ESM Table 2. List of fossil leaves sampled and literature sources
FOSSIL TAXA
Acaulangium bulbaceum*1
Annularia hoskinsii*2
Callipteridium sullivanti**3
Cordaites crassus**4
Cordaites principalis**4
Glossopteris schopfii**5
Heterangium sp.**6
Nilssoniopteris oishii**7
Pecopteris subcrenulata*8
Sphenophyllum multirame*9
Sphenophyllum plurifoliatum*10
d [mm]  [mm]
0.398 0.0710
0.626 0.0808
0.362
0.340
0.430
0.378
0.374
0.258
0.673
0.343
0.761
0.261
0.281
0.153
0.282
0.102
0.420 0.0881
0.393 0.0706
d/
5.61
7.74
1.07
1.14
1.45
1.96
2.91
1.83
2.76
4.77
5.57
*non-seed vascular plant
**non-flowering seed plant
(All taxa from extinct lineages except for the Equisetum-relative Annularia
and the Marattialean tree ferns Acaulangium and Pecopteris.)
References:
1
Millay, M. A. 1997 A review of permineralized Euramerican Carboniferous tree ferns. Review
of Palaeobotany and Palynology 95, 191-209.
2
Good, C. W. 1976 The anatomy and three-dimensional morphology of Annularia hoskinsii
sp.nov. American Journal of Botany 63, 719-725.
3
Leisman, G. A. 1960 The morphology and anatomy of Callipteridium Sullivanti. American
Journal of Botany 47, 281-287.
4
Harms, V. L. & Leisman, G. A. 1961 The anatomy and morphology of certain Cordaites leaves.
Journal of Paleontology 35, 1041-1064.
5
Pigg, K. B. & Nishida, H. 2006 The significance of silicified plant remains to the understanding of
Glossopteris-bearing plants: an historical overview. Journal of the Torrey Botanical
Society 133, 46-61.
6
Shadle, G. L. & Stidd, B. M. 1975 The frond of Heterangium. American Journal of Botany 62, 6775.
7
Yamada, T., Legrand, J. & Nishida, H. 2009 Structurally preserved Nilssoniopteris from the
Arida Formation (Barremian, Lower Cretaceous) of southwest Japan. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology 156, 410-417.
8
Lesnikowska, A. & Galtier, J. 1992 Permineralized Marattiales from the Stephanian and
Autunian of central France: a reinvestigation of Grandeuryella renaultii (Stur) Weiss
emend. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 72, 299-315.
9
Good, C. W. 1973 Studies of Sphenophyllum shoots: species delimitation within the taxon
Sphenophyllum. American Journal of Botany 60, 929-939.
10
Baxter, R. W. 1948 A study of the vegetative anatomy of the genus Sphenophyllum from
American coal balls. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Gardens 35, 209-231.