Project TE120, Existing Example No. C-2 Level/Categories CL 2a2, 2b1, 2f, 3a, 3b, 3c AL 2a2, 2b1, 2f, 3a, 3b, 3c Documents This is an artificial example, created by removing material from GB 1561237 A Brief Description of the Artificial Example The example relates to treatment of materials, particularly wet combustible materials, in a fluidised bed reactor. Hot particles are separated from the exhaust gases of the fluidised bed. At least some of the particles are mixed with the incoming material stream, which is thus heated and at least partially dried before introduction into the fluidised bed, where the material is combusted. The example of the treatment is incineration of sewage sludge. The disclosure mainly describes processes, but also includes the related apparatus. Representative Prior Art The description of the invention describes incineration of sludge in a fluidised bed using mechanical dewatering, chemical additives, contact with hot flue gases or contact with hot bed material for drying the sludge. Invention Information I1 A general process for treatment of material, particularly wet combustible material, in a fluidised bed reactor, in which process hot particles are separated from the exhaust gases of the fluidised bed and at least some of the particles are mixed with the incoming material stream, which is thus heated and at least partially dried before introduction into the fluidised bed, where the material is combusted (see claim 1). I2 Apparatus for performing the process of I1. I3 The application of the process according to I1 to incineration of sewage sludge, in which the sludge is dried before combustion (see the preferred embodiment and claim 3). I4 Apparatus for performing the process of I3. Additional Information None Identification of Potential Subclasses Subject Matter Tool Query IPC Places I1, I2 Catchword Index Fluidised bed processes in general B01J 8/24 I1, I2 TACSY Treatment of material in a fluidised bed reactor B01J I3, I4 Catchword Index Fluidised bed combustion apparatus F23C 10/00 I3, I4 Catchword Index Incineration of refuse F23G I3, I4 TACSY Incineration of sludge in a fluidised bed F23G 5/30 I3, I4 TACSY Incineration of sludge in a fluidized bed C02F 11/00 Analysis and Selection of Classification Symbols Core Level I1 and I2 The title of subclass B01J is "Chemical or physical processes, e.g. catalysis, colloid chemistry; their relevant apparatus". This clearly covers I1 and I2. The reference after the subclass title is not relevant, since I1 and I2 do not relate to any specific application. B01J 8/00 and B01J 19/00 are the only relevant main groups of B01J. Of these, B01J 8/00 "Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes" is the most relevant, since it is more specific. B01J 8/08 and B01J 8/18 are the only relevant one-dot groups, but the reference in B01J 8/08 clearly points the invention to B01J 8/18. B01J 8/24 "According to "fluidised-bed" technique" is the only possible two-dot group. I3 and I4 Three different subclasses are proposed for I3 and I4: C02F, F23C and F23G. C02F covers "Treatment of water, waste water, sewage or sludge". This could be seen as covering incineration, and the group C02F 11/06 covers "treatment of sludge by oxidation", but the purpose of the process is not to treat the sludge as such, but to enable extraction of the heat value of it. Therefore classification in C02F is not correct. F23C covers "Methods or apparatus for combustion using fluent fuel" and F23G covers "Cremation furnaces; Consuming waste by combustion". Both these subclass titles cover I3 and I4. However, the definitions of the definitions of the two subclasses (see especially the section "Relationship between large subject matter areas" in F23C and the section "Definition statement" in F23G) clearly indicates that classification should be made in F23G and not in F23C, since the invention information relates to a special adaptation for a low-grade fuel that presents special particular combustion problems by having a high water content. F23G 5/00 and F23G 7/00 are the only relevant main groups in F23G. F23G 5/00 covers "Incineration of waste (of specific waste F23G 7/00); Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefore" and is mainly subdivided according to functional features of the apparatus used. F23G 7/00 covers "Incinerators or other apparatus specially adapted for consuming specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals" and is mainly subdivided according to application. Since the invention relates to both function and application aspects classification should be made in both main groups. F23G 5/00 contains two relevant one-dot groups, F23G 5/02 "with pretreatment" and F23G 5/30 "having a fluidized bed". Both are highly relevant, but F23G 5/30 should be the primary choice, since it better reflects the invention as a whole. However, since the pretreatment of the wet sludge is the actual inventive feature, classification should also be made in F23G 5/02, which represents a novel and non-obvious process step. The subgroup F23G 5/027 is not relevant, since the relevant parts of the description do not mention pyrolysis, but only drying. F23G 7/00 does not contain any subgroup for sewage sludge, so the application aspect can only be classified in the main group itself. Since I1 and I2 identify the disclosure in its broadest and most general form their classification is the one that should be listed first. Advanced Level I1 and I2 The title of subclass B01J is "Chemical or physical processes, e.g. catalysis, colloid chemistry; their relevant apparatus". This clearly covers I1 and I2. The reference after the subclass title is not relevant, since I1 and I2 do not relate to any specific application. B01J 8/00 and B01J 19/00 are the only relevant main groups of B01J. Of these, B01J 8/00 "Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes" is the most relevant, since it is more specific. B01J 8/08 and B01J 8/18 are the only relevant one-dot groups, but the reference in B01J 8/08 clearly points the invention to B01J 8/18. B01J 8/24 "According to "fluidised-bed" technique" is the only possible two-dot group, and since none of its subgroups covers the invention it is the correct place. I3 and I4 Three different subclasses are proposed for I3 and I4: C02F, F23C and F23G. C02F covers "Treatment of water, waste water, sewage or sludge". This could be seen as covering incineration, and the group C02F 11/06 covers "treatment of sludge by oxidation", but the purpose of the process is not to treat the sludge as such, but to enable extraction of the heat value of it. Therefore classification in C02F is not correct. F23C covers "Methods or apparatus for combustion using fluent fuel" and F23G covers "Cremation furnaces; Consuming waste by combustion". Both these subclass titles cover I3 and I4. However, the definitions of the definitions of the two subclasses (see especially the section "Relationship between large subject matter areas" in F23C and the section "Definition statement" in F23G) clearly indicates that classification should be made in F23G and not in F23C, since the invention information relates to a special adaptation for a low-grade fuel that presents special particular combustion problems by having a high water content. F23G 5/00 and F23G 7/00 are the only relevant main groups in F23G. 5/00 covers "Incineration of waste (of specific waste F23G 7/00); Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefore" and is mainly subdivided according to functional features of the apparatus used. F23G 7/00 covers "Incinerators or other apparatus specially adapted for consuming specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals" and is mainly subdivided according to application. Since the invention relates to both function and application aspects classification should be made in both main groups. F23G 5/00 contains two relevant one-dot groups, F23G 5/02 "with pretreatment" and F23G 5/30 "having a fluidized bed". Both are highly relevant, but F23G 5/30 should be the primary choice, since it better reflects the invention as a whole. However, since the pretreatment of the wet sludge is the actual inventive feature, classification should also be made in F23G 5/02, which represents a novel and non-obvious process step. The subgroup F23G 5/027 is not relevant, since the relevant parts of the description do not mention pyrolysis, but only drying. Drying is covered by F23G 5/04, which does not have any relevant subgroup. F23G 7/00 does not contain any subgroup for sewage sludge, so the application aspect can only be classified in the main group itself. Since I1 and I2 identify the disclosure in its broadest and most general form their classification is the one that should be listed first. Subject Matter Analysis of Subclass Selection Subclass Analysis of Group Selection IPC CL IPC (2006) IPC AL I1, I2 Only relevant subclass B01J Common rule, most specific main group, only correct subgroup. B01J 8/24 B01J 8/24 I3, I4 F23C and F23G subclass definitions F23G F23G 5/30 F23G 5/30 I3, I4 F23C and F23G subclass definitions F23G F23G 5/02 F23G 5/04 I3, I4 F23C and F23G subclass definitions F23G F23G 7/00 F23G 7/00 Common rule, functional aspect, invention as a whole, only relevant group. Common rule, inventive process step, only relevant group. Common rule, application aspect, no relevant subgroup Complete Classification The complete core and advanced level classification for this document based on the above analysis is as follows: Core Level Int. Cl. (2006) B01J 8/24 F23G 5/02 F23G 5/30 F23G 7/00 Advanced Level B01J 8/24 (2006.01) F23G 5/04 (2006.01) F23G 5/30 (2006.01) F23G 7/00 (2006.01)