Water
- Water occurs in 3 basic forms:
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
- The distribution of Earth’s water can be studied using a world map. The Earth is made
up of:
- Salt water – oceans and seas = _______%
- Land = _______%
- Frozen land or ice = ________%
-Fresh Water -lakes, ponds, swamps, streams, and rivers =_________________%
- Therefore most of the water on the Earth is ___________ water and ______ is the
second most abundant form of water.
- Melting and expansion of the _______ ____________ and _____________ causes
water levels in the ocean to rise and fall.
- _______________ are underground layers of rock and soil that holds water.
If we were to look at only the water on Earth, and take out the land, of that water:
_____________% = Salt water
_____________% = Ground water
_____________% = Fresh water
_____________% = Ice
Water Cycle
Evaporation - ____________________________________________________________
Condensation - ___________________________________________________________
Precipitation - ____________________________________________________________
Transpiration - ___________________________________________________________
Extensive _______________ in the warm tropical and subtropical seas add much of the
atmospheric moisture to the water cycle. _______________ heats quicker than land, and
this uneven heating and the Earth’s rotation causes _____________. _____________
helps evaporation and moves moist-rich air called _______________.
Glacial ice forms in colder regions (polar regions and Mountain areas) as moisture is
carried from the _____________ salt and freshwater sources and precipitated as
______________. Lakes and rivers are also formed by precipitation of ocean-derived
moisture.
_________________, ___________________, and _____________________ are the
dominant processes that form the ________ _________ and determine the distribution of
Earth’s water.
_________ ___________ and cooling result in significant changes in water cycle
processes and surface distribution of Earth’s water supply.
A Mater of Change
Humidity -___________________________________________________________
Relative Humidity - ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Dew Point - __________________________________________________________
Most air contains water in _________ form. It is measured and described as relative
__________ - ratio of the amount of water vapor present in the air relative to the total
quantity that would make it saturated and cause precipitation.
The amount of water that air can hold is largely determined by ______________ and
__________________. Warmer air can hold _________ water vapor. Lower pressures
also allow the amount of water to _______________.
Temperature:
warm = _____________ water
cold = ______________ water
Pressure: (think of a sponge)
Low pressure = ____________ water
High pressure = ____________ water
** The more water in the air = the more humidity. **
Rainy Days = __________ humidity
Sunny Days = __________ humidity
** It will rain when relative humidity reaches 100%.
Moisture is added to atmospheric air mostly by warm ________ that moves across the
ocean and land surfaces.
As the warm humid air cools, relative humidity increases causing cloud formation
(_______________) and rain and snow (_______________). This process can be
directly seen along mountain coastal areas where warm humid ocean breezes are moved
upward as they encounter the mountains. As a result, __________ and then _________or
snow form.
Evaporation also ______________ water supplies by leaving salt, sediments and other
contaminants behind as the lower density water vapor moves into the atmosphere. As a
result, ________ water carry and deposit larger volumes of dissolved and suspended rock
material in the ______________.
The water cycle is an ongoing process that never stops.
_______________ measure the pressure resulting from the air (atmospheric pressure).
_______________ measures the airs temperature.