment.
On an annual basis, Hometown, in partnership with other agencies, should consider
the evaluation of potential properties which could be used as group sites in the
aftermath of a disaster. The following organizations have information to support the
property inventory: Real Estate Services, Property Appraiser, School Board District,
and the Parks Department.
b. Recommended Site Criteria:
 Size: It is less desirable to place a large disaster housing site on a single large
piece of property. Smaller sites of about 4 to 5 acres each are preferable. The
preferred manufactured home size is 14' X 60". Six to ten units can be planned
per acre. Trailer emergency group sites can consider using 8' X 32' trailers and
should plan five acres per 100 trailers.
 Location: Sites should preferably be located near their pre-disaster home
neighborhoods and accessible to human support services such as grocery
stores, schools and daycare centers, transportation routes, medical services, etc.
 Topography: The existing topography of the area will impact unit placement,
drainage and other factors. While the Community is most very flat, drainage may
be of concern.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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






Ownership: Land that is in public ownership will be under the direct control of
the governing body. Many useable lands may be owned by the School Board
and considered in their long term-term development. Privately owned lands
should only be used with the permission of the land owner and will require lease
agreements and payment among other legal issues. Private property that has
been previously cleared and prepped for planned construction, or sites on
regularly maintained grass lawn are preferred. Examples may include land being
held for future development for housing, shopping centers, business parks, and
agricultural fields.
Environmental Impacts: Group site locations are evaluated for environmental
impacts including contamination (Brownfields), floodplain and wetland rules and
restrictions, protected habitats and endangered species requirements. Additional
regulatory environmental requirements are discussed in the Regulatory
Obstacles section of this plan.
Hazardous Materials: Contamination could be prevalent in areas located in a
commercial and industrial areas or property around compromised utilities (wastewater/solid waste disposal). The sites should also be evaluated whether there
are above-ground or underground storage tanks in the vicinity which could cause
contamination. Adjoining land uses including industrial uses, agricultural uses,
and others could introduce the potential for hazardous materials in air
(smokestacks, pesticides/herbicides), water (industrial sewage, wastewater,
disease), or land (contaminated soil, gas tank leaks, superfund sites, Brownfield
sites) that could affect the health of future residents.
FEMA Flood Zone: The location with a FEMA Flood Zone and/or surge zone
could impact the safety of this site selection. Sites outside of the 100-year
floodplain that have adequate storm water drainage systems would be
preferable.
Open water and wetlands: Open water bodies could be a source of waterborne disease, child safety, and other hazards, and can often create costly
construction difficulties. This is difficult since of Hometown is surrounded by
ocean water, inlets, canals, lakes, and wetlands.
Compatibility of Surrounding Uses: The uses which surround the site may
also impact the feasibility for a disaster housing site.
Utilities: Adequate utilities are essential and an evaluation must be made as to
whether the utilities should be installed above ground or below the ground. If an
event is large enough to mandate that infrastructure be installed into the ground,
“Class A” permanent infrastructure at an appropriate density for permanent
housing after the disaster is over should be used. An evaluation must also be
made whether sufficient capacity exists in the utility infrastructure.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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


Livability: The overall evaluation should also include a consideration of the
likelihood that applicants will want to live at the group sites and the surrounding
land uses. If the location is too undesirable, then survivors may choose
alternatives.
Ingress and Egress: Transportation resources must have adequate capacity on
the roadway, as well as safe ingress and egress.
Site Set-up: Following is a list of the basic step to set-up a group site:
o Site Selection
o Site Design, Inspection and Approval
o Site Preparation
o Utility Installation
o Unit Arrival
o Set-up Completion
o Blocking
o Skirting
o Anchors
o Access construction
o Furniture installation
o Occupancy
o Site Clean up
o Certificate of Completion
c. Wrap-around Services:
Beyond basic housing, residents may require extensive human support services in
the immediate aftermath of a disaster including public transportation assistance,
official document replacement, job counseling, mental health services, mail services,
first response for fire and medical services, activities for children, storage, trash
collection, security, outdoor recreation, and mail collection. As much as possible,
shopping, transportation, consumer services, and utilities should be provided by
existing systems. Remote locations may require supplementary public transportation
to schools, jobs, and shopping. If retail trade is seriously affected, mobile services
may be required to deliver food and other goods. If site residents have lost much of
their clothing, remaining items will have to be laundered more frequently. Laundry
facilities must be accessible. Additional on-site facilities, such as recreation and
communal spaces, should be provided within all but small sites. Recreation and
social services such as day-care should be available.
FEMA, the State of Florida, local jurisdictions and the non-profits and volunteer
agencies should be ready to respond to requests for wrap- around services for
temporary housing residents in the following areas, working in collaboration with the
State and local jurisdictions.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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1. Site Security and Safety – Public Safety, Site Security, Traffic Redirection and
Restoration of Access
2. Infrastructure to Support Site – Public Utilities/Public Works, Public
Transportation, Recycling and solid waste
3. Centralized Services/Mass Care – Access to Healthcare/Medical Service,
Counseling, Employment, Business and Legal Services, Food Availability,
Laundry Facilities, Retail
4. Community and Family Supports – Community Services, Childcare,
Playgrounds/Pet Area
Site Plans
“Maintenance: Maintenance of travel trailers and mobile home units will initially be
accomplished by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers designated contractors for the first thirty
days.
Recertification: Recertification begins one month after a unit is occupied and continues
on a monthly basis until the applicant locates other housing or repairs are complete.”
Vacant Developments and Vacant Cleared Lands
There are vacant development/subdivisions throughout Hometown that are both publicly
and privately owned. The advantage of identifying vacant Development/subdivisions, is
that these sites may be cleared, may have existing infrastructure and utility components
either in the design phase or installed, and are likely permitted for long-term residential
use. In addition to the vacant developments, Hometown also identifies, maps, and
monitors other vacant cleared lands which may be available for use as disaster housing
group sites. It is beneficial if these lands are located in close vicinity to transportation
corridors, have potential access to basic utility services, and are in close proximity to
other community services. For those that are privately owned, there may be significant
incentives for private land developers to work with the community, state, and FEMA
officials to utilize these properties for disaster housing. FEMA may be willing to install
permanent infrastructure or improve the land to make it habitable if the formula is
sufficiently cost effective for disaster housing purposes. Private landowners may be
willing to consider an agreement or Memorandum of Understanding (MOU).
Some vacant development/subdivisions may also be in the state of foreclosure and
have outstanding bonds in place for the development of infrastructure. In the post disaster environment, these properties could become attractive for use as disaster
housing sites. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers may be willing to install infrastructure
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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components in order to make the land viable for disaster housing use. For a listing of
the vacant lands which may be used as Group Sites see Appendix D.
F. Catastrophic Events
In the aftermath of a catastrophic incident, the challenges for disaster housing and
community redevelopment are signiciantly increased. Policy choices, which may seem
unacceptable during sunny day operations, may begin to increase in acceptability when
community homes and infrastructure are largely destroyed. All segments of the
community, including businesses and government agencies, must return to the
impacted area in order to rebuild the community and ensure long-term viability. The
magnitude and severity of a catastrophic disaster will mandate that a portion of the
survivors relocate to host communities for a period of time until infrastructure systems
can again sustain habitability. Disaster housing strategies must remain flexible and
creative to support the community’s long-term viability.
A. Soft sided Shelter Options: Tents: In the aftermath of a catastrophic disaster,if
persons displaced from their homes by a disaster cannot be accommodated in
existing shelters and/or vacant residential units, the State DEM may request that
FEMA establish tent cities or temporary mobile home parks to meet temporary
disaster housing needs. A tent city is a self-contained community within which all
basic human needs can be met. Facilities may include potable water trucks,
restroom trailers, shower trailers, laundry trailers, a recreation/school structure,
and an administrative structure. Other items such as telephone banks, ATM
machines, a convenience store, and a post office could also be provided on-site.
Law enforcement and fire-rescue services would be provided on a 24-hour basis
by local government or through mutual aid.
Depending on the magnitude of demand for housing units and the amenities
furnished, tent cities can require up to 46 acres of open space. Regardless of the
size, the site must be characterized by a hard surface or well-drained soils. If the
site is characterized by loose soils, a 4" layer of large gravel would be required
for drainage base.
Due to Hometown Community’s vulnerability to repeated disaster impacts, (such
as multiple hurricanes within the same season), it is preferable to identify
temporary disaster housing options which continue to provide the highest degree
of public safety as possible. Many soft sided options may not have high wind
load thresholds. Large prefabricated, clear-span, aluminum and specialized
fabric structures may be available that provide an increased level of wind loading
capability and public safety protection. This is the preferred option in Hometown.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 46
Similarly, it is preferable to provide air-conditioned tents, individual 12' by 12'
walled units with a single doors for each resident household with privacy. Based
on American Red Cross guidelines for long-term housing, this would provide 240
square feet per household, or 60 square feet per person for a household of four
persons. The complete tent city should be ready for occupancy by disaster
survivors within three to six weeks from time of activation.
All large quantity of tent components are available from vendor inventories, and,
in most cases, are deliverable within seventy-two (72) hours. Although a tent city
will adequately provide for all basic housing-related needs, it is generally
recognized as the least desirable temporary housing alternative, and that it would
be employed only in a disaster of tremendous magnitude that resulted in
temporary housing needs exceeding the capacity of all other feasible
alternatives.
b.
Floating Disaster Housing Options: Floating options may be suitable for
Hometown which is located along the Atlantic Coast and as a marine port of
deep water port of sufficient capacity to dock cruise ships and similar large
vessels. Furthermore, in the aftermath of a disaster the Port Master has
permitted dock space to temporarily house disaster survivors. An agreement is
available in Appendix N. This can allow for immediate occupancy of several
hundred to several thousand people with no conflict of land use. Cruise ships
also have all the necessary food and sanitation services; therefore they can
serve as an effective housing option for Hometown. Floating options, however,
do pose some challenges to the Port because temporary housing will interrupt
normal port operations and might interfere with the tourism industry. Hometown
will provide public transit options for occupants to access schools, hospitals,
stores, as well as, places of employment.
Note: This section will only be applicable to coastal jurisdiction with a marina and/or
port that can accommodate large vessels such as cruise ships. Furthermore, the
master of the port must be willing to allow this use which may conflict with post-disaster
good and service deliveries via marine vessels.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Page 47
VI.
Roles and Responsibilities for Jurisdictional Agencies and
Organizations
“Following is a detailed delineation of roles and responsibilities assigned to Community
organizations in the aftermath of disaster. As detailed below, assigned roles and
responsibilities should be further refined within organizational SOPs, policies, and
guidelines. It is the responsibility of each agency to assign and train their internal
personnel to fulfill the assigned responsibilities.
The following organizations comprise the Pos- Disaster Recovery Coalition:
 Hometown manager, or designee.
 The community development and environmental services administrator, or designee.
 Transportation administrator, or designee.
 Public utilities administrator, or designee.
 Health department director, or designee.
 Emergency management director, or designee.
 Human services director, or designee.
 Hometown fire code official, or designee.
 Emergency medical services director, or designee.
 Hometown communications and customer relations director, or designee.
 A representative from the American Red Cross.
 A representative from the school district of the Hometown.
 A representative from the Howetowne Building Industry Association, Inc.
 A representative from the Community sheriff's office.
 A representative from the Community's property appraiser's office.
 Chair, or vice chair, of the local mitigation strategy working group.”
Long-term Recovery Organization: Under the direction of the Community Manager, or
designee, will oversee all long-term recovery actions. They will support the case
management process to support the long term recovery needs of disaster survivors and
coordinate with all non-profit and faithbased organizations in Hometown Community to
support recovery efforts and expedite the transition back to permanent housing
solutions and pre disaster conditions. They will coordinate with the State Emergency
Operations Center, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers to activate disaster housing resouces. The Chair will coordinate
policy decision with Unified Command and coordinate the execution of all necessary
executive orders in support of the disaster housing mission.”
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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Public Services Administrator: Provides assistance to all health and human service
agencies with staff from other divisions and departments as needed to ensure a rapid
recovery process. Efforts may include but not be limited to the use of parks personnel,
escalation of animal care services, augmentation of administrative support to the
Community Health Department. Assistance with extended daycare or daycamp
operations. This section also manages Library Services and Facilities.
Housing and Human Services Director, or designee: Will assume a leadership role in
coordinating the disaster housing mission. This position provides executive leadership
for the development, approval, and execution of all aspects of the disaster housing
strategy before, during, and after a large scale disaster. Preparedness efforts include
the coordination with all public, private, and non profit stakeholders for maintenance,
update, and exercise of this strategy and all associated data and site specific
information. Shall provide leadership to the Post-Disaster Incident Action Plan team
expanding his/her day to day program elements and shall develop or enhance an
existing client management system to meet the needs of the disaster housing mission.
Shall receive support from the Community Manager and Emergency Management
Director and the Long-term Recovery Organization members, contractors and nonprofits if needed to addresss transitional and long-term housing needs.
Domestic Animal Services: Support the sheltering and care for pets of displaced
families as needed.
Hometown Community Parks and Recreation Department:
Identify and survey
emergency group sites within the park system and support implementation of disaster
housing strategy.
Growth Management Administrator, or his designee: Shall serve to assist in all facets of
damage assessment, regulation and future expeditious placement of temporary housing
initiatives. This position will manage the blue roof mission, and support the
implementation of all disaster housing strategies. He will conduct the damage
assessment, habitability assessment, and coordinate permitting related issues as well
as make available all Geographic Information System tools, resources and support staff
to address land use planning regulation and pre-disaster planning. Annually evaluate
and, if necessary, revise local building codes and land use regulations to reflect the
disaster housing strategy. Monitor potential usage of future Planned Unit Development
that are near completion or completed for use as disaster housing sites in conjunction
with the Disaster Housing and Human Services Director, or designee.
Public Utilities Division: Evaluate the infrastructure support needs and designate sites
including mobile home parks which may be used as disaster housing sites. The Public
Utilities Division will also coordiante with the state and Federal partners in the design,
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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installation, and restoration of all infrastructure in support of the disaster housing
mission.
Public Utilities, Engineering, Solid Waste: Annually survey potential disaster housing
sites by evaluating infrastructure needs onsite and the capacity for sustaining
populations. Support and provide technical assistance to the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers and contractors in evaluating and implementing support infrastructure for
designated disaster housing sites. (See Appendix N for memorandum of support).
The Department of Public Safety: Provide coordination among all stakeholders on the
Federal, state, and local levels of government. They will ensure that information and
resources are effectively integrated to support the disaster housing mission before,
during, and after a large scale disaster.
The Community Communications and Public Outreach Director, or designee:
Coordinate all communications with the media, maintain the website with current
information and update PSA’s as necessary.
Administrative Services Administrator: Provides assistance with manpower, equipment
and information technology services (computer, phone, fax, etc) to assist in the areas
of client intake needs, call center needs and services, grant and administrative
personnel.
Hometown Community School District: A representative from the School District of the
Community will annually evaluate the list of vacant properties owned by the School
District to determine continued applicability for use in the disaster housing mission.
The School District may also support the evaluation and design of groups site location
in coordination with the Community, state, and Federal partners.
The Fire Marshall, or designee: Ensure compliance with all fire code regulations and
support the expedited permitting process during the plan review process.
Sheriff's Office:
Hometown Sheriff’s Office under a signed memorandum of
understanding will provide security at disaster housing sites and at emergency shelters
when not under contract with other service providers.
The Community's Property Appraiser's Office: Support the identification of residential,
commercial, and public properties which may be evaluated for disaster housing group
sites. The property appraiser also supports the post-disaster damage assessment
process.
Hometown Community Health Department: Implement emergency procedures for the
issuance of permits for mobile home/travel trailer disaster group sites. Implement the
expedited permitting process in coordination with the Hometown Community Building
Department. Implement policies that will detail requirements for the waiving of rules
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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associated with garbage, sewage, water, setback rules on lots below daily size
requirements, as permitted by Governor’s executive order.
The Community Emergency Medical Services director, or designee: Coordinate the
provision of emergency medical healthcare services in support of the disaster housing
mission
Hometown Community Chapter of the American Red Cross (ARC): Implement the
shelter strategy and support survivor placement during the interim housing process.
The ARC will also support disaster housing demand estimates and long-term client
management.
Hometown Community Board of Realtors: Coordinate with the Hometown Community
Real Estate Services in the identification, coordination, and placement of displaced
survivors in vacant residential structures and support the identification of vacant
structures and properties which may be utilizied in the disaster housing mission.”
Affiliated Volunteers: In Hometown faith-based groups and unaffiliated volunteers
coordinate initially through the local Emergency Operations Centers and Emergency
Support Functions 6 and 15. Groups include Florida Volunteers Active in Disaster,
Florida Interfaith Networking in Disaster (FIND), Community Emergency Response
Teams. These groups may provide critical resources to the disaster housing mission
throughout all phases of the disaster, from the initial emergency roofing mission to the
final housing reconstruction and placement. Representatives from faith-based and
volunteer organizations may be invited to participate with the Disaster Housing
Taskforce discussions through Emergency Support Function 15 and later through
Longterm Disaster Recovery Coalitions. Faith-based organizations and volunteers may
support case management functions. Many of these organizations may also provide
housing resources such as land or housing units. Unlicensed volunteers can perform
________________in support of the disaster housing mission. Local building policies
are determined and enforced by local building officials and vary widely by jurisdiction.
Some building officials are unwilling to allow volunteers who are licensed in other states
to work within their jurisdiction.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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VII.
Regulatory Obstacles to Disaster Housing
A. Local Regulatory Environment6
“Perhaps the biggest obstacle in the implementation of the temporary disaster housing
mission, is the myriad of local, state, and Federal regulatory authorities which constrain
the decision making process. While long-term public safety, environmental protection,
and historical preservation objectives can not be compromised, temporary disaster
actions should be permitted within an appropriate context. Through the identification
and temporary emergency modification of these regulatory authorities (as appropriate)
and mechanisms which can be applied to achieve these modifications during a declared
disaster, significant time savings may be achieved in the implementation of the disaster
housing mission. Furthermore, in the post-disaster environment, implementation of
regulatory requirements will be significantly hindered unless staffing resources can be
substantially augmented to address the increased needs.
Post-DisasterEmergency Review Functions. Hometown Post-Disaster Recovery
Ordinance establishes the emergency review requirements and authorities. These may
impact disaster housing operations and should be referenced as apporpriate. In order to
expedite the disaster housing mission, Hometown has implemented a number of
regulatory approaches to allow temporary relaxation of land use, zoning, environmental,
and historic preservation requirements. Hometown has drafting an emergency
executive orders passed by the Board of County Commissioners and/or applicable city
councils. Hometown may consider the addition of emergency regulatory language
within the Land Development Code, Comprehensive Plan, and/or Administrative Code
to address disaster housing issues as well as the recommendations detailed below.
Emergency Executive Order. In the aftermath, Hometown leadership may chose to
pass an executive order to address disaster housing issues. However, it is important to
note that the passage of any legal action in the aftermath of a disaster can be
challenging due to disruption of government continuity, absence of vital members of the
leadership, and challenges to meeting transparency requirements. Furthermore, while
Hometown leadership and residents may not be willing to endorse various disaster
housing strategies in minor events, the severity of the incidents may change their
minds. Regulatory actions, therefore, may similarly require modification based upon the
magnitude and severity of the disaster incident (teared). It may not be possible to waive
or relax Federal and State regulations though close coordination should occur among all
regulatory stakeholders. Many of these issues may best be addressed in the Post
6
The issues addressed in this section should be closely coordinated and referenced with the Post Disaster
Redevelopment Plan.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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Disaster Redevelopment Plan. Following is a list of regulatory action which were
evaluated in Hometown:
 Comprehensive Plan.
 Building Code and Land Development Code.
 Expedited Permitting Process.
 Consideration of flood zoning restrictions through the Flood Prevent
Ordinance.
 Environmental requirements such as air pollution, fuel storage, water use,
solid and hazardous waste disposal, sewage disposal, etc.
 NFPA 501 A: Standard for Fire Safety Criteria for Manufactured Home
Installations, Sites and Communities.
Comprehensive Plan, Building Code and Land Development Code. The evaluation
of the local Comprehensive Plan, the Building Code, and the Zoning Ordinance in the
Land Development Code revealed the opportunity for modifications in order to expand
the diversity of diaster housing options in the post-disaster environment. In reviewing
each of the categories, we found that few zoning or land use category would permit
temporary housing. Many of the zoning and land use categories did not permit housing
at all. Therefore, the recommended changes include permitting temporary housing
within the described districts and waiving requirements for setbacks and density.
Modifications to the Land Development Code may not be possible due to political
challenges. Following are detailed recommendations which the Hometown leadership
may consider.
Flood Prevention Ordinance. In compliance with requirement set forth in the National
Flood Insurance Program and Florida Statutes Chapter 125, Hometown maintains a
flood damage prevention ordinance which prohibits uses which are dangerous to health,
safety and property due to water or erosion hazards or which result in damaging
increases in erosion or in flood heights and velocities. The placement of mobile units
within the flood zone should be conducted in compliance with specification set out in the
flood damage prevention ordinance. The development of a modified Flood Prevention
Ordinance may be necessary in order to define and allow disaster housing within the
floodplain under appropriate circumstances. For additional information review the
revised Flood Prevention Ordinance in Appendix K.
NFPA 501 A: Standard for Fire Safety Criteria for Manufactured Home
Installations, Sites, and Communities (2003 Edition). This standard provides
minimum requirements for the installation of manufactured homes and manufactured
home sites, including accessory buildings, structures, and communities. The standard
addresses fuel supply including gas and oil, Electrical Systems, Life Safety and Fire
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Safety. When developing a site plan, the standard requires the inclusion of numerous
components in section 6.1.1.3 which have been included in the site preparation
checklist in Appendix E and reference the Fire Code standards”.
B. Expedited Permitting Process
“The close coordination between Hometown Building Department, Hometown Health
Department, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency is needed to expedite all
related permitting issues related to implementation of the disaster housing mission.
Regardless of the type of mobile unit or the location of the mobile unit, rapid and
effective intergovernmental coordination is essential. Existing Mobile Home Parks that
are being expanded as well as new disaster housing group sites must be inspected and
permitted by the local building department, the local health department, and the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) representative. All parties may agree to a
modified permitting process to ensure new parks have all the necessary requirements
and existing parks can handle any increases in capacity through the proposed FEMA
mobile homes. Whenever possible, Hometown Health Department may fast-track the
mobile home park permitting process to allow a speedy set up of the FEMA mobile
homes. Hometown Health Department requires access to the state’s online permit
tracking system in order to issue a permit. This system is only accessible at a limited
number of locations within Hometown which could house the single permitting location.
Advance coordination for electronic access will be essential.”
For infill sites, conduct a life safety inspection to include the following elements:

Resident name, address, phone, and FEMA registration number.

Electric and, if necessary, gas.

Setback requirements from one trailer to another, exposure distances.

Sanitary services.

Water services.

Other, to be determined.
For new sites, the following items must be evaluated and implemented among disaster
housing support agencies. Some sites may be pre-identified, others are not preidentified.

Life safety inspection (same as above).

Infrastructure design.

Water lines.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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
Master electrical distribution.

Feeding each trailer.

Fire protection.

Sewer lines.

A Development Review Committee review is also required.”
C. Homeowner Association Regulations
“Homeowner associations and condominium associations may place restrictions on the
use of the property within their jurisdiction. Homeowner Associations are governed by
Florida Statute Chapter 720 and condominium associations are governed by Florida
Statute Chapter 718. Within the regulatory framework, these associations may limit the
time of residency for seasonal users which may be applicable to disaster housing
residents. If the rentals extend into the high tourist season, then property owners may
not want disaster survivors in the property. Many property owners also do not allow pets
or children. Association approval may be required to modify these restrictions and
limitations. In some cases, Associations may not have the authority to waive certain
policies without a formal process. Hometown Community encourages all homeowner
associations and condominium associations to support the placement of displaced
persons to the greatest extent possible in order to avoid the permanent relocation of
populations to other areas.”
When evaluating the use of condominiums and apartments, persons with special needs
such as mobility impairments should receive priority access to first floor units and other
units which are handicap accessible.”
D. Emergency Ordinances
“Hometown Community has developed draft emergency ordinances to address disaster
housing issues detailed in this section. For additional information reference Ordinance
XX”.
VIII. Special Topics
A.
Accessibility (ADA compliance)
“Hometown acknowledges the challenges faced by those with special needs. The
community will strive to meet all ADA requirements as listed in the Authorities section.
Accessibility and placement issues for special needs population will be a priority focus
in the client management process. Hometown will coordinate with those with knowledge
and expertise of ADA regulations and requirements, such as building code enforcement,
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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local housing authorities, and representatives from the ADA’s Technical Assistance
Program, as needed.”
B.
Pets and Service Animals
“As detailed in the authorities section, the Pets Evacuation and Transportation Act of
2006(PETS) requires that State and local emergency preparedness operational plans
address the needs of individuals with household pets and service animals following a
major disaster or emergency. Hometown recognizes that pet ownership may be a
significant factor in the placement of displaced survivors. While pets may be permitted
in certain housing options, they may be prohibited in various condos, apartments,
hotels, and/or group sites. Hometown Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
details various pet services which may be provided through Emergency Support
Function 17. However, the ability to place animals in long-term care is severely limited
in Hometown and further options may become necessary.
The Animal Care Department supports post-disaster pet sheltering. Similar to most
organizations, this department will be challenged to meet additional resource challenges
to meet post-disaster missions while simultaneously returning to normal operations. In
addition, there are a number of non-profit and private shelters within the county that
may be able to support post-disaster pet shelter needs including:
Shelter Name: Animal Rescue Shelter
Address: 33 Main Street, Hometown, Fl
Phone Number: 111-111-1111
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Shelter Name: County Animal Shelter
Address: 1Orange Street, Hometown, Fl
Phone Number: 111-222-2222”
Page 56
C.
Affordable Housing Issues
“Low income housing units in Hometown community are located in northeast section of
the community. These homes are generally more vulnerable to disasters because of
their age of construction, which is prior to the new building code, and because they are
generally located in flood prone areas. The infrastructure and storm water management
system in this area is similarly vulnerable to high winds and heavy rainfall. The low
income families residing in these areas generally lack the financial and institutional
resources to recover independently in the aftermath of a large scale disaster. Within
Hometown, eight districts contain blocks or areas with an eighty percent or greater
concentration of low income, below poverty level households hold great potential for
housing assistance following a major or catastrophic disaster event/incident. These
areas are listed in the following table.
Target Neighborhoods and Number of Structures
Target Neighborhood
Number of Structures
Apple Park
102
Orange Park
974
Seagull Heights
302
Sand Park
307
Flamingo Park
617
Pine Manor
814
Suncoast Estates
2,082
Total
5,198
Many low income families in Hometown reside in rental properties and do not own their
homes and are reliant upon available, affordable rental units. There is no guarantee that
rental properties will be rebuilt as affordable rental units post-disaster. Likely, units that
are rebuilt will meet new building code and design standards which may invariably
increase rental rates. All of these factors create and challenging environment for low
income populations to locate affordable housing options. The Long-term Recovery
Organization is aware of the need to continue to promote affordable housing options in
the aftermath of a large scale disaster and will work closely with the Disaster Housing
Taskforce to identify displaced survivors who may require additional support during the
transition from interim to permanent housing. Congress may appropriate supplemental
CDBG funds to help communities recover from major Federally declared disasters.
Supplemental appropriation provides for grants to states (including Indian tribes) to be
administered by each state in conjunction with its community development block grants
program. HUD analyzes needs data and determines grant allocations. These funds
may provide an avenue to support the redevelopment of affordable housing
opportunities in Hometown.
The Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan addresses
affordable housing opportunities in Section XX”.
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D.
Gentrification and Urban Blight
After a major disaster, some residents may choose to not return to their homes or lack
the necessary funds to repair them and many damaged commercial spaces may remain
damaged and vacant as tenants go out of business or relocate to better locations and
newer buildings. This can result in sporadic blight throughout the community. Blight
abatement after a major disaster could be beyond the capability of traditional code
enforcement procedures. The Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan should address
strategies for reducing the potential for blight, such as protocols for the demolition of
destroyed structures and opportunities to streamline the process so that unsafe
structures do not remain and displaced residents can transition back to permanent
homes as quickly as possible.
E.
Health Issues (Mold remediation, soil contamination, formaldehyde etc.)
In recent disaster the health effects of formaldehyde in mobile housing units was raised
as an issue of concern. FEMA gives each impacted the State the authority to set
acceptable limits of formaldehyde within the mobile housing units supplied for use as
interim housing.
Housing and Urban Development standards place limits on formaldehyde emissions
and product certification of all plywood and particleboard materials, which involves
emission certification by a nationally recognized testing laboratory and a written quality
control plan for each plant where particle board is produced or finished or where the
plywood is finished. These standards have been required by HUD for manufactured
homes, and now FEMA's specifications have incorporated those same standards for
travel trailers. FEMA tests every mobile home for formaldehyde before using them as
temporary housing.
• Age. Formaldehyde exposure is a special concern for children and the elderly.
Children may become sensitive to formaldehyde more easily, which may make it
more likely they will become sick. Elderly people may be less able to tolerate high
formaldehyde exposures. If children or elderly people are in your mobile home, it is
important to reduce their exposure to formaldehyde.
• Health conditions. Formaldehyde irritates the airways. People with asthma,
bronchitis, or other breathing conditions are especially sensitive to formaldehyde.
People with other chronic diseases also may be less able to tolerate formaldehyde
exposure. Pregnant women and their unborn children may not be at higher risk, but
they should be careful about exposure.
• How the mobile home is used. Impacts may be decreased by spending as much
time outdoors in fresh air as possible. Open windows as much as possible to let in
fresh air. Try to keep the temperature inside travel trailers and mobile homes at the
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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lowest comfortable setting by running the air conditioner or dehumidifier to control
mold. Do not smoke, and especially do not smoke indoors.
FEMA-supplied trailers are intended for temporary, emergency housing. Families living
in trailers with children, elderly persons, or persons who already have an illness like
asthma should consider relocating to alternate interim housing options if they
experience respiratory symptoms associated with higher levels of exposure.
Mold may also become and issues of concern during the interim housing phase.
Residents who have problems with mold should follow the following instructions:

Fix water leaks with the mobile unit

Clean away any visible mold with detergent and water and open windows when
cleaning with cleaning products.
F.
Temporary housing for Emergency Workers and Volunteers: Base Camps
Hometown Community will be inundated by emergency responders, recovery workers,
and volunteers assisting the recovery effort. This additional skilled and unskilled
workforce from external public, private, and non-profit based organizations is vital in the
aftermath of a major or catastrophic incident. Voluntary organizations are willing to
donate their time and talents to assist those affected by the disaster to rebuild their
homes and lives. Volunteer organization can prioritize assistance to need-based,
vulnerable populations who are in the greatest need for support to transition back to
permanent housing. Hometown Community recognizes the need to support the
provision of temporary shelter to external workforce providing assistance to survivors.
This may be accomplished in partnership with State and Federal agencies through the
provision of Base Camps, mobile housing units, or other forms of shelter.
VIII. Preparedness
A.
Plan Updates and Maintenance
“Annually by June 1, the Disaster Housing and Human Services Director, or designee
should convene the Disaster Housing Taskforce and update the list of potential group
housing sites and incorporate any revisions to the Strategy requiring immediate
attention. Once every four years the Disaster Housing and Human Services Director, or
designee, shall convene the Disaster Housing Taskforce to review the Disaster Housing
Strategy and all supporting procedures, policies, and practices.”
B.
Training and Exercise
“Once every four years, with the update of this plan, the Long-term Recovery
Organization will convene all primary agencies and organizations to verify their
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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assigned roles and responsibilities and identify any preparedness shortfalls. Each of
the lead representatives is responsible for maintaining operational readiness within their
organization and ensure that sufficient staff is trained to implement their assigned roles
and responsibilities. Newly assigned personnel should be briefed annually prior to the
hurricane season. At least once every four years, Hometown will incorporate disaster
housing related objectives as an element of their all hazard exercise program.”
C.
Plan Integration
“In the development of Hometown Community’s Disaster Housing Strategy, the
Taskforce ensured integration with related emergency management plans, policies,
and procedures throughout the community including the Post-Disaster Redevelopment
Plan, Local Mitigation Strategy, the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, and
emergency operating procedures. These emergency management related documents
influence various stages of the disaster housing mission:
The Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and related procedures guide
disaster preparedness and response actions for emergency sheltering operations. In
developing interim housing procedures, the Disaster Housing Taskforce created
effective transitions from the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan processes
and decision making structures to recovery and interim housing operations. The
Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and Training and Exercise Plan provide
opportunities to integrate disaster housing training and exercises. The Disaster
Housing Taskforce has maximized opportunities to integrate interim housing issues in
all appropriate preparedness activities which are detailed in these documents. When
identifying potential group sites, the plans were referenced to reduce or eliminate
conflict of use among these facilities and sites for other response operations such as
debris management, logistics management, or mass care related activities.
The Disaster Housing Strategy provides seamless integration to the Post-Disaster
Redevelopment Plan which details transition strategies to permanent housing and longterm community redevelopment. The disaster housing exit strategy has incorporated
the permanent housing concepts of the Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan.
In additional to integration with emergency management related plans, Hometown
Community also integrated this strategy with planning, land development and visioning
documents including the Local Comprehensive Plan, the Flood Prevention Ordinance,
Land Development Code, Economic Redevelopment Plan. These documents guide the
long term vision and community development actions in non disaster times and should
strongly influence post-disaster redevelopment planning. It is necessary, in Hometown,
to temporarily adjust local building codes, land use requirements and zoning
requirements in order to accommodate post-disaster housing needs. The Flood
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Prevention Ordinance is similarly impacted by the interim Disaster Housing strategy.
The Disaster Housing Task decided to limit the mobile housing unit placement in flood
vulnerable areas unless the disaster impacts were major or catastrophic in nature.
Under these rare circumstances, Hometown Community may consider placed Travel
Trailers in certain hazardous areas. post-disaster
IX.
Glossary
A.
Definitions
Commercial Site: A site customarily leased for a fee, which is fully equipped to
accommodate a housing unit with existing water, sewer, and power connections.
Community Site: A site provided by the State or local government that accommodates
two or more units and is complete with utilities.
Direct Assistance: Assistance provided to disaster survivors by the Federal
Government in the form of physical resources; essentially all assistance that is not
provided monetarily. This includes housing units that are acquired by purchase or lease,
directly for individuals or households who, because of a lack of available housing
resources, would be unable to make use of financial assistance as well as direct
activities by the government to repair or rent units, such as contracting with a company
to repair a rental property.
Essential Services: Services necessary to a basic standard of living and the general
welfare of society. Services may include any of the following: electricity services, gas
services, water and sewerage services, etc.
Fair Market Rent (FMR): An amount determined by the U.S. Department of Housing
and Urban Development (HUD) to be the monthly cost of modest, non-luxury rental
units in a specific market area, plus the cost of utilities, excluding telephone service.
Financial Assistance. Monetary assistance provided to individuals and households to
rent alternative housing accommodations, existing rental units, manufactured housing,
recreational vehicles, or other readily fabricated dwellings. Such assistance may include
the payment of the cost of utilities (excluding telephone service) or funds to be used for
repair and replacement of housing and/or personal property.
Government Owned Property: Property that is owned by government for reasons
including foreclosure and prior ownership. This applies to governments at all levels,
including local, State and Federal, and applies to single family units as well as multifamily units.
Interim Housing: The intermediate period of housing assistance that covers the gap
between sheltering and the return of disaster survivors to permanent housing.
Generally, this period may span from the day after the disaster is declared through up to
18 months.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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Long-Term Housing: Safe, sanitary, and functional housing that can be sustained
without continued disaster-related assistance.
Major Disaster: Any natural catastrophe (including any hurricane, tornado, storm, high
water, wind driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide,
mudslide, snowstorm, or drought), or, regardless of cause, any fire, flood, or explosion,
in any part of the United States, which in the determination of the President causes
damage of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant major disaster assistance under
this Act to supplement the efforts and available resources of States, local governments,
and disaster relief organizations in alleviating the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering
caused thereby.
National Emergency Management Information System (NEMIS): An integrated data
management system that automates management of disaster response and recovery
operations, including application registration, processing, and payment of assistance to
disaster survivors.
Permanent Housing: Refers to the state of “long-term housing.
Post-Disaster Temporary Housing Incident Action Plan: A document that details a
full range of temporary disaster housing options which may be employed based upon
the severity and magnitude of the disaster. It also provides an introduction of
permanent housing solutions.
Shelter: A place of refuge that provides life-sustaining services in a congregate facility
for individuals who have been displaced by an emergency or a disaster.
Short Term Housing: This refers to the states of “sheltering” and “interim housing.
Special Needs Populations: As defined in the National Response Framework, special
needs populations are those whose members may have additional needs before,
during, and after an incident in functional areas, including but not limited to: maintaining
independence, communication, transportation, supervision, and medical care.
Individuals in need of additional response assistance may include those who have
disabilities, live in institutionalized settings, are elderly, are children, are from diverse
cultures, have limited English proficiency or are non-English speaking, or are
transportation disadvantaged.
Temporary Housing:
Temporary accommodations provided by the Federal
Government to individuals or families whose homes are made unlivable by an
emergency or a major disaster.
Unmet Needs: The deficit between verified disaster-caused damages and obtainable
disaster aid, including insurance assistance, Federal and State assistance, and
personal resources.
Wrap-Around Services: The delivery of infrastructure and additional essential
services to address disaster-related needs of affected residents living in temporary
housing sites. These services go beyond the physical need for housing or political
subdivision of a State and typically include basic social services and access to utilities,
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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transportation, grocery stores, and medical and employment facilities.
Post-Disaster Re-development Plan: The Long term Recovery Committee develops
this document to provide a comprehensive strategy for massive community rebuilding
and redevelopment in the post-disaster environment.
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
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B.
Acronyms
ARC
American Red Cross
CPI
Consumer Price Index
CVB
Convention and Visitors Bureau
ASD
Animal Service Department
DCM
Disaster Case Management
DEM
Division of Emergency Management
DRC
Disaster Recovery Center
EOC
Emergency Operations Center
ES
Emergency Shelter
ESF
Emergency Support Function
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FDEM
Florida Department of Emergency Management
FMR
Fair Market Rate
HUD
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
IAP
Incident Action Plan
IHP
JFO
Joint Field Office
JIC
Joint Information Center
LTRO
Long-Term Recovery Organization
MHP
Mobile Home Park
MOU
Memorandum of Understanding
MPT
Mission Planning Team (FEMA)
NFIP
National Flood Insurance Program
NHL
National Housing Locator
NIMS
National Incident Management System
PDA
Preliminary Damage Assessment
POD
Points of Distribution
PUD
Planned Unit Development
RV
Recreational Vehicle
SBA
Small Business Administration
UC
Uniform Command
UFAS
Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards
USDA
United States Department of Agriculture
USACE
United States Army Corps of Engineers
VA
Veteran’s Administration”
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Note: This section will be specific and unique for each jurisdiction.
It should be
tailored to address the unique acronyms within each jurisdiction which may include
references to Departments, incident facilities, or specific procedures that are generally
abbreviated. If this is not applicable to the local jurisdiction, then it may be deleted.
Appendices
Appendix A: Disaster Housing Contact Manager Database
Appendix B: List & Map of Mobile Home Parks
Appendix C: List & Map of Hotels and Motel Establishments
Appendix D: List & Map Potential Group Sites
Appendix E: Disaster Housing Group Site Evaluation Form
Appendix F: Flood Prevention Ordinance
Appendix G: County Code of Ordinances / Emergency Ordinances
Appendix H: Planning, Building, and Zoning Code Modification
Appendix I: Memorandum of Understanding
Appendix J: Post-Disaster Incident Action Plan Objectives Checklist
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Appendix A: Disaster Housing Contact Manager Database
First
Name
Jon
Last Name
Arno
E-mail Address
jon.arno@dhs.gov
Hometown Community Disaster Housing Strategy
Business
Phone
770-220-5620
Company
Federal Emergency
Management Agency
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Job Title
Individual Assistance
Appendix B: List & Map of Mobile Home Parks
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Property Name
Street Address
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GPS Location
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Appendix C: List & Map of Hotels and Motel Establishments
Hotel/Motel Name
Address/GPS
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Room Capacity
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Appendix D: List & Map Potential Group Sites
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Property Description
Street Address/GPS
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Ownership
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Appendix E: Disaster Housing Group Site Evaluation Checklist
The following information is essential when evaluating potential sites for disaster housing:
 Ownership:
o Title / Ownership of the Property
o Name and Contact Information of the owner/property manager/developer
o Public / Private / Non Profit
 Current Use
o Existing Mobile Home Park / Existing RV Park
o Pavement: Paved areas where utilities will be above ground. Examples
include parking lots and paved areas at conference centers, shopping
malls, airports, drive-in theaters, business parks, military bases, etc.
o Previously cleared Land / Not Cleared
 Location:
o Physical Characteristics
o Street(s) names and rights-of-way of all abutting streets
o Adjacent Subdivisions / Abutting Lots or Tracts
o Longitude/Latitude / US National Grid
o Land Use Designation
o Uses of Adjacent Properties/ Within a residential area
o
 Traffic Impacts:
o Access to site / parking / traffic flow
o Access to Public Transit
 Size of property
o Number of Total Proposed Units
o Minimum lot size
o Site separation lines (NFPA 501 A)
o Site Numbers (NFPA 501 A)
 Utilities
o Solid waste: Refuse containers / collection
o Sanitary sewer connections / Septic system / other
o Public Water Supply
o Power Supply
o Utility Disconnects
o Telephone Service
 Public Safety:
o Fire / EMS Response
o Safety and Security Issues
o Medical Care / Mental Health Services
o Fire Codes / Fire Hydrants / Water Supplies for fire protection
o Hazard Assessment: Flood Zone / Coastal High Hazard Area / Hazardous
Materials/Others
o Storm Water Management Impacts / Drainage Impacts
o Utility Disconnects
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o Fire Alarms
 Environmental and Regulatory Issues
o Buffers: Fence, wall
o Recreational area
o Compliance with Land Use and Zoning District requirements
o Environmental Impact State (endangered specifies, environmentally
sensitive areas, wetlands)
o Historical Preservation Issues
 Community Services
o Impact on local community / social disruption
o Cultural issues
o Access to churches, community centers
o Proximity to original homes
o Access to local stores, restaurants, etc.
o Schools Impact on local schools
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Appendix F: Sample Flood Prevention Ordinance
ORDINANCE NO. 2010 - ______
AN ORDINANCE OF THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF HOMETOWN
COUNTY, FLORIDA, , RELATING TO FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION, IN ORDER
TO ADOPT, TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, THE REGULATIONS AND POLICIES
SET FORTH IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA MODEL FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION
ORDINANCE; PROVIDING FOR STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION, FINDINGS OF
FACT, PURPOSE, AND OBJECTIVES; PROVIDING FOR DEFINITIONS; PROVIDING
FOR GENERAL PROVISIONS; PROVIDING FOR ADMINISTRATION; PROVIDING
FOR PROVISIONS FOR FLOOD HAZARD REDUCTION; PROVIDING FOR
VARIANCE PROCEDURES; PROVIDING FOR REPEAL OF ORDINANCE NO. 86-28,
AS AMENDED, IN ITS ENTIRETY; PROVIDING FOR CONFLICT AND
SEVERABILITY; PROVIDING FOR INCLUSION IN THE CODE OF LAWS AND
ORDINANCES; AND PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE. PROVDING FOR
EMERGENCY TEMPORARY HOUSING FOLLOWING A DISASTER.
WHEREAS, the Hometown Board of Commissioners (Board) seeks to protect the
health, safety and welfare of the citizens of Hometown; and
WHEREAS, Chapter 125, Florida Statutes, establishes the right and power of counties
to provide for the health, welfare and safety of existing and future residents by enacting
and enforcing regulations necessary for the protection of the public including flood
damage prevention ordinances; and
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF
HOMETOWN, FLORIDA, that: SECTION ONE: STATUTORY
AUTHORIZATION,
FINDINGS OF FACT, PURPOSE, AND OBJECTIVES.
A.
STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION.
The Legislature of the State of Florida has authorized and delegated in Chapter 125,
Florida Statutes, the responsibility of local government units to adopt regulations
designed to promote the public health, safety, and general welfare of its citizenry.
Therefore, the Board of Commissioners of Hometown does hereby adopt the following
floodplain management regulations.
B.
FINDINGS OF FACT.
(1)
The flood hazard areas of Hometown are subject to periodic inundation, which
results in loss of life and property, health and safety hazards, disruption of commerce
and governmental services, extraordinary public expenditures for flood protection and
relief, and impairment of the tax base, all of which adversely affect the public health,
safety and general welfare.
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(2)
These flood losses are caused by the cumulative effect of obstructions in
floodplains causing increases in flood heights and velocities, and by the occupancy in
flood hazard areas by uses vulnerable to floods or hazardous to other lands which are
inadequately elevated, flood-proofed or otherwise unprotected from flood damages.
C.
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE.
It is the purpose of this Ordinance to save lives, promote the public life health, safety
and general welfare and minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions in
specific areas by provisions designed to:
(1)
Restrict or prohibit uses which are dangerous to health, safety and property due
to water or erosion hazards, which result in damaging increases in erosion or in flood
heights and velocities;
(2)
Require that uses vulnerable to floods including facilities which serve such uses
be protected against flood damage throughout their intended life span;
(3)
Control the alteration of natural floodplains, stream channels, and natural
protective barriers which are involved in the accommodation of flood waters;
(4)
Control filling, grading, dredging and other development which may increase
erosion or flood damage; and
(5)
Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers which will unnaturally divert
floodwaters or which may increase flood hazards to other lands.
D.
OBJECTIVES.
The objectives of this Ordinance are to:
(1)
Protect human life, health and to eliminate or minimize property damage;
(2)
Minimize expenditure of public money for costly flood control projects;
(3)
Minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts associated with flooding and
generally undertaken at the expense of the general public;
(4)
Minimize prolonged business interruptions;
(5)
Minimize damage to public facilities and utilities such as water and gas mains,
electric, telephone and sewer lines, roadways, and bridges and culverts located in
floodplains;
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(6)
Maintain a stable tax base by providing for the sound use and development of
flood prone areas in such a manner as to minimize flood blight areas; and
(7)
Ensure that potential homebuyers are notified that property is in a special flood
hazard area.
SECTION TWO:
DEFINITIONS.
Unless specifically defined below, words or phrases used in this Ordinance shall be
interpreted so as to give them the meaning they have in common usage and to give this
Ordinance its most reasonable application.
Accessory structure means a structure that is located on the same parcel of property
as the principal structure and the use of which is incidental to the use of the principal
structure. Accessory structures should constitute a minimal investment, may not be
used for human habitation, and be designed to have minimal flood damage potential.
Examples of accessory structures are detached garages, carports, storage sheds, pole
barns, and hay sheds.
Appeal means a request for a review of the Floodplain Administrator’s interpretation of
any provision of this Ordinance or a request for a variance.
Area of shallow flooding means a designated AO or AH Zone on the community’s
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) with base flood depths from one to three feet where
a clearly defined channel does not exist, where the path of flooding is unpredictable and
indeterminate, and where velocity flow may be evident. Such flooding is characterized
by ponding or sheet flow.
Area of special flood hazard is the land in the floodplain within a community subject to
a one- percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year. This term is
synonymous with the phrase “special flood hazard area.”
Base flood means the flood having a one percent chance of being equaled or
exceeded in any given year (also called the “100-year flood” and the “regulatory flood”).
Base flood is the term used throughout this Ordinance.
Base Flood Elevation means the water-surface elevation associated with the base
flood.
Basement means any portion of a building having its floor sub-grade (below ground
level) on all sides.
Breakaway wall means a wall that is not part of the structural support of the building
and is intended through its design and construction to collapse under specific lateral
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loading forces without causing damage to the elevated portion of the building or the
supporting foundation system.
Building – see “Structure”.
Coastal high hazard area means an area of special flood hazard extending from
offshore to the inland limit of a primary frontal dune along an open coast and any other
area subject to high velocity wave action from storms or seismic sources. The area is
designated on the FIRM, as Zone V1 - V30, VE, or V.
Datum A reference surface used to ensure that all elevation records are properly
related. The current national datum is the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) of
1929, which is expressed in relation to mean sea level, or the North American Vertical
Datum (NAVD) of 1988.
Development means any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate,
including, but not limited to buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling,
grading, paving, excavating, drilling operations, or storage of materials or equipment.
Elevated building means a non-basement building built to have the lowest floor
elevated above the ground level by foundation walls, posts, piers, columns, pilings, or
shear walls.
Encroachment means the advance or infringement of uses, plant growth, fill,
excavation, buildings, permanent structures or development into a floodplain, which
may impede or alter the flow capacity of a floodplain.
Existing Construction means, for the purposes of floodplain management, structures
for which “the start of construction” commenced before September 4, 1979. Existing
construction, means for the purposes of determining flood insurance premium rates,
structures for which the “start of construction” commenced before September 14, 1979.
This term may also be referred to as “existing structures”.
Existing manufactured home park or subdivision means a manufactured home park
or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the
manufactured homes are to be affixed (including at a minimum the installation of
utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of
concrete pads) was completed before September 4, 1979.
Expansion to an existing manufactured home park or subdivision means the
preparation of additional sites by the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on
which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including the installation of utilities, the
construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads).
Flood or flooding means:
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(a)
A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally
dry land areas from:
(1)
The overflow of inland or tidal waters.
(2)
The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source.
(3)
Mudslides (i.e., mudflows) which are proximately caused by flooding as defined
in paragraph (a) (2) of this definition and are akin to a river of liquid and flowing mud on
the surface of normally dry land areas, as when earth is carried by a current of water
and deposited along the path of the current.
(b)
The collapse or subsidence of land along a shore of a lake or other body of water
as the result of erosion or undermining caused by waves or currents of water exceeding
anticipated cyclical levels or suddenly caused by an unusually high water level in a
natural body of water, accompanied by a severe storm or by an unanticipated force of
nature such as a flash flood or an abnormal tidal surge or by some similarly unusual and
unforeseeable event which results in flooding as defined in paragraph (a) (1) of this
definition.
Flood Boundary and Floodway Map (FBFM) means the official map of the community
on which the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has delineated the
areas of special flood hazard and regulatory floodways.
Flood Hazard Boundary Map (FHBM) means an official map of the community, issued
by FEMA, where the boundaries of the areas of special flood hazard have been
identified as only Approximate Zone A.
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) means an official map of the community, issued by
FEMA, which delineated both the areas of special flood hazard and the risk premium
zones applicable to the community.
Flood Insurance Study (FIS) means the official hydrology and hydraulics report
provided by FEMA. The study contains an examination, evaluation, and determination
of flood hazards, and, if appropriate, corresponding water surface elevations, or an
examination, evaluation, and determination of mudslide (i.e., mudflow) and other floodrelated erosion hazards. The study may also contain flood profiles, as well as the
FIRM, FHBM (where applicable), and other related data and information.
Floodplain means any land area susceptible to being inundated by water from any
source (see definition of “flooding”).
Floodplain management means the operation of an overall program of corrective and
preventive measures for reducing flood damage and preserving and enhancing, where
possible, natural resources in the floodplain, including but not limited to emergency
preparedness plans, flood controls works, floodplain management regulations, and
open space plans.
Floodplain Administrator is the individual appointed to administer and enforce the
floodplain management regulations of the community.
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Floodplain management regulations means this Ordinance and other zoning
ordinances, subdivision regulations, building codes, health regulations, special purpose
ordinances (such as a floodplain ordinance, grading ordinance, and erosion control
ordinance) and other applications of police powers which control development in floodprone areas. This term describes Federal, State of Florida, or local regulations in any
combination thereof, which provide standards for preventing and reducing flood loss
and damage.
Floodproofing means any combination of structural and non-structural additions,
changes, or adjustments to structures, which reduce or eliminate flood damage to real
estate or improved real property, water and sanitary facilities, structures and their
contents.
Floodway means the channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land
areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively
increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height. There are no
FEMA designated floodways in Hometown, Florida.
Floodway fringe means that area of the one-percent (base or 100-year) floodplain on
either side of the regulatory floodway.
Freeboard means the additional height, usually expressed as a factor of safety in feet,
above a flood level for purposes of floodplain management. Freeboard tends to
compensate for many unknown factors, such as wave action, blockage of bridge or
culvert openings and hydrological effect of urbanization of the watershed, which could
contribute to flood heights greater than the heights calculated for a selected frequency
flood and floodway conditions.
Free of Obstruction means any type of lower area enclosure or other construction
element will not obstruct the flow of velocity water and wave action beneath the lowest
horizontal structural member of the lowest floor of an elevated building during a base
flood event. This requirement applies to the structures in velocity zones (V-Zones).
Functionally dependent use means a use which cannot be used for its intended
purpose unless it is located or carried out in close proximity to water, such as a docking
or port facility necessary for the loading and unloading of cargo or passengers,
shipbuilding or ship repair. The term does not include long-term storage, manufacture,
sales, or service facilities.
Hardship as related to variances from this Ordinance means the exceptional hardship
associated with the land that would result from a failure to grant the requested variance.
The community requires that the variance is exceptional, unusual, and peculiar to the
property involved. Mere economic or financial hardship alone is not exceptional.
Inconvenience, aesthetic considerations, physical handicaps, personal preferences, or
the disapproval of one’s neighbors likewise cannot, as a rule, qualify as an exceptional
hardship. All of these problems can be resolved through other means without granting
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a variance, even if the alternative is more expensive, or requires the property owner to
build elsewhere or put the parcel to a different use than originally intended.
Highest adjacent grade means the highest natural elevation of the ground surface,
prior to the start of construction, next to the proposed walls of a structure.
Historic Structure means any structure that is:
a)
Listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places (a listing maintained
by the Department of Interior) or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior
as meeting the requirements for individual listing on the National Register:
b)
Certified or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior as
contributing to the historical significance of a registered historic or a district preliminarily
determined by the Secretary to qualify as a registered historic district:
c)
Individually listed on the Florida inventory of historic places which has been
approved by the Secretary of the Interior; or
d)
Individually listed on a local inventory of historic places in communities with
historic preservation programs that have been certified either:
1.
By the approved Florida program as determined by the Secretary of the Interior,
or
2.
Directly by the Secretary of the Interior.
Lowest adjacent grade means the lowest elevation, after the completion of
construction, of the ground, sidewalk, patio, deck support, or basement entryway
immediately next to the structure.
Lowest floor means the lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement).
An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure, used solely for parking of vehicles, building
access, or storage, in an area other than a basement, is not considered a building’s
lowest floor, provided that such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in
violation of the applicable nonelevation design standards of this Ordinance.
Mangrove Stand means an assemblage of mangrove trees which are mostly low trees
noted for a copious development of interlacing adventitious roots above ground and
which contain one or more of the following species: Black mangrove (Avicennia Nitida);
red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle); white mangrove (Languncularia Racemosa); and
buttonwood (Conocarpus Erecta).
Manufactured home means a building, transportable in one or more sections, which is
built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used with or without a permanent
foundation when connected to the required utilities. The term also includes park trailers,
travel trailers, and similar transportable structures placed on a site for 180 consecutive
days or longer and intended to be improved property.
Manufactured home park or subdivision means a parcel (or contiguous parcels) of
land divided into two or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale.
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Market value means the building value, which is the property value excluding the land
value and that of the detached accessory structures and other improvements on site (as
agreed to between a willing buyer and seller) as established by what the local real
estate market will bear. Market value can be established by an independent certified
appraisal (other than a limited or curbside appraisal, or one based on income
approach), Actual Cash Value (replacement cost depreciated for age and quality of
construction of building), or adjusted tax-assessed values.
Mean Sea Level means the average height of the sea for all stages of the tide. It is
used as a reference for establishing various elevations within the floodplain. For
purposes of this Ordinance, the term is synonymous with the North American Vertical
Datum (NAVD) of 1988.
National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) of 1929 means a vertical control used as a
reference for establishing varying elevations within the floodplain. Existing elevation
information based upon NGVD and used for floodplain purposes prior to the effective
date of this Ordinance may continue to be used provided there is also a converted
elevation information based upon NAVD. After the effective date of this Ordinance, all
elevation information submitted with a development permit shall utilize NAVD.
New Construction means, for floodplain management purposes, any structures for
which the “start of construction” commenced on or after September 4, 1979. The term
also includes any subsequent improvements to such structures. For flood insurance
rates, structures for which the start of construction commenced on or after September
14, 1979, and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures.
New manufactured home park or subdivision means a manufactured home park or
subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the
manufactured homes are to be affixed (including at a minimum, the installation of
utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of
concrete pads) is completed on or after September 4, 1979.
North American Vertical Datum (NAVD) of 1988 means a vertical control used as a
reference for establishing varying elevations within the floodplain.
Primary frontal dune means a continuous or nearly continuous mound or ridge of sand
with relatively steep seaward and landward slopes immediately landward and adjacent
to the beach and subject to erosion and overtopping from high tides and waves during
major coastal storms. The inland limit of the primary frontal dune occurs at the point
where there is a distinct change from a relatively steep slope to a relatively mild slope.
Program deficiency means a defect in the community’s floodplain management
regulations or administrative procedures that impairs effective implementation of those
floodplain management regulations or of the standards required by the National Flood
Insurance Program.
Public safety and nuisance means anything which is injurious to safety or health of
the entire community or a neighborhood, or any considerable number of persons, or
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unlawfully obstructs the free passage or use, in the customary manner, of any navigable
lake, or river, bay, stream, canal, or basin.
Reasonably safe from flooding means base flood waters will not inundate the land or
damage structures to be removed from the SFHA and that any subsurface waters
related to the base flood will not damage existing or proposed buildings.
Recreational vehicle means a vehicle that is:
a)
Built on a single chassis;
b)
400 square feet or less when measured at the largest horizontal projection;
c)
Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light duty truck; and
d)
Designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living
quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use.
Regulatory floodway means the channel of a river or other watercourse and the
adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without
cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height.
Remedy a deficiency or violation means to bring the regulation, procedure, structure
or other development into compliance with State of Florida, Federal or local floodplain
management regulations; or if this is not possible, to reduce the impacts of its
noncompliance. Ways the impacts may be reduced include protecting the structure or
other affected development from flood damages, implementing the enforcement
provisions of this Ordinance or otherwise deterring future similar violations, or reducing
Federal financial exposure with regard to the structure or other development.
Repetitive loss means flood related damage sustained by a structure on two separate
occasions during a 10-year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such
flood event, on the average, equals or exceeds 25 percent of the market value of the
structure before the damage occurred.
Riverine means relating to, formed by, or resembling a river (including tributaries),
stream, brook, etc.
Sand dunes mean naturally occurring accumulations of sand in ridges or mounds
landward of the beach.
Shallow flooding – see area of shallow flooding.
Special flood hazard area – see area of special flood hazard.
Start of construction for other than new construction and substantial improvements
under the Coastal Barrier Resources Act P. L. 97-348, includes substantial
improvement, and means the date the building permit was issued, provided the actual
start of construction, repair, reconstruction, or improvement was within 180 days of the
permit date. The actual start means the first placement of permanent construction of a
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building (including a manufactured home) on a site, such as the pouring of slabs or
footings, installation of piles, construction of columns, or any work beyond the stage of
excavation or placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent
construction does not include land preparation, such as clearing, grading and filling; nor
does it include the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation
for a basement, footings, piers or foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor
does it include the installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages
or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main building. For substantial
improvement, the actual start of construction means the first alteration of any wall,
ceiling, floor, or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects
the external dimensions of the building.
Storm cellar means a place below grade used to accommodate occupants of the
structure and emergency supplies as a means of temporary shelter against severe
tornadoes or similar windstorm activity.
Structure means, for floodplain management purposes, a walled and roofed building,
including gas or liquid storage tank that is principally above ground, as well as a
manufactured home.
Substantial damage means damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the
cost of restoring the structure to its before damaged condition would equal or exceed 50
percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. This term
also includes “repetitive loss” structures as defined herein.
Substantial improvement means any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or other
improvement of a structure, the cumulative cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent
of the market value of the structure before the “start of construction” of the
improvement. This term includes structures that have incurred “substantial damage”
regardless of the actual repair work performed. This term does not, however, include
any repair or improvement of a structure to correct existing violations of State of Florida
or local health, sanitary, or safety code specifications, which have been identified by the
local code enforcement official prior to the application for permit for improvement, and
which are the minimum necessary to assure safe living conditions. This term does not
include any alteration of a historic structure provided that the alteration will not preclude
the structure’s continued designation as a historic structure.
Substantially improved existing manufactured home parks or subdivisions is
where the repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation or improvement of the streets, utilities
and pads equals or exceeds 50 percent of the value of the streets, utilities and pads
before the repair, reconstruction or improvement commenced.
Temporary Housing: Typically provided by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) or the Florida Division of Emergency Management (FDEM) in
accordance with guidance noted in the Stafford Act and or the Post-Katrina Emergency
Management Reform Act and similar laws.. FEMA or the Florida Division of Emergency
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Management may provide housing resources via its contractor or other approved
agency such as the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and others to
provide for emergency housing including but not limited to: modular homes, mobile
homes, component homes, cottages, camper trailers, or some other type of temporary
living quarters intended to house displaced residents impacted by a natural or manmade disaster event for periods not exceeding (18) eighteen months. Such temporary
housing efforts may be excluded from the floodplain regulation(s) in light of the urgent
need for temporary housing. Such exclusions may further require an emergency
notification and evacuation plan to be completed to ensure the safety of the occupants
of the temporary housing efforts. This emergency notification and evacuation plan will
be approved by the Hometown Department of Emergency Management within 30 days
of occupancy within the temporary housing efforts.
Variance is a grant of relief from the requirements of this Ordinance.
Violation means the failure of a structure or other development to be fully compliant
with the requirements of this Ordinance. A structure or other development without the
elevation certificate, other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in this
Ordinance is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is
provided.
Watercourse means a lake, river, creek, stream, wash, channel or other topographic
feature on or over which waters flow at least periodically. Watercourse includes
specifically designated areas in which substantial flood damage may occur.
Water surface elevation means the height, in relation to the National Geodetic Vertical
Datum (NGVD) of 1929 or the North American Vertical Datum (NAVD) of 1988, of floods
of various magnitudes and frequencies in the floodplains of coastal or riverine areas.
SECTION THREE. GENERAL PROVISIONS.
A. LANDS TO WHICH THIS ORDINANCE APPLIES.
This Ordinance shall apply to all areas of special flood hazard within the jurisdiction of
the Board of Commissioners of Hometown, Florida.
B.
BASIS FOR ESTABLISHING THE AREAS OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD.
The areas of special flood hazard identified by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency in the Flood Insurance Study (FIS) for Hometown, Florida, and Incorporated
Areas, dated November 17, 2005, with the accompanying maps and other supporting
data, and any subsequent revisions thereto, are adopted by reference and declared to
be a part of this Ordinance. The Flood Insurance Study and Florida Insurance Rate
Map are on file at the office of the Clerk located at the Government Center
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C.
DESIGNATION OF FLOODPLAIN ADMINISTRATOR.
The Board of Commissioners of Hometown Florida, hereby appoints the
Community Development and Environmental Services Administrator to administer and
implement the provisions of this Ordinance and is herein referred to as the Floodplain
Administrator.
D.
ESTABLISHMENT OF DEVELOPMENT PERMIT.
A development permit shall be required in conformance with the provisions of this
Ordinance prior to the commencement of any development activities.
E.
COMPLIANCE.
No structure or land shall hereafter be located, extended, converted or structurally
altered without full compliance with the terms of this Ordinance and other applicable
regulations.
F.
ABROGATION AND GREATER RESTRICTIONS.
This Ordinance is not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair any existing
easements, covenants, or deed restrictions. However, where this Ordinance and
another conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more stringent restrictions shall
prevail.
G.INTERPRETATION.
In the interpretation and application of this Ordinance all provisions shall be:
(1)
Considered as minimum requirements;
(2)
Liberally construed in favor of the governing body; and
(3)
Deemed neither to limit nor repeal any other powers granted under State of
Florida statutes.
H.WARNING AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY.
The degree of flood protection required by this Ordinance is considered reasonable for
regulatory purposes and is based on scientific and engineering considerations. Larger
floods can and will occur on rare occasions. Flood heights may be increased by manmade or natural causes. This Ordinance does not imply that land outside the areas of
special flood hazards or uses permitted within such areas will be free from flooding or
flood damages. This Ordinance shall not create liability on the part of the Board of
Commissioners of Hometown, Florida, or by any officer or employee thereof for any
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flood damages that result from reliance on this Ordinance or any administrative decision
lawfully made thereunder.
I.
PENALITIES FOR VIOLATION.
Violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, including violation of conditions and
safeguards established in connection with grants of variance or special exceptions, shall
be punishable as a non-criminal violation punishable as set forth in the Consolidated
Code Enforcement Ordinance. Any person who violates this ordinance or fails to
comply with any of its requirements shall, upon adjudication, be fined not more than
$1,000 per day per violation for each day the first violation continues past the date set
for compliance by the Enforcement Board of Special Magistrate; or in the case of a
repeat violation, $5,000 per day per violation for each day that the repeat violation
continues past the date set for compliance by the Enforcement Board of Special
Magistrate, and in addition, shall pay all costs and expenses involved in the case.
Nothing contained in this section shall prohibit Hometown from enforcing this Ordinance
by any other means.
SECTION FOUR:
ADMINISTRATION.
A.
PERMIT PROCEDURES.
Application for a Development Permit shall be made to the Floodplain Administrator on
forms furnished by him or her prior to any development activities, and may include, but
not be limited to, the following plans in duplicate drawn to scale showing the nature,
location, dimensions, and elevations of the area in question; existing or proposed
structures, earthen fill, storage of materials or equipment, drainage facilities, and the
location of the foregoing.
Specifically, the following information is required:
(1)
Application Stage:
(a)
Elevation in relation to mean sea level (NAVD) of the proposed lowest floor
(including basement) of all buildings;
(b)
Elevation in relation to mean sea level (NAVD) to which any non-residential
building will be flood-proofed;
(c)
Certificate from a registered professional engineer or architect that the nonresidential flood-proofed building will meet the flood-proofing criteria in SECTION
FOUR, A (2) and SECTION FIVE, B (2);
(d)
Description of the extent to which any watercourse will be altered or relocated as
a result of proposed development; and
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(e)
Elevation in relation to mean sea level (NAVD) of the bottom of the lowest
horizontal structural member of the lowest floor and provide a certification from a
registered engineer or architect indicating that they have developed and/or reviewed the
structural designs, specifications and plans of the construction and certified that are in
accordance with accepted standards of practice in Coastal High Hazard Areas.
(2)
Construction Stage:
Upon placement of the lowest floor, or flood-proofing by whatever construction means,
or bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member it shall be the duty of the permit
holder to submit to the Floodplain Administrator a certification of the NAVD elevation of
the lowest floor or flood-proofed elevation, or bottom of the lowest horizontal structural
member of the lowest floor as built, in relation to mean sea level. Said certification shall
be prepared by or under the direct supervision of a registered land surveyor or
professional engineer and certified by same. When flood proofing is utilized for a
particular building said certification shall be prepared by or under the direct supervision
of a professional engineer or architect and certified by same. Any work undertaken
prior to submission of the certification shall be at the permit holder's risk. The
Floodplain Administrator shall review the lowest floor and flood-proofing elevation
survey data submitted. The permit holder immediately and prior to further progressive
work being permitted to proceed shall correct violations detected by such review.
Failure to submit the survey or failure to make said corrections required hereby shall be
cause to issue a stop-work order for the project.
B.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FLOODPLAIN ADMINISTRATOR.
Duties of the Administrator shall include, but not be limited to:
(1)
Review permits to assure sites are reasonably safe from flooding;
(2)
Review all development permits to assure that the permit requirements of this
Ordinance have been satisfied;
(3)
Require copies of additional Federal, State of Florida, or local permits, especially
as they relate to Chapters 161.053; 320.8249; 320.8359; 373.036; 380.05, 381.0065;
and 553, Part IV, Florida Statutes, be submitted along with the development permit
application and maintain such permits on file with the development permit;
(4)
Notify adjacent communities, the Florida Department of Community Affairs –
Division of Emergency Management – NFIP Coordinating Office, the South Florida
Water Management District, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and other
Federal and/or State of Florida agencies with statutory or regulatory authority prior to
any alteration or relocation of a watercourse;
(5)
Assure that the flood-carrying capacity within the altered or relocated portion of
any watercourse is maintained;
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(6)
Verify and record the actual elevation (in relation to NAVD) of the lowest floor (AZones) or bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor (VZones) of all new and substantially improved buildings, in accordance with SECTION
FIVE, B (1) and (2) and E (2), respectively;
(7)
Verify and record the actual elevation (in relation to NAVD) to which the new and
substantially improved buildings have been flood-proofed, in accordance with SECTION
FIVE, B(2);
(8)
Review certified plan and specifications for compliance. When flood-proofing is
utilized for a particular building, certification shall be obtained from a registered engineer
or architect certifying that all areas of the building, together with attendant utilities and
sanitary facilities, below the required elevation are water tight with walls substantially
impermeable to the passage of water and use structural components having the
capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and the effects of buoyancy
in compliance with SECTION FIVE, B (2) of this Ordinance. In Coastal High Hazard
Areas, certification shall be obtained from a registered professional engineer or architect
that the building is designed and securely anchored to pilings or columns in order to
withstand velocity waters and hurricane wave wash. Additionally in Coastal High
Hazard Areas, if the area below the lowest horizontal structure member of the lowest
floor is enclosed, it may be done so with open wood or plastic lattice and insect
screening or with non-supporting breakaway walls that meet the standards of SECTION
FIVE, E (6) of this Ordinance;
(9)
Interpret the exact location of the boundaries of the areas of special flood hazard.
When there appears to be a conflict between a mapped boundary and actual field
conditions, the Floodplain Administrator shall make the necessary interpretation. The
person contesting the location of the boundary shall be given a reasonable opportunity
to appeal the interpretation as provided in this Section;
(10) When base flood elevation data and floodway data have not been provided in
accordance with SECTION THREE, B, the Floodplain Administrator shall obtain, review
and reasonably utilize any base flood elevation and floodway data available from a
Federal, State of Florida, or any other source, in order to administer the provisions of
SECTION FIVE;
(11) Coordinate all change requests to the FIS, FIRM and FBFM with the requestor,
State of Florida, and FEMA, and
(12) Where Base Flood Elevation is utilized, obtain and maintain records of lowest
floor and floodproofing elevations for new construction and substantial improvements in
accordance with SECTION FIVE, B (1) and (2), respectively.
(13) Grant waivers with respect to location and base flood elevation requirements
when emergency post disaster temporary housing resources are needed in temporary
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housing missions supported by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Florida
Division of Emergency Management, Hometown Emergency Management and its
designees for a period not to exceed 18 months.
(14) Facilitate permitting or assist in waivers imposed by other agencies to allow for
the emergency deployment of temporary housing supported by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency, Florida Division of Emergency Management and Hometown
Emergency Management and its designees.
SECTION FIVE:
A.
PROVISIONS FOR FLOOD HAZARD REDUCTION.
GENERAL STANDARDS.
In all areas of special flood hazards, all development sites including new construction
and substantial improvements shall be reasonably safe from flooding, and meet the
following provisions:
(1)
New construction and substantial improvements shall be designed or modified
and adequately anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement of the
structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads, including the effects of
buoyancy;
(2)
Manufactured homes shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse, or lateral
movement Methods of anchoring may include, but are not limited to, use of over-the-top
or frame ties to ground anchors. This standard shall be in addition to and consistent
with applicable State of Florida requirements for resisting wind forces;
(3)
New construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with
materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage;
(4)
New construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed by methods
and practices that minimize flood damage.
(5)
Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air conditioning equipment and other
service facilities, including duct work, shall be designed and/or located so as to prevent
water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of
flooding;
(6)
New and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to minimize or
eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system;
(7)
New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or
eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the systems and discharges from the systems
into flood waters;
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(8)
On-site waste disposal systems shall be located and constructed to avoid
impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding;
(9)
Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvements to a building that is in
compliance with the provisions of this Ordinance shall meet the requirements of “new
construction” as contained in this Ordinance;
(10)
Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvements to a building that is not in
compliance with the provisions of this Ordinance, shall be undertaken only if said nonconformity is not furthered, extended, or replaced;
(11) All applicable additional Federal, State of Florida, and local permits shall be
obtained and submitted to the Floodplain Administrator along with the application for
development permit. Copies of such permits shall be maintained on file with the
development permit. State of Florida permits may include, but not be limited to the
following:
(a)
Florida Water Management District: in accordance with Chapter 373.036
Florida Statutes, Section (2)(a) – Flood Protection and Floodplain Management.
(b)
Department of Community Affairs: in accordance with Chapter 380.05,
F.S., Areas of Critical State Concern, and Chapter 553, Part IV, Florida Statutes, Florida
Building Code.
(c)
Department of Health: in accordance with Chapter 381.0065, Florida
Statutes, Onsite Sewage Treatment and Disposal Systems; and
(d)
Department of Environmental Protection, Coastal Construction Control
Line: in accordance with Chapter 161.053, Florida Statutes, Coastal Construction and
Excavation;
(12) Standards for Subdivision Proposals and other new Proposed Development
(including manufactured homes):
(a)
Such proposals shall be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;
(b)
Such shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and
water systems located and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage; and
(c)
Such proposals shall have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to
flood hazards;
(13) When proposed new construction and substantial improvements are partially
located in an area of special flood hazard, the entire structure shall meet the standards
for new construction;
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(14) When proposed new construction and substantial improvements are located in
multiple flood hazard risk zones or in a flood hazard risk zone with multiple base flood
elevations, the entire structure shall meet the standards for the most hazardous flood
hazard risk zone and the highest base flood elevation.
B.SPECIFIC STANDARDS.
In all A-Zones where base flood elevation data have been provided (Zones AE, A1–30,
A (with base flood elevation), and AH), as set forth in SECTION THREE, B, the
following provisions, in addition to those set forth in SECTION FIVE, A, shall apply:
(1)
Residential Construction. All new construction or substantial improvement of any
residential building (including manufactured home) shall have the lowest floor, including
basement, elevated to no lower than the base flood elevation. Should solid foundation
perimeter walls be used to elevate a structure, there must be a minimum of two
openings on different sides of each enclosed area sufficient to facilitate automatic
equalization of flood hydrostatic forces in accordance with standards of SECTION FIVE,
B (3).
(2)
Non-Residential Construction. All new construction and substantial improvement
of any commercial, industrial, or non-residential building (including manufactured home)
shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to no lower than the base flood
elevation. All buildings located in A-Zones may be flood-proofed, in lieu of being
elevated, provided that all areas of the building components, together with attendant
utilities and sanitary facilities, below the base flood elevation are water tight with walls
substantially impermeable to the passage of water, and use structural components
having the capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and the effects of
buoyancy. A registered professional engineer or architect shall certify that the
standards of this subsection are satisfied using the FEMA Floodproofing Certificate.
Such certification along with the corresponding engineering data, and the operational
and maintenance plans shall be provided to the Floodplain Administrator.
(3)
Enclosures below the lowest floor.
New construction and substantial
improvements that include fully enclosed areas formed by foundation and other exterior
walls below the lowest floor elevation shall be designed to preclude finished living space
and designed to allow for the entry and exit of floodwaters to automatically equalize
hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls.
(a)
Designs for complying with this requirement must either be certified by a
professional engineer or architect or meet or exceed the following minimum criteria:
(i)
Provide a minimum of two openings {on different sides of each enclosed area}
having a total net area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of
enclosed area subject to flooding;
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(ii)
The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot above adjacent
interior grade (which must be equal to or higher in elevation than the adjacent exterior
grade); and
(iii)
Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves, or other coverings or
devices provided they provide the required net area of the openings and permit the
automatic flow of floodwaters in both directions.
(b)
Fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor shall solely be used for parking of
vehicles, storage, and building access. Access to the enclosed area shall be minimum
necessary to allow for parking of vehicles (garage door), limited storage of maintenance
equipment used in connection with the premises (standard exterior door), or entry to the
living area (stairway or elevator); and
(c)
The interior portion of such enclosed area shall not be finished or partitioned into
separate rooms.
(4)
Standards for Manufactured Homes and Recreational Vehicles
(a)
All manufactured homes to be placed, or substantially improved within Zones A130, AH, and AE, on sites: (i) outside of an existing manufactured home park or
subdivision; (ii) in a new manufactured home park or subdivision; (iii) in an expansion to
an existing manufactured home park or subdivision; or (iv) in an existing manufactured
home park or subdivision on which a manufactured home has incurred “substantial
damage” as the result of a flood, the lowest floor be elevated on a permanent
foundation to no lower than the base flood elevation and be securely anchored to an
adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse, and lateral
movement.
(b)
All manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved in an existing
manufactured home park or subdivision that are not subject to the provisions of
paragraph 4 (a) of this subsection, must be elevated so that either:
(i)
The lowest floor of the manufactured home is elevated to no lower than one (1)
foot above the base flood elevation, or
(ii)
The manufactured home chassis is supported by reinforced piers, or other
foundation elements of at least an equivalent strength, that are no less than 36 inches in
height above the grade and securely anchored to an adequate foundation system to
resist flotation, collapse, and lateral movement.
(iii)
Manufactured or component built temporary homes provided by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency, the Florida Division of Emergency Management or
the Hometown Department of Emergency Management or its approved contractor or
designee may provide post disaster emergency temporary manufactured homes or
similar resources within the floodplain for a period not to exceed 18 months. Temporary
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utility connections for the duration of the temporary housing efforts will be allowed in
accordance with provisions authorized by the Building Code Official and such housing is
provided an emergency notification and evacuation plan be in place within 30 days of
residency in accordance with guidelines imposed by the FEMA housing administrator or
his designee.
(c)
All recreational vehicles must either:
(i)
Be on the site for fewer than 180 consecutive days,
(ii)
Be fully licensed and ready for highway use (a recreational vehicle is ready for
highway use if it is on its wheels or jacking system, is attached to the site only by quick
disconnect type utilities and security devices and has no permanently attached
additions), or
(iii)
Meet all the requirements for new construction, including anchoring and elevation
requirements in accordance with SECTION FIVE, B (4) (a) and (b).
(iv)
Recreational vehicles or similar temporary or emergency housing units provided
by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Florida Division of Emergency
Management or the Hometown Department of Emergency Management or its approved
contractor or designee may provide post disaster emergency recreational vehicles
within the floodplain for a period not to exceed 18 months. Temporary utility
connections for the duration of the temporary housing efforts will be allowed in
accordance with provisions authorized by the Building Code Official and such housing is
provided an emergency notification and evacuation plan be in place within 30 days of
residency in accordance with guidelines imposed by the FEMA housing administrator or
his designee.
(v)
(5)
Adequate drainage paths around structures shall be provided on slopes to guide
water away from structures within Zone AH.
(6)
Standards for waterways with established Base Flood Elevations, but without
Regulatory Floodways.
Located within the areas of special flood hazard established in SECTION THREE, B,
where streams exist for which base flood elevation data has been provided by the
Federal Emergency Management Agency without the delineation of the regulatory
floodway (Zones AE and A1-30), the following provisions, in addition to those set forth in
SECTION FIVE, B (1) through (5) shall apply.
(a)
Until a regulatory floodway is designated, no new construction, substantial
improvements, or other development, including fill, shall be permitted within the areas of
special flood hazard, unless it is demonstrated that the cumulative effect of the
proposed development, when combined with all other existing and anticipated
development, will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood more than
one foot at any point within the community.
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(b)
Development activities which increase the water surface elevation of the base
flood by more than one foot may be allowed, provided that the developer or applicant
first applies – with the community’s endorsement – for a conditional FIRM revision, and
receives the approval of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
(7)
For all structures located seaward of the Coastal Construction Control Line
(CCCL), the lowest floor of all new construction and substantial improvements shall be
elevated to no lower than the 100-year flood elevation established by the Florida
Department of Environmental Protection or by FEMA in accordance with SECTION
THREE, B, whichever is higher. All non-elevation design requirements of SECTION
FIVE, B, shall apply.
C.
SPECIFIC STANDARDS FOR A-ZONES
ELEVATIONS AND REGULATORY FLOODWAYS.
WITHOUT
BASE
FLOOD
Located within the areas of special flood hazard established in SECTION THREE, B,
where there exist A-Zones for which no base flood elevation data and regulatory
floodway have been provided or designated by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency, the following provisions shall apply:
(1)
Require standards of SECTION FIVE, A.
(2)
Require that all new subdivision proposals and other proposed developments
(including proposals for manufactured home parks and subdivisions) greater than 50
lots or 5 acres, whichever is the lesser, include within such proposals base flood
elevation data. Standards set forth in SECTION FIVE, B, shall apply.
(3)
The Floodplain Administrator shall obtain, review, and reasonably utilize any
base flood elevation and floodway data available from a Federal, State of Florida, or any
other source, in order to administer the provisions of this Ordinance. When such data is
utilized, provisions of SECTION FIVE, B, shall apply. The Floodplain Administrator
shall:
a)
Obtain the elevation (in relation to the mean sea level NAVD) of the lowest floor
(including the basement) of all new and substantially improved structures,
b)
Obtain, if the structure has been floodproofed in accordance with the
requirements of SECTION FIVE, B (2), the elevation in relation to the mean sea level
(NAVD) to which the structure has been floodproofed, and
c)
Maintain a record of all such information.
(4)
Notify, in riverine situations, adjacent communities, the State of Florida,
Department of Community Affairs - NFIP Coordinating Office, and the South Florida
Water Management District prior to any alteration or relocation of a watercourse, and
submit copies of such notifications to FEMA.
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(5)
Assure that the flood carrying capacity within the altered or relocated portion of
any watercourse is maintained.
(6)
Manufactured homes shall be installed using methods and practices that
minimize flood damage. They must be elevated and anchored to prevent flotation,
collapse, and lateral movement. Methods of anchoring may include, but are not limited
to, use of over-the-top or frame ties to ground anchors. This requirement is in addition
to applicable State of Florida and local anchoring requirements for resisting wind forces.
(7)
When the data is not available from any source, in accordance with the standard
set forth in SECTION FIVE, C (2), of this Ordinance, the lowest floor of the structure
shall be elevated to no lower than {three feet} above the highest adjacent grade.
Standards set forth in SECTION FIVE, B, shall apply
D.
STANDARDS FOR COASTAL HIGH HAZARD AREAS (V-ZONES).
Located within areas of special flood hazard established in SECTION THREE, B, are
Coastal High Hazard Areas, designated as Zones V1–30, VE, or V (with BFE). The
following provisions shall apply:
(1)
Meet the standards of SECTION FOUR, A, and SECTION FIVE, A, B (except B
(7)), C, and D.
(2)
All new construction and substantial improvements in Zones V1–V30, VE, and V
(with BFE) shall be elevated on pilings or columns so that:
(a)
The bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor
(excluding the pilings or columns) is elevated to no lower than the base flood elevation
whether or not the structure contains a basement; and
(b)
The pile or column foundation and structure attached thereto is anchored to
resist floatation, collapse and lateral movement due to the effects of wind and water
loads acting simultaneously on all building components. Water loading will be those
values associated with the base flood. Wind loading values will be those required by
applicable State of Florida or local, if more stringent than those of the State of Florida,
building standards.
(c)
For all structures located seaward of the Coastal Construction Control Line
(CCCL), the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor of all
new construction and substantial improvements shall be elevated to the 100-year flood
elevation established by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection or the
base flood elevation, whichever is the higher.
(3)
A registered professional engineer or architect shall develop or review the
structural design, specifications and plans for the construction, and shall certify that the
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design and methods of construction to be used are in accordance with accepted
standards of practice for meeting the provisions of this Section.
(4)
Obtain the elevation (in relation to mean sea level NAVD) of the bottom of the
lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor (excluding pilings and columns)
of all new and substantially improved structures. The Floodplain Administrator shall
maintain a record of all such information.
(5)
All new construction and substantial improvements shall be located landward of
the reach of mean high tide.
(6)
Provide that all new construction and substantial improvements have the space
below the lowest floor either free of obstruction or constructed with nonsupporting
breakaway walls, open wood lattice-work, or insect screening intended to collapse
under wind and water loads without causing collapse, displacement, or other structural
damage to the elevated portion of the building or supporting foundation system. For the
purposes of this Section, a breakaway wall shall have a design safe loading resistance
of not less than 10 or no more than 20 pounds per square foot. Use of breakaway walls
which exceed a design safe loading resistance of 20 pounds per square foot (either by
design or when so required by State of Florida or local local codes) may be permitted
only if a registered professional engineer or architect certifies that the designs proposed
meet the following conditions:
(a)
Breakaway wall collapse shall result from water load less than that which could
occur during the base flood; and
(b)
The elevated portion of the building and supporting foundation system shall not
be subject to collapse, displacement, or other structural damage due to the effects of
wind and water loads acting simultaneously on all building components (structural and
non-structural). The water loading shall be those values associated with the base flood.
The wind loading values shall be those required by applicable Florida or local, if more
stringent than those of the State of Florida, building standards.
(c)
Such enclosed space shall be usable solely for parking of vehicles, building
access, or storage. {Such space shall not be finished, partitioned into multiple rooms,
or temperature-controlled.}
(7)
Prohibit the use of fill for structural support. No development permit shall be
issued for development involving fill in coastal high hazard areas unless it has been
demonstrated through appropriate engineering analyses that the subject fill does not
cause any adverse impacts to the structure on site or other properties.
(8)
Prohibit man-made alteration of sand dunes and mangrove stands that would
increase potential flood damage.
(9)
Standards for Manufactured Homes:
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(a)
All manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved on sites:
(i) Outside a manufactured home park or subdivision, (ii) In a new manufactured home
park or subdivision, (iii) In an expansion to an existing manufactured home park or
subdivision, or, (iv) In an existing manufactured home park or subdivision in which a
manufactured home has incurred “substantial damage” as the result of a flood, must
meet the standards of SECTION FIVE, E (2) though (8); or
(b)
All manufactured homes placed or substantially improved on other sites in
an existing manufactured home park or subdivision shall meet the requirements of
SECTION FIVE, B (4) (b).
(10) Recreational vehicles placed on sites within Zones VE, V1–V30, V (with base
flood elevation) on the FIRM either
(a)
Be on the site for fewer than 180 consecutive days,
(b)
Be fully licensed and ready for highway use (on its wheels or jacking
system, is attached to the site only by quick disconnect type utilities and security
devices, and has no permanently attached additions); or
(c)
Meet the requirements of SECTION FIVE, E (2) through (8).
(11) For all structures located seaward of the Coastal Construction Control Line
(CCCL), the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor of all
new construction and substantial improvements shall be elevated to the flood elevation
established by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection or the base flood
elevation, whichever is the higher. All non-elevation design requirements SECTION
FIVE, E (2) through (10) shall apply.
(12) When fill is proposed, in accordance with the permit issued by the Florida
Department of Health, in a Coastal High Hazard Area, the development permit shall be
issued only upon demonstration by appropriate engineering analyses that the proposed
fill will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood nor cause any adverse
impacts to the structure on site or other properties by wave ramping and deflection.
SECTION SIX:
A.
VARIANCE PROCEDURES.
DESIGNATION OF VARIANCE AND APPEALS BOARD.
(1)
The Board of Zoning Appeals as established by the Board of Commissioners of
Hometown, Florida, shall hear and decide appeals and requests for variances from the
requirements of this Ordinance.
B.
DUTIES OF VARIANCE AND APPEALS BOARD.
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The Board shall hear and decide appeals when it is alleged an error in any
requirement, decision, or determination is made by the Floodplain Management
Administrator in the enforcement or administration of this Ordinance. Any person
aggrieved by the decision of the board may appeal such decision to the Circuit Court.
C. VARIANCE PROCEDURES.
In acting upon such applications, the Board of Zoning Appeals shall consider all
technical evaluations, all relevant factors, standards specified in other Sections of this
Ordinance, and:
(1)
The danger that materials may be swept onto other lands to the injury of others;
(2)
The danger of life and property due to flooding or erosion damage;
(3)
The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its contents to flood damage and
the effect of such damage on the individual owner;
(4)
The importance of the services provided by the proposed facility to the
community;
(5)
The necessity to the facility of a waterfront location, where applicable;
(6)
The availability of alternative locations for the proposed use which are not subject
to flooding or erosion damage;
(7)
The compatibility of the proposed use with existing and anticipated development;
(8)
The relationship of the proposed use to the comprehensive plan and floodplain
management program for that area;
(9)
The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and emergency
vehicles;
(10) The expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise, and sediment of transport of
the flood waters and the effects of wave action, if applicable, expected at the site; and
(11) The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood conditions,
including maintenance and repair of public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas,
electrical, and water systems, and streets and bridges.
(12) Grant and facilitate situations in code or regulations in which an unforeseen
circumstance has been identified following a natural or man-made disaster in support of
the emergent need for post disaster temporary emergency housing. Such efforts,
pending the magnitude of the disaster and the need for emergency housing may include
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efforts to grandfather or retro-actively approve such temporary emergency housing
actions, waivers or exemptions when reasonable efforts were implemented to protect
life, property and minimize suffering in an attempt to stabilize displaced residents and
families following a disaster. Where possible such temporary waivers or exemptions
following a disaster housing effort shall terminate within 18 months of issuance.
D. CONDITIONS FOR VARIANCES.
(1)
Variances shall only be issued when there is:
a)
A showing of good and sufficient cause;
b)
A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in exceptional
hardship; and
c)
A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in increased flood
heights, additional threats to public expense, create nuisance, cause fraud on or
victimization of the public, or conflict with existing local laws or ordinances.
(2)
Variances shall only be issued upon a determination that the variance is the
minimum necessary deviation from the requirements of this Ordinance.
(3)
The Floodplain Administrator shall maintain the records of all variance actions,
including justification for their issuance or denial, and report such variances in the
community’s NFIP Biennial Report or upon request to FEMA and the State of Florida,
Department of Community Affairs, NFIP Coordinating Office.
E. VARIANCE NOTIFICATION.
Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given written notice over the
signature of a community official that:
(1)
The issuance of a variance to construct a structure below the base flood
elevation will result in increased premium rates for flood insurance up to amounts as
high as $25 for $100 of insurance coverage, and
(2)
Such construction below the base flood level increases risks to life and property.
A copy of the notice shall be recorded by the Floodplain Administrator in the Office of
the Clerk of Court and shall be recorded in a manner so that it appears in the chain of
title of the affected parcel of land.
F. HISTORIC STRUCTURES.
Variances may be issued for the repair or rehabilitation of “historic” structures – meeting
the definition in this Ordinance – upon a determination that the proposed repair or
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rehabilitation will not preclude the structure’s continued designation as a “historic”
structure.
J. STRUCTURES IN REGULATORY FLOODWAY.
Variances shall not be issued within any designated floodway if any impact in flood
conditions or increase in flood levels during the base flood discharge would result.
SECTION SEVEN:
INCLUSION IN THE CODE OF LAWS AND ORDINANCES.
The provisions of this Ordinance shall be made a part of the Code of Laws and
Ordinances of Hometown, Florida. The Sections of the Ordinance may be renumbered
or re-lettered to accomplish such, and the word "ordinance" may be changed to
"section," "article," or any other appropriate word.
SECTION EIGHT:
CONFLICT AND SEVERABILITY.
In the event this Ordinance conflicts with any other Ordinance of Hometown or other
applicable law, the more restrictive shall apply. If any phrase or portion of the
Ordinance is held invalid or unconstitutional by any court of competent jurisdiction, such
portion shall be deemed a separate, distinct and independent provision and such
holding shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion.
SECTION NINE:
EFFECTIVE DATE.
This Ordinance shall become effective upon filing with the Florida Department of State.
PASSED AND DULY ADOPTED by the Board of Commissioners of Hometown Florida,
this ____day of_________________, 2010.
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Appendix G: Code of Ordinances / Emergency Ordinances
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Appendix H: Planning, Building and Zoning Code Modification
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Appendix I: Memorandum of Understanding
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Appendix J: Post-Disaster Incident Action Plan Objectives Checklist
The Post-Disaster Incident Action Plan shall contain the following elements:
 Extended emergency sheltering (ES) needs, resources, and strategy options
including transitional sheltering.
 Establish initial forecast on temporary housing “ballpark” range based on disaster
damage, impact assessments and habitability assessments.
 Status of temporary roofing program and emergency repair program
 Identify county-specific temporary housing options with focus on population
retention.
 Detail any outstanding regulatory issues inhibiting the disaster housing mission
including zoning/land use restrictions affecting disaster housing missions.
 List and status of commercial mobile home parks and contact information.
 List and status of hotel/motel units available
 Establish housing priorities and options for disaster survivors, emergency
workers and volunteers
 Detail vacant lands available for group site options incorporating all known
information related to location, ownership, size, infrastructure, etc.
 Confirm and incorporate changes to the county-specific strategies.
 Validate temporary housing needs forecast and mission timeframe based on
FEMA applicant registrations and county client management records.
 Confirm and review progress of county-specific strategies.
 Assess potential long-term housing needs, resources and strategies.
 Identify status of unmet community needs and coordination with the Unmet
Needs Committee.
 Contact list for utilities, permits and code requirements.
 Status of transportation resources (daily updates).
 Status/availability of HUD housing.
 Areas of environmental concern.
Geographic Information System based maps showing the following: Boundaries of the
affected areas, terrain of affected areas, areas of storm surge (if applicable), population
density affected by event/incident, areas with disrupted utilities, utility grids, 100 and
500 year floodplain areas, numbers/types of housing in affected areas, and locations of
commercial parks and possible emergency group site locations.”
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