Chapter 6—Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks
Name_________________ Date___ p. 121
1. _____________________ are the most common rocks in Earth’s crust.
2. _______________________ are the most common rocks on the Earth’s surface .
3. Formation of sedimentary rocks begin with ________________ and
_____________. p. 122
4. Weathering produces sediments, known as ______________ sediments.
These are fragments of rocks and minerals.
5. Clastic sediments are classified by ____________.
6. The removal and movement of surface materials from one location to another is called _________________. p. 123
7. The 4 main agents of erosion are: ______________, ________________,
______________________, and ____________________-.
8. When sediments are laid down on the ground or sink to the bottom of bodies of water, _______________________ occurs. p. 124
9. Sediment forms layers with the {large, small) grains at the bottom and the (large, small) grains on top.
10. Wind can move only (large, small) grains. This is why sand dunes are made of similar particles.
11. Not all sediments are sorted. ________________ move all materials with equal ease.
12. ____________________ create similar deposits when sediment moves downhill in a jumbled mass.
13. As more and more sediment is deposited in an area, the bottom layers are subjected to increasing __________________ and ___________________.

14. The physical and chemical processes that change sediments into sedimentary rock is called ______________________. p. 125
15. Lithification begins with _______________________.
16. _______________________, _____________, and
__________________ are commonly found in spaces in sedimentary rocks.
17. Sediments buried 3-4 km deep experience temperature high enough to start the chemical and mineral changes that cause _____________________.
_________________________ cements sediment grains into solid rock.
18. There are two types of cementation. (See Fig. 6-5) a) b)
19. Which of the two types of cementation is found in rice crispy treats?
A or B from #18? p. 126
20. Features of sedimentary rocks a) horizontal layering called ____________________- b) bedding in which particle sizes get heavier and coarser near the bottom is called _______________________________ c) inclined layers of sediment moving across a horizontal surface is called_________________________ examples are sandy beaches and sand bars p. 127 d) the best know feature of sedimentary rocks is the presence of p. 128
______________
Types of sedimentary Rock
21. Sedimentary rocks are classified based on__________________.
22. 3 main types of sedimentary rocks are __________________,
_________________, and _______________________.

23. Formed from abundant deposits of loose sediments--________________ p. 130
24. Formed from evaporation which leaves behind layers of minerals--
______________ p. 131
25.Organic sedimentary rocks are formed from the
___________________________________________________________.
26. The most abundant organic sedimentary rock is ___________________.
27. Another type of organic sedimentary rock is ___________ which forms from plant materials. p. 132
28. Two reasons sedimentary rocks are important: a) provide information about ______________________________ b) many natural resources are found there, like:
Metamorphic Rocks Section 6.3 p. 133
____29. The pressure required for metamorphism can be generated by
A.
pressure from weight of overlying rock
B.
heat from magma bodies
C.
cementation and lithification p. 135
____30. The type of metamorphism that occurs when very hot water reacts with and alters (changes) the mineralogy (mineral makeup) of the rock is
A. contact B. regional C. hydrothermal D. local p. 136
____31. Metamorphic rocks in which the long axes of their minerals are perpendicular to the pressure that altered them (have layers are described as
A. foliated B. non-foliated
____32. Metamorphic rocks that lack mineral grains with long axes oriented in one direction (no layers) are described as A. foliated B. non-foliated
____33. Porphyroblasts differ other minerals surrounding them in terms of
A. size B. color C. shape

Rock cycle questions (look at the diagram on page 139 to answer these questions
34. How are igneous rocks formed?
35. What happens to igneous rocks that undergo weathering and erosion?
36. How do sediments become sedimentary rock?
37. What forces cause sedimentary rocks to be transformed into metamorphic rocks?
38. How can metamorphic rock be transformed into igneous rock?
39. How can sandstone be transformed into sediment without becoming metamorphic or igneous rock first?