Stramenpila
Classification
1. Oomycota
-Higher order taxa- Eukaryota; Stramenopiles
Species- Saprolegnia; Phytophthora infestans; Plasmopara viticola
2. Bacillariophyta
-Higher order taxa- Eukaryota; Stramenopiles; Bacillariophyta (including
Bacillariophytceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Frafilariophyceae)
Species- Thalassiosira rotula; Skeletonema costatum; Thalassiorsira psuedonana
3. Chysophyta
-Higher order taxa- Eukaryota; stramenopiles
Species- Diatoms (Bacillariophyta);Golden Algae (Chysophyceae); Yellow-green algae
(Xanthophyceae)
4. Phaeophyta
-Higher order taxa- Eukaryota; stramenopiles
Species- Pilayella littoralis; Miacrocytis pyrifera; Laminaria digitata
Reproduction
1. Oomycota
-They reproduce by having a structure called sporangium. Inside Zoospores are formed.
-Another way they reproduce is injection of the males nuclei like sperm.
2. Bacillariophyta
-Able to produce on their sugars, lipids, and amino acids.
-Reproduction requires the cell to increase in size. Then the valve creates a smaller one.
Once it is large enough the two cells split.
3. Chysophyta
- They can reproduce sexually but usually reproduce by cell division.
4. Phaeophyta
-Reproduces sexually and asexually
-Sexual is by the female to release chemicals that attract a male, then the male sperm
enters the female and fertilizes them.
-Asexual is by releasing spores. They attach themselves to plants etc. Males release
sperm, females release eggs.
Nutrition
1. Oomycota
-They're filamentous protists which absorb their food from surrounding water and soil, or
invade the body of another organism to feed.
2. Bacillariophyta
-Autotrophic (which means that they're capable of making organic molecules from
inorganic molecules from inorganic sources via photosynthesis) and they eat brown
chloroplasts.
3. Chysophyta
Store energy both as a carbohydrate called leucosin and as large oil droplets; releases
chemical compounds that combine with positively-charges elements in water to create
toxins. Theyrely on these toxins to slow down the bacteria and other algae that they eat.
4. Phaeophyta
-Marine algae and kelp-sunlight converts water and carbon dioxide into simple sugars
and amino acids for energy. They obtain nutrients from the water that surrounds their
habitats and the sea animals that are among them.
Habitat1. Oomycota
-This type of Stramenpilla is also known as the "water mold" and flourishes most in
freshwater habitats. They can grow inside small animals and on dead algae/dead
organism.
2. Bacillariophyta
-Diatoms can be found in both freshwater and in marine waters all over the world. They
can also be found in streams, rocks, plants, and mud in fresh bodies of water. In marine
environments, they can be found in the digestive tracts of some animals and can even be
found in shells, and on ice floes. They are most prosperous during the spring and fall
months.
3. Chysophyta
-They can appear in both freshwater and marine habitats. However, they are most
abundant in marine environments and can also form on rocks.
4. Phaeophyta
-The Phaeophyta can be found all over the world. They prefer colder climates because it
can hold higher concentrates of carbon dioxide, which they can use in photosynthesis.
They can be found on the coastal waters of almost every country in the world.
Structure/Traits
1. Oomycota
-Largest group of protists
-Has two flagellas
-Similar to fungi except the cell walls are made of cellulose not chitin
-Has two sets of chromosomes from mother and fater-diploid
-Fungus like
2. Bacillariophyta
-Single celled
-Photosynthethic
-Solid shells made of silica
-Unicellular
-Has 24 diploid chromosomes
-Has overlapping halves
-Has skeleton (frustule) of silica
-Divided into two parts epitheca and hypotheca
3. Chysophyta
-Also know as golden algae
-More than 1000 species
-Can have one or tow flagella
-Under stress can produce toxins to kill fish
4. Phaeophyta
-Brown Algae
-Can reach over 30 meters in length
-Has lamina or blades
-Has holdfest branching from stalk so it can cling to rocks and not get washed away
-Some use flotation bladders (bladders filled with gases to keep blades near surface)