Matching: 18 A major driving force of evolution in which new niches are opened up by removing interspecific competition. A mechanism by which rapid speciation can occur, other than by major environmental change or major genetic change. A post-zygotic reproductive isolating mechanism exhibited by the mule. A pre-zygotic reproductive isolating mechanism caused by differences in timing of reproduction. A pre-zygotic reproductive isolating mechanism caused by differences in sex organs, that "don't fit." A set of naturally interbreeding populations that are genetically reproductively isolated from other sets of populations. A type of heterochrony resulting in a decrease in rate of development, explanation for some human features. Adaptive radiation is promoted by the formation of new environmental niches and by this. Change in the rate or timing of development. Evolution of chromosome number that is multiple of an ancestral set; can result in instant speciation. Gradual, step-by-step evolutionary change. Large scale evolution at & above species level. Rapid evolutionary change during speciation followed by relatively long periods of stasis (no change). Smallest group of organisms that share a most recent common ancestor. Speciation whereby evolutionary change occurs in different geographic ranges. Speciation whereby evolutionary change occurs in the same (overlapping) geographic ranges. Spreading of populations or species into new environments, with adaptive evolutionary divergence. The origin of new species from pre-existing species. 18 absence of interspecific competition adaptive radiation allopatric biological species extinction founder principle gradualism heterohrony macroevolution mechanical isolation neotony phylogenetic species polyploidy punctuated evolution reduced hybrid fertility speciation sympatric temporal isolation