Practice Final Exam
Second Half of the School Year
1. President Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal and President Lyndon Johnson’s Great
Society were similar in that both:
1. returned control of social welfare programs to the states
2. relied on individual initiative to improve the economy
3. were supported by Congress over the objections of the majority of state
governments
4. increased the role of the Federal Government in dealing with social and economic
problems
2. A main purpose of President Theodore Roosevelt’s trustbusting policies was to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
reduce corruption in government
save the nation’s banks
encourage competition in business
end strikes by labor unions
3. During which period in United States history were the amendments concerning the
income tax, direct election of Senators. Prohibition, and women’s suffrage enacted?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Reconstruction
The Gilded Age
Progressive Era
New Deal
4. In the early 20th century, muckrakers were able to influence American society mainly
through their:
1.
2.
3.
4.
frequent acts of civil disobedience
activities as government officials
publication of articles and books
control over factories
5. Based on a study of the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti (1920’s) and the internment of
Japanese Americans (1940’s), which conclusion is most accurate?
1. The Bill of Rights is not intended to apply to naturalized citizens
2. Racial and ethnic hostilities are effectively checked by adherence to due process
of law.
3. Internment of suspected criminals is necessary during wartime.
4. Nativism and racism sometimes override the ideals of constitutional democracy
6. One way in which the Red Scare of the 1920s and McCarthyism of the 1950s were
similar is that both:
1.
2.
3.
4.
jeopardized the rights of individuals suspected of un-American activity
occurred during times of economic depression
addressed the issue of increased government bureaucracy after a world war
led to the imprisonment of ethnic minorities during wartime
7. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920’s was a period when African Americans:
1.
2.
3.
4.
left the United States in large numbers to settle in Nigeria
created noteworthy works of art and literature
migrated to the West in search of land and jobs
used civil disobedience to fight segregation in the Armed Forces
8. The 1920’s are sometimes called the "Roaring Twenties" because:
1.
2.
3.
4.
foreign trade prospered after World War I
the United States assumed a leadership role in world affairs
political reforms made government more democratic
widespread social and economic change occurred
9. The economic boom and the financial speculation of the 1920’s were caused in part
by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
installment buying and an unregulated stock market
the expansion of civil rights to women and minorities
the mobilization of the economy for war
increased government restrictions on big business
10. Which combination of factors contributed most to the start of the Great Depression
of the 1930’s?
1.
2.
3.
4.
immigration restrictions and a lack of skilled workers
high taxes and overspending on social welfare programs
United States war debts and the declining value of the dollar
overproduction and the excessive use of credit
11. During World War II, women and minorities made economic gains mainly because:
1. a shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the workplace
2. more educational opportunities increased the number of skilled workers in these
groups
3. labor unions successfully demanded equal opportunities for these groups
4. new civil rights legislation forced businesses to change their hiring practices
12. A major cause of the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II was:
1.
2.
3.
4.
national segregation policies
immigration quotas
racial prejudice
economic depression
13. President Harry Truman’s decision to use atomic bombs against Japan was primarily
based on his belief that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
an invasion of Japan would result in excessive casualties
Germany would refuse to surrender in Europe
an alliance was developing between Japan and the Soviet Union
Japan was in the process of developing its own atomic weapons
14. Which congressional action not only raised money for World War II but also
contributed to the national debt?
1.
2.
3.
4.
requiring employers to withhold taxes from workers’ paychecks
raising income tax rates
selling war bonds
enacting wage and price controls
15. Which situation resulted from Senator Joseph McCarthy’s search for Communists
within the United States during the 1950’s?
1. Thousands of American citizens who believed in communism were either jailed
or deported.
2. The reputations of many people were ruined by false accusations of disloyalty
3. Many high-ranking government officials were exposed as spies of the Soviet
Union.
4. Organized groups of Communists began a wave of violent political terrorism.
16. The successful launching of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957 signaled the
beginning of:
1.
2.
3.
4.
American fears that the Soviets had achieved technological superiority
the Cold War with the United States
Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and China
disarmament discussions between the superpowers
17. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan represented attempts by the United
States to deal with the:
1.
2.
3.
4.
national debt
spread of communism
President’s political opposition
arms race
18. Both the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba (1961) and the invasion of Panama (1989) are
examples of United States attempts to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
eliminate unfriendly governments geographically close to the United States
cultivate good relations with Latin American nations
stop the drug trade
end the Cold War
19. The Korean War and the Persian Gulf War were similar in that both:
1.
2.
3.
4.
represented United Nations efforts to assist nations in repelling aggressors
involved unilateral military action by the United States
were military defeats for the United Nations
brought about lasting solutions to problems in each region
20. President John F. Kennedy supported the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba as an
effort to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
remove a communist dictator from power
stop the flow of illegal drugs to the United States
support Fidel Castro’s efforts for reform
rescue hostages held by Cuban freedom fighters
21. The major goal of the civil rights movement of the 1960’s was to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
establish a separate political state for African Americans
gain passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution
end segregation based on race
permit unlimited immigration to the United States
22. When necessary to achieve justice, which method did Martin Luther King, Jr., urge
his followers to employ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
using violence to bring about political change
engaging in civil disobedience
leaving any community in which racism is practiced
demanding that Congress pay reparations to African Americans
23. After the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, African Americans
continued to experience political and economic oppression mainly because:
1.
2.
3.
4.
the amendments were not intended to solve their problems
many African Americans distrusted the Federal Government
Southern legislatures enacted Jim Crow laws
poor communications kept people from learning about their legal rights
24. Martin Luther King, Jr. first emerged as a leader of the civil rights movement when
he:
1.
2.
3.
4.
led the bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama
refused to give up his seat on a bus to a white man
challenged the authority of the Supreme Court
was elected as the first black congressman from the South
25. In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court ruled that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
states may not secede from the Union
all western territories should be open to slavery
racial segregation was constitutional
slaves are property and may not be taken from their owners
26. In 1954, the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
advanced the civil rights movement by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
guaranteeing equal voting rights to African Americans
banning racial segregation in hotels and restaurants
declaring that racial segregation in public schools violated the 14th amendment
upholding the principle of separate but equal public facilities
27. The Great Society programs of the 1960’s used the power of the Federal Government
to bring about:
1.
2.
3.
4.
an all-volunteer military
antipoverty reforms
deregulation of business
reduced defense spending
28. Which situation was a result of the Vietnam War?
1.
2.
3.
4.
South Vietnam was able to maintain its noncommunist status.
The United States questioned its role as a police officer of the world.
Richard Nixon was forced to resign the presidency.
The War Powers Act was repealed by Congress.
29. What was a major result of the Watergate controversy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Presidential veto power was expanded.
The president resigned from office.
Congressional power was reduced.
The Supreme Court was weakened.
30. In 1991, one of the reasons President George H. W. Bush committed United States
troops to the Persian Gulf War was to:
1. maintain the flow of trade through the Suez Canal
2. fulfill military obligations as a member of the North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA)
3. contain the spread of communism in the Middle East
4. assure the flow of Middle East oil to the United States and its allies