Annex 1
TERMS OF REFERENCE
Position:
PPG national expert on natural disaster response policies
Project number and name:
Project Preparation Grant (PPG) for UNDP-GEF full-sized
project (FSP) “Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions
for Low-carbon Urban Development”
Type of Contract:
IC
Duty Station:
Kazakhstan
Duration:
June 2014 - August 2014
Introduction:
Kazakhstan ratified UNFCCC in 1995 as non-Annex I party and already in 1999 committed to join
industrialized nations in their effort to limit GHG emissions and accept a binding and quantified
emission limitation of 100% over a 1992 baseline. Further, in 2010 Kazakhstan announced and
communicated to the Parties its additional voluntary commitments to reduce GHG emissions by 15%
by 2020 and by 25% by 2050. As part of its national efforts to meet voluntary GHG emission
reduction obligation, the Government of Kazakhstan introduced as of January 2013 the domestic
emission trading scheme (ETS). Under ETS, all industrial entities with annual emissions above 20,000
tCO2 will be subject to mandatory emission reduction targets, which they can meet either by
implementing mitigation measures internally or by buying the respective amount of emission
reduction certificates domestically or internationally. Because of the substantial internal demand
that it will create, ETS is seen as a major opportunity to stimulate investment in cost-effective
emission reduction actions nation-wide. However, many small-scale, but cumulatively significant
opportunities for urban emission reductions will remain outside of ETS scope and won’t be able to
benefit from the demand that it will create.
With this project, the Government of Kazakhstan is requesting GEF support to help identify, develop
and leverage financing for Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in its urban sector.
Urban GHG emission reductions are prioritized in this proposal because a) it is the sector with
significant and cost-effective abatement potential; b) it is the only sector not explicitly covered by
domestic ETS; and c) it is the sector where reduction of GHG emissions will directly result in tangible
socio-economic and local environmental benefits.
Urban Development and GHG Emissions:
Kazakhstan is becoming increasingly urbanized, with the urban population projected to reach 66% of
the total by 2030. Kazakhstanis migrate from villages and smaller towns to the largest cities in
search of higher incomes, better employment prospects and modern lifestyles. The population of
the capital Astana grew by 49.1% between 2004 and 2009, reaching 690,000. It is expected to reach
1.7 million by 2030. Almaty, the capital city until 1998, remains the country's most populous city, at
1.3 million in 2009. Shymkent, Kazakhstan's third-largest city and an important oil refining and
industry centre grew by 35.6% in 2004-2009. Karaganda, the country's fourth largest city thrived
during Soviet times as a coal mining centre but has lost much of its economic importance,
nevertheless the growth continues by about 5.4% in 2004-2009.
The challenges most Kazakhstani cities increasingly face are those related to decaying and
outmoded urban infrastructure, deteriorated communal housing, urban blight, and urban poverty.
Specifically, ensuring maintenance and communal services for multifamily housing remain a key
priority for all cities. Multifamily apartment blocks account for 157.2 mln m2 or 60% of the housing
stock; one of three or 50 mln m2 is in need of capital renovation, while 3.8 mln m2 is in emergency
state and has to be demolished. Regardless of technical conditions, over 70% of multifamily
apartment buildings have very low thermal performance (especially buildings constructed in 1950 1980s): thermal losses account for up to 50% of heat consumption. Urban engineering systems,
power, heat, water supply and sanitation, are in equally alarming state: depreciation of communal
infrastructure is at the level of 60-65% leading to high losses and inefficiencies. Technical losses are
estimated to be 16% in power distribution, 20% in heat supply, and up to 60% in water supply.
Urban GHG emissions: Kazakhstan is by far the largest GHG emitter in Central Asia with annual
emissions of 243 Mt CO2e in 2005 and has one of the world’s highest GHG emissions per capita,
14.8 tCO2/cap. In Kazakhstan, as elsewhere, urban residents have a disproportionately bigger
impact on the country GHG emissions than rural population because of their higher consumption
level and more GHG-intensive lifestyle and infrastructure. This trend is best illustrated via the
dynamics of GHG emissions from municipal waste sector: it is the only one in national GHG
inventory which did not experience the decline in emissions throughout 1990s and have grown
nearly two fold between 1992 and 2005. Likewise, GHG emissions from municipal heat supply
facilities and transport have been steadily rising since early 2000s. In the baseline scenario, urban
GHG emissions will continue growing and will account for over 60% of the country carbon footprint
by 2030.
The Government of Kazakhstan is committed to finance and implement a number of large-scale
investment programs aimed at renewal and upgrade of urban environment, housing and
infrastructure with a strong focus on increasing energy efficiency, minimizing energy losses,
promoting renewable energy and other low-carbon measures in cities. However, the Government
also realizes that although substantial its own budget resources, as well as the available human and
institutional capacities are not sufficient to fully address vast potential for resources saving and GHG
emission reduction in the entire urban sector and to move Kazakhstani cities on a sustainable and
low-emission development trajectory.
Background:
Proposed UNDP-GEF project aims to assist the country in developing and implementing most
appropriate urban mitigation measures and leveraging additional financing for their
implementation. This will be done through five (5) principal components as follows:
Component 1 will enable cities to undertake their urban GHG inventories, assess abatement
potential and establish relevant city-wide emission reduction targets
Component 2 will put in place enabling institutional framework for implementation urban
mitigation actions based on public-private partnership model
Component 3 will establish revolving financing scheme under the National Fund for Urban
Modernization to provide start-up financing for selected urban NAMAs
Component 4 will identify and finance pilot urban mitigation actions in one of Astana’s district
Component 5 will establish monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) system to track the
achievement of urban emission reduction targets and link urban NAMAs with domestic ETS
Approval of the full-scale UNDP-GEF project’s inclusion into the GEF Council’s work program, together
with the approval of a project preparation grant (PPG), was obtained in April 2013. The objective of the
PPG is to develop a full-sized UNDP-Global Environment Facility (GEF) project for Kazakhstan, with the
expected submission of the project in February 2014.
According to GEF rules and regulations the following step is submission of signed PPG initiation plan to
GEF Secretary. This document will be submitted to the GEF following further information gathering and
stakeholder consultation, and will be accompanied by co-financing letters in line with pledges made in
the PIF. The respective partners and co-financers will be fully engaged in the project design phase; oneon-one consultations, working group meetings, and project development workshops will be convened
for the purpose. The project partners listed as co-financiers to the PIF have ensured proportional cofunding for the PPG, and will fully participate in the preparation of the full-size project documentation.
In this way, the involvement of co-funding partners will be fully ensured. The PPG activities will
consolidate and supplement the existing information supplied in the PIF on the state of desert
landscapes in Kazakhstan, with focus on protected area management and community involvement in
wider landscape. The PPG will address comments of the GEF Secretariat, STAP, and Council. The PPG
activities will take into account the lessons learnt from previous UNDP-GEF projects in Kazakhstan and
projects of other agencies and donors relevant to the subject matter of the project. The development of
the project will follow the principles of CACLIM partnership and priorities set in this framework
document for Kazakhstan. The project’s technical feasibility and economic viability will be assessed as
will the risks associated with its implementation.
Objective:
The sustainable cities should have a comprehensive natural disaster and emergency response that is
both efficient and non-disruptive to the GHG emission reduction policies. The primary objective of this
activity is to assess the current practices in natural disaster and emergency response and lay down a
foundation for low carbon emission yet effective contingency plans.
The successful completion of such a challenging task will contribute to the comprehensive Road Map on
the low carbon natural disaster and emergency response and consequently lead to better and more
sustainable urban management.
Scope of work:
The end result of this assignment will be a specific framework for natural disaster emergency response.
The framework will account for other policies on sustainable urban development and will complement
them with measures that, while being efficient, go along the sustainability line of urban management.
The recommendations and the constructive feedback from national partners will serve as the basis for
the comprehensive Road Map on natural disaster emergency response and will be referenced to in
further amendments to the national legislation.
The contributions of this assignment will mainly be to components 1 and 2.
Component 1. Urban GHG Inventories, Abatement Potential, and Emission Reduction Targets
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Review the situation analysis and a strategy for a city-wide GHG emissions drafted by
experts for the current project document;
Assess GHG emissions from the typical natural disaster and emergency response;
Design the pre-emptive measures to minimize the GHG emissions during the natural disaster and
emergency response.
Component 2: Institutional framework for urban NAMAs
 Analyze information on existing policies, legal and regulatory and institutional framework for
natural disaster and emergencies in Kazakhstan;
 Define deficiencies in the political, legal and institutional framework;
 Provide expertise on the international best practices and lessons learnt in the design and
implementation of natural disaster and emergency response policies;
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Provide expertise regarding adequate policy frameworks, legislation and standards
Assist in preparation of project’s logical framework with a set of measurable impact and
progress indicators;
Oversee and guide stakeholder analysis among national and provincial government agencies,
NGOs, civil society and academic institutions;
Identify stakeholders’ interests and current and potential roles in effective natural disaster and
emergency response;
Assess and tailor stakeholder capacities for implementing efficient natural disaster and
emergency response;
Propose capacity building and awareness raising measures;
Facilitate stakeholder consultations to ensure local and national ownership of the proposed
project;
Expected results and payments:
No.
1
Results
Detailed work and mission plan with timeline
and clear deliverables, initial list of key
stakeholder consultations (if necessary)
Draft report ready and submitted for leading
international consultant’s review
Based on the feedback from reviewers, draft
the final and complete report (in English) – to
be finalized
2
3
Timing
June 2014
Amount
30%
July 2014
40%
August 2014
30%
Note:
This is a lump sum contract that should include costs of consultancy and travel costs required to
produce the above deliverables.
Payment will be released in three installments upon satisfactorily submission of results.
Responsibility:
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Reports to Programme Analyst in the EE portfolio
Ensures timely and quality execution of the Terms of Reference
Ensures unconditional carrying out of requirements of the Contract
Knowledge and skills:
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Higher education in the sphere of emergency response, engineering, natural resources
management or business administration.
Professional qualifications with at least five (5) years of professional experience, preferablly
related to emergency response.
At least 3 years of work experience as a manager, work experience in multi-sector project
management;
Good awareness on objectives and procedures of international organizations, in particular, on
GEF and its partners (UNDP, UNEP, World Bank, large NGO, current and potential donors) is
preferable;
Good capacities for strategic thinking, planning and management;
Experience in establishment of cooperation with stakeholders, institutions and organizations.
Excellent writing and editing and oral communication skills in English;
Good computer skills;
COA (MUST BE INDICATED IN NUMBERS)
Project
ID
Activity
Account
Amount
Fund
Dept ID
Impl
Agency
Donor
71300
Total:
Agreed by:
Supervisor:
Programme Analyst ___________________________________________________________
Signature
date
Stanislav Kim,________________________________________________________________________
Head of EE Unit
signature
date