TERMS OF REFERENCE
Position:
National Consultant for Assessment of National Emissions
Trading Scheme
Project number and name:
Project Preparation Grant (PPG) for UNDP-GEF full-sized
project (FSP) “Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions
for Low-carbon Urban Development”
Type of Contract:
IC
Duty Station:
Kazakhstan
Duration:
June – August 2014 (22 working days)
Introduction:
Kazakhstan ratified UNFCCC in 1995 as non-Annex I party and already in 1999 committed to join
industrialized nations in their effort to limit GHG emissions and accept a binding and quantified
emission limitation of 100% over a 1992 baseline. Further, in 2010 Kazakhstan announced and
communicated to the Parties its additional voluntary commitments to reduce GHG emissions by 15%
by 2020 and by 25% by 2050. As part of its national efforts to meet voluntary GHG emission
reduction obligation, the Government of Kazakhstan introduced as of January 2013 the domestic
emission trading scheme (ETS). Under ETS, all industrial entities with annual emissions above 20,000
tCO2 will be subject to mandatory emission reduction targets, which they can meet either by
implementing mitigation measures internally or by buying the respective amount of emission
reduction certificates domestically or internationally. Because of the substantial internal demand
that it will create, ETS is seen as a major opportunity to stimulate investment in cost-effective
emission reduction actions nation-wide. However, many small-scale, but cumulatively significant
opportunities for urban emission reductions will remain outside of ETS scope and won’t be able to
benefit from the demand that it will create.
With this project, the Government of Kazakhstan is requesting GEF support to help identify, develop
and leverage financing for Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in its urban sector.
Urban GHG emission reductions are prioritized in this proposal because a) it is the sector with
significant and cost-effective abatement potential; b) it is the only sector not explicitly covered by
domestic ETS; and c) it is the sector where reduction of GHG emissions will directly result in tangible
socio-economic and local environmental benefits.
Urban Development and GHG Emissions:
Kazakhstan is becoming increasingly urbanized, with the urban population projected to reach 66% of
the total by 2030. Kazakhstanis migrate from villages and smaller towns to the largest cities in
search of higher incomes, better employment prospects and modern lifestyles. The population of
the capital Astana grew by 49.1% between 2004 and 2009, reaching 690,000. It is expected to reach
1.7 million by 2030. Almaty, the capital city until 1998, remains the country's most populous city, at
1.3 million in 2009. Shymkent, Kazakhstan's third-largest city and an important oil refining and
industry centre grew by 35.6% in 2004-2009. Karaganda, the country's fourth largest city thrived
during Soviet times as a coal mining centre but has lost much of its economic importance,
nevertheless the growth continues by about 5.4% in 2004-2009.
The challenges most Kazakhstani cities increasingly face are those related to decaying and
outmoded urban infrastructure, deteriorated communal housing, urban blight, and urban poverty.
Specifically, ensuring maintenance and communal services for multifamily housing remain a key
priority for all cities. Multifamily apartment blocks account for 157.2 mln m2 or 60% of the housing
stock; one of three or 50 mln m2 is in need of capital renovation, while 3.8 mln m2 is in emergency
state and has to be demolished. Regardless of technical conditions, over 70% of multifamily
apartment buildings have very low thermal performance (especially buildings constructed in 1950 1980s): thermal losses account for up to 50% of heat consumption. Urban engineering systems,
power, heat, water supply and sanitation, are in equally alarming state: depreciation of communal
infrastructure is at the level of 60-65% leading to high losses and inefficiencies. Technical losses are
estimated to be 16% in power distribution, 20% in heat supply, and up to 60% in water supply.
Urban GHG emissions: Kazakhstan is by far the largest GHG emitter in Central Asia with annual
emissions of 243 Mt CO2e in 2005 and has one of the world’s highest GHG emissions per capita,
14.8 tCO2/cap. In Kazakhstan, as elsewhere, urban residents have a disproportionately bigger
impact on the country GHG emissions than rural population because of their higher consumption
level and more GHG-intensive lifestyle and infrastructure. This trend is best illustrated via the
dynamics of GHG emissions from municipal waste sector: it is the only one in national GHG
inventory which did not experience the decline in emissions throughout 1990s and have grown
nearly two fold between 1992 and 2005. Likewise, GHG emissions from municipal heat supply
facilities and transport have been steadily rising since early 2000s. In the baseline scenario, urban
GHG emissions will continue growing and will account for over 60% of the country carbon footprint
by 2030.
The Government of Kazakhstan is committed to finance and implement a number of large-scale
investment programs aimed at renewal and upgrade of urban environment, housing and
infrastructure with a strong focus on increasing energy efficiency, minimizing energy losses,
promoting renewable energy and other low-carbon measures in cities. However, the Government
also realizes that although substantial its own budget resources, as well as the available human and
institutional capacities are not sufficient to fully address vast potential for resources saving and GHG
emission reduction in the entire urban sector and to move Kazakhstani cities on a sustainable and
low-emission development trajectory.
Background:
Proposed UNDP-GEF project aims to assist the country in developing and implementing most
appropriate urban mitigation measures and leveraging additional financing for their
implementation. This will be done through five (5) principal components as follows:
Component 1 will enable cities to undertake their urban GHG inventories, assess abatement
potential and establish relevant city-wide emission reduction targets
Component 2 will put in place enabling institutional framework for implementation urban
mitigation actions based on public-private partnership model
Component 3 will establish revolving financing scheme under the National Fund for Urban
Modernization to provide start-up financing for selected urban NAMAs
Component 4 will identify and finance pilot urban mitigation actions in one of Astana’s district
Component 5 will establish monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) system to track the
achievement of urban emission reduction targets and link urban NAMAs with domestic ETS
Approval of the full-scale UNDP-GEF project’s inclusion into the GEF Council’s work program, together
with the approval of a project preparation grant (PPG), was obtained in April 2013. The objective of the
PPG is to develop a full-sized UNDP-Global Environment Facility (GEF) project for Kazakhstan, with the
expected submission of the project in February 2014.
According to GEF rules and regulations the following step is submission of signed PPG initiation plan to
GEF Secretary. This document will be submitted to the GEF following further information gathering and
stakeholder consultation, and will be accompanied by co-financing letters in line with pledges made in
the PIF. The respective partners and co-financers will be fully engaged in the project design phase; oneon-one consultations, working group meetings, and project development workshops will be convened
for the purpose. The project partners listed as co-financiers to the PIF have ensured proportional cofunding for the PPG, and will fully participate in the preparation of the full-size project documentation.
In this way, the involvement of co-funding partners will be fully ensured. The PPG activities will
consolidate and supplement the existing information supplied in the PIF on the state of desert
landscapes in Kazakhstan, with focus on protected area management and community involvement in
wider landscape. The PPG will address comments of the GEF Secretariat, STAP, and Council. The PPG
activities will take into account the lessons learnt from previous UNDP-GEF projects in Kazakhstan and
projects of other agencies and donors relevant to the subject matter of the project. The development of
the project will follow the principles of CACLIM partnership and priorities set in this framework
document for Kazakhstan. The project’s technical feasibility and economic viability will be assessed as
will the risks associated with its implementation. In order to achieve these objectives, the PPG has been
organized into the following components and activities:
1. Detailed assessment of policy and regulatory settings of the project;
2. Assessment of the capacity of different agencies to support the implementation of project activities;
3. Specifics of on-the-ground actions;
4. Feasibility analysis and budget.
Objective:
It is expected that the national consultant will assist the team leader in the preparatory grant (PPG)
stage through coordinating the work of all other national consultants, is responsible for quality control
and preparation of all reports and documentation in time; organization of one-on-one consultations,
working group meetings, and project development workshops at the national level.
Scope of work:
Overall objective of the assignment for the position of the National Consultant on National Emission
Trading Scheme in urban sector will be to assist the International Consultant in an assessment of the
effectiveness of National Emission Trading Scheme.
Under the direct supervision of the Programme Analyst from the Energy and Environment Unit at the
Country Office and in consultations with the International consultant, the contractor will be responsible
to perform the following activities:
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Collect the background data to enable assessment of the National Emission
Trading Scheme for each of the 15 participating cities, if available and provided by
authorized institutions/organizations;
Liaise with the relevant municipal authorities to obtain the data that are not available from
the national statistics;
Coordinate with the International GHG expert on any clarifications or additions that may be
needed.
Work closely with appropriate professionals on GHG emissions, city development, energy
efficiency, heat, hot water supply, energy supply-demand, EE construction, and lighting.
Work closely with appropriate institutions at the national and local level in order to achieve
basic consensus on scale, content and format of the main project phase;
Main Outputs: all necessary materials and calculations prepared for the international leading consultant
to develop (1) Project Document, and (2) CEO endorsement template. The scope of concrete tasks will
be subject to discussions with the international leading consultant hired by UNDP for that.
Expected results and payments:
No.
1
Results
Timing
National Emission Trading Scheme data input 30 June 2014
table for 15 pilot cities (max) of Kazakhstan
Final documents with data ready and 15 July 2014
submitted
for
leading
international
consultant’s review
4
Amount (optional)
50%
50%
Note:
This is a lump sum contract that should include costs of consultancy and travel costs required to
produce the above deliverables.
Payment will be released in two installments upon satisfactorily submission of results.
Responsibility:



Reports to Programme Analyst in the EE portfolio
Ensures timely and quality execution of the Terms of Reference
Ensures unconditional carrying out of requirements of the Contract
Knowledge and skills:

Graduate or advanced degree in the field of engineering/environmental/economic sciences or
other relevant fieldsProfessional qualifications with at least seven (7) years of professional
experience
 At least 5 years of working experience in environmental sphere





Experience in the related projects;
Good capacities for strategic thinking, planning and management;
Experience in establishment of cooperation with stakeholders, institutions and organizations.
Excellent writing and editing and oral communication skills in English;
Good computer skills;
COA (MUST BE INDICATED IN NUMBERS)
Project
ID
86549
Activity
Account
1
71300
Amount
Fund
Dept ID
62000
55205
Impl
Agency
001981
Donor
Agreed by:
Supervisor:
Programme Analyst ___________________________________________________________
Signature
date
Stanislav Kim____________________________________________________________________
Head of EE Unit
signature
date
10003