BIO 150 Study Guide
to accompany Forensic Biology by Richard Li (2008)
Chapter 21: Mitochondrial DNA Profiling
1.
MtDNA is _____________________ inherited.
a. Paternally
b. Maternally
c. Not
d. Filiternally
2.
At a crime scene a hair shaft with no root is recovered. Which of the following types of analysis would be most
useful?
a. RFLP
b. rDNA
c. Y-STR
d. MtDNA
3.
A clandestine gravesite is located in a rural area and the remains consist of bones. Which of the following types of
analysis would be most useful in identifying the victim?
a. RFLP
b. rDNA
c. Y-STR
d. MtDNA
4.
These are defined as subcellular organelles which are energy-generating components of cells:
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondria
c. Genomes
d. Loci
5.
Which of the following is presently used as the standard for sequence comparisons with regard to the mitochondrial
genome:
a. Revised Cambridge reference sequence
b. Cambridge reference sequence
c. Harvard reference sequence
d. Revised Harvard reference sequence
6.
The mitochondrial genome consists of how many genes:
a. 30
b. 37
c. 23
d. 22
7.
The bones of a missing female victim have been recovered. Who should the police collect a DNA standard from to
attempt to identify the remains using mtDNA?
a. The victim’s father
b. The victim’s brother
c. The victim’s husband
d. The victim’s step-mother
8.
The most polymorphic region of mtDNA is located here:
a. H-Strand
b.
c.
d.
9.
L-Strand
A-Loop
D-Loop
Which of the following is one of the two most commonly analyzed polymorphic regions of the human mtDNA
genome?
a. Hypervariable region II
b. Hypervariable region III
c. H-Strand
d. D-Loop
10. This is defined as the presence of two nucleotides at a single site as overlapping peaks in a sequence
electropherogram:
a. Length heteroplasmy
b. Sequence heteroplasmy
c. Hypervariable region
d. None of the above
11. This must be utilized during mtDNA sequencing analysis:
a. Negative control
b. Sequence both strands
c. Positive control
d. All of the above
12. This is the most widely used assay for screening mtDNA variation:
a. Allele-specific oligonucleotide
b. Precipitation-based assays
c. Immunodiffusion
d. Immunochromotographic
13. In a mtDNA ASO assay, the colorimetric detection is carried out by use of which of the following?
a. TMB
b. PCR
c. Luminol
d. Phenolphthalein
14. In PCR amplification of mtDNA, there are usually how many cycles?
a. 20-35
b. 34-38
c. 50-100
d. None of the above
15. Which of the following is an example of a DNA sequencing technique?
a. Dideoxy-mediated chain termination
b. ASO assay
c. Chemical degradation
d. Both a and c
16. This DNA sequencing technique is also known as the Sanger Method:
a. Dideoxy-mediated chain termination
b. ASO assay
c. Chemical degradation
d. Hetroplasmy
17. In DNA sequencing, the product of the chain termination method can be labeled in two ways: Dye-terminator system
and:
a. Dye-primer system
b. Electrophoresis
c.
d.
Cycle sequencing
None of the above
18. Which of the following systems for labeling the sequencing product of chain termination is most commonly utilized in
forensic laboratories?
a. Dye-terminator system
b. Electrophoresis
c. Cycle sequencing
d. All of the above
19. In mtDNA, sequencing of the mtDNA region should be performed _______________.
a. Once
b. Twice
c. Never
d. Three times over two days
20. In a reporting format you see “228N.” What does this mean?
a. There is an unresolved sequence ambiguity observed at site 228
b. The Mitotype carries an N
c. The Mitotype carries an A
d. None of the above