World Cultures Midterm Vocabulary
Culture: Chapters 1 and 2
geography
extended family
language
polytheism
dictatorship
command economy
interdependence
culture
social class
arts/literature
forms of government
economic systems
mixed economy
ethnocentrism
social organizations
social mobility
religion
democracy
traditional economy
technology
nuclear family
customs/traditions
monotheism
republic
market economy
diffusion
nomad
capital
imperialism
cash crops
infrastructure
interdependence
civilization
money economy
westernization
new trade pattern
tariff
agricultural revolution
artisan
entrepreneur
nationalism
mechanization
privatization
archaeologists
urbanization
Cold War
modernization
debt crisis
Middle East: Chapters 25, 26, 27, and 28
Sumer
ziggurat
Jewish Diaspora
prophet
Mesopotamia
cuneiform
messiah
city-state
Hammurabi’s Code of Law
Pope
Torah
Apostles’ Creed
Islam
mosque
Jerusalem
caliph
Ramadan
Kaaba
Allah
Sharia
Sunni
Muhammad
Qur’an (Koran)
Medina
People of the Book
Shiite (Shi’a)
Muslim
Mecca
hejira
jihad
Halal
Five Pillars of Islam
Crusades
Constantinople
suq
secular
Arab Nationalism
Urban II
Ottoman Empire
mosque
imperialism
mandate
sultan
millet
patriarchal
westernization
Suleiman
Bedouin
Saladin
sovereignty
Pan-Arabism
Extremists
OPEC
Ayatollah Khomeini
nationalize
monarchies
Islamic Revolution
Gamal Abdel Nasser & socialism
Islamists
privatization
theocracy
Taliban
fundamentalism
socialism
secular
Arab Spring
Camp David Accords
Balfour Declaration
“Road Map” to Peace
Oslo Accords
Anwar Sadat
Menachem Begin
Theodore Herzl
Yitzhak Rabin
War for Israeli Independence
Six Day War
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
refugee
intifada
Zionism
Anti-Semitism
Yasser Arafat
Mahmoud Abbas
Hamas
West Bank
Yom Kippur War
sovereignty
United Nations Partition Plan of 1947
Africa: Chapters 3 and 4
escarpment
tropics
tropical wet
hieroglyphics
subsistence farmer
abolition
African Diaspora
hunting and gathering
urban
cataract
leaching
tropical wet & dry
Pharaoh
polygamy
Triangle Trade
Sahel
farming
Olduvai Gorge
desertification
desert
lineage
age-grade
Middle Passage
Sub-Saharan Africa
fishing
Great Rift Valley
drought
Mediterranean
consensus
bride wealth
Animism
savanna
herding
Listing Questions: You must Answer ALL listing questions
 Identify the seven elements of culture.
 Identify causes of cultural change.
 Identify the four goals of modernization.
 Identify problems/obstacles of developing nations.
 What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
 Identify three traditional patterns of that that have dominated the Middle East.
 Identify two basic beliefs shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
 Identify three strengths of the Ottoman Empire.
 Identify three ways European powers weakened the Ottoman Empire.
 Identify remaining issues of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
 Identify effects of the African slave trade.
Essay Question: Choose ONE
A. In the Arab-Israeli conflict, each side has its own point of view. (a) Describe the causes of the conflict from the point of view of
both an Israeli and a Palestinian. (b) Explain what the remaining stumbling blocks are to peace from the point of view of an Israeli
and a Palestinian.
B. Since the 600’s, Islam has been a major force in shaping the patterns of life in the Middle East. However, as everywhere in the
world, geography has played a role in shaping people’s patterns of life. Write an essay describing ALL of the patterns of life in
the Middle East. Be sure to discuss the impact of geography and cultural change within your essay.
C. Discuss the development and teachings of Islam. Discuss who was involved, why and how it happened, when and where it
happened, Arab culture at the time, and the main teachings.
D. Since independence, the nations of Africa have faced numerous challenges. Describe the challenges and discuss how African
nations have tried to meet each of the challenges mentioned.
E. Describe the African slave trade. Be sure to discuss how slavery of Africans differed from earlier forms of slavery, the economic
basis, trade routes, numbers, destinations, and the effects of the trade.
F. Using full sentences and examples from class support the following generalization:
Generalization: The Middle East is considered to be the “crossroads” of the world because of its strategic location and cultural
diffusion.