14-1 Human Heredity
Name ________________________________
1. What two organisms are called “model” organisms for genetics? ____________________________
2. What is a karyotype? _______________________________________________________________
3. How many chromosomes are in a normal human? _________
4. For sex chromosomes, females have __________ and males have __________
5. The other 44 chromosomes that are not related to sex are called _____________________________
6. Human geneticists must establish that a trait is actually inherited and not the result of
___________________________
________________________________
7. A _____________________________________chart shows how a trait is inherited in a family.
8. See Fig 14-3.
a. How many children did the original parents in the family have? __________
b. How many grandchildren have the white forelock trait? _______________
c. A circle represents a ______________________________
9. What does “polygenic” mean? ________________________________________________
10. What environmental factor has improved the height of Americans? __________________________
11. Our complete set of genetic information is called The _________________ ___________________
12. Compared to peas and fruit flies, humans produce [ many / few ] offspring.
13. What was one of the first human genes to be identified? __________________________________
14. What happens if a person is given the wrong type of blood? ________________________________
15. What does Rh stand for? _________________________________________
16. A person who is Rh negative has [ two Rh- alleles | only one Rh- allele ]
17. How many alleles are there for blood type? _____________________
18. The alleles for blood type produce different _____________________ on the surface of red blood
cells.
19. People with PKU lack the _____________________ needed to break down phenylalanine. Can a
child born with PKU survive? ________
20. What group of people are most likely to carry Tay Sachs disease? _________________
Is there a cure for Tay Sachs? ______________
21. See Figure 14-6. Match the symptom to the disorder.
______mental deterioration and uncontrollable movement
a. albinism
______ mucus builds up in the lungs
b. Huntington’s disease
______ lack of pigment in skin and eyes
c. cystic fibrosis
22. Name two disorders caused by dominant alleles:
_____________________________________________________________________________
23. What group of people is affected by Sickle cell disease? __________________________________
From Gene to Molecule
24. In both cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease, a small change in the DNA of a single __________
affects the structure of a __________________________, causing a serious genetic disorder.
25. What group of people are affected by Cystic Fibrosis? _________________________________
26. In patients with cyctic fibrosis, ____________________________ ions build up which causes
tissues to malfunction.
27. Sickle shaped cells tend to get stuck in ___________________________________________
This can damage tissues and _________________________________
28. What protein in red blood cells carries oxygen? ____________________________________
29. People who are heterozygous for sickle cells are resistant to what disease? ___________________
30. The sickle cell alleles are thought to be _____________________________ because both alleles
contribute to the phenotype.
How many different phenotypes are associated with the sickle cell allele? _______________
Human Genetics
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blood
transfusion
genetics
chromosome
hemophilia
karyotype
dwarfism
sicklecell
taysachs
Fertilization
autosome
fruitfly
clone
cysticfibrosis
Heterozygous
recessive
dominant
pedigree
albino
inheritance
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