First Plenary Session: Africa’s Importance for Biodiversity – Opportunities and Constraints The opening plenary of the CI Global Symposium will take a comprehensive look at Africa’s unmatched biodiversity and the challenges to protecting it. Africa and the surrounding ocean encompass eight of CI’s 34 biodiversity hotspots, which are regions with a rich variety of life that face great threat. Conserving African biodiversity means protecting hundreds of species of life found nowhere else on the planet, and also preserving benefits provided by nature such as clean air and water, food, natural resources and other ecosystem services relied on by humans. Biodiversity conservation is the foundation for sustainable development that is crucial to reducing poverty and improving health across the continent. Having to replicate ecosystem services that nature provides for free is inefficient and costly, and only will repeat the cycle of failed policies of the past that plunged developing nations into debt. Key issues of the plenary session include the value and efforts to protect African biodiversity, including marine biodiversity; the importance of freshwater biodiversity to the health of ecosystems and people; best practices for creating protected areas; and transboundary conservation efforts to protect entire ecosystems regardless of political borders. Topics and Speakers: The importance of Africa for biodiversity Russ Mittermeier, Conservation International What does the long-term future of Africa’s biodiversity look like, and how will we know? Gustavo Fonseca, Conservation International Africa’s Marine Biodiversity Riches Jean Maharavo, National Center for Environmental Research, Madagascar Sylvia Earle, Conservation International Africa’s Freshwater Biodiversity Andre Kandem-Toham, World Wide Fund for Nature Olivier Langrand, Conservation International How Protected Areas Work Best – The African Experience Ali Kaka, East African Wildlife Society (TBC)