COMMON DISEASES
CLASS VIII
No
SYMPTOMS
NAME OF DISEASE
.1.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
1. Fever & cough
3. Sputum containing blood
4. Pain in chest & excessive fatigue
5. Loss in weight & loss of appetite
1. B.C.G (Bacillus-Calmette-Guarin) vaccine
is effective in controlling.
2. Isolate T.B. patient to a separate place.
3. Consult a doctor for medication
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Acute diarrhoea & rice-watery stools
Muscular Cramps & sunken eyes
Loss of minerals in urine
Low blood pressure
Dehydration leading to death
1. Use boiled water and well cooked food.
2. Proper coverage of eatables.
3. Use cholera vaccine during epidemics.
4. Follow oral rehydration therapy.
Salmonella typhi
1.
2.
3.
4.
High Fever
Headache
Rash on skin
Diarrhoea or constipation
DIARRHOEA AND
GASTRO-ENTERITIS
1.
2.
3.
Food poisoning.
Mild to severe diarrhoea
Frequent passage of stools which
may have blood and mucus leading
to dehydration.
1.
2.
3.
Fever & headache
Sore throat & cold with sneezing
Pain all over the body with
restlessness
1.
2.
High fever
Appearance of rashes on chest, face,
scalp, abdomen and limbs
TUBERCULOSIS
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
2.
CHOLERA
Vibrio cholerae
3.
THYPHOID
4.
Escherichia coli/ Shigella
5.
COMMON COLD
Common cold virus
6.
CHICKEN POX
Varicella zoster
7.
POLIOMYELITIS OR
POLIO
Polio virus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Headache
Fever
Stiffness of neck
Convulsions
Legs become paralysed
1.
2.
Severe headache & high fever
Painful contractions of muscles of
chest and throat
Restlessness and Choking
Difficulty in taking liquid food
Fear of water & restlessness
Paralysis & Painful death
1. Proper disposal of human faeces.
2. Prevent contamination of water and food.
3. TAB vaccine provides immunity for 3 years
4. Use ampicillin and chloromycetin.
5. Keep flies under control.
6. Take proper rest.
1. Keep your eatable properly covered.
2. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly
before eating
3. Use oral rehydration therapy and
antibiotics.
4. Consult doctor in severe cases.
1. Avoid moving in crowded places
2. Use handkerchief while coughing or
sneezing.
3. Take tablets on consultation
1. There is no vaccine against chicken pox
2. isolation of infected persons
3. Zoster Immunoglobulins (ZIG) can provide
passive immunity.
4. Boric acid, Calamine is used to reduce
itching.
5. Fallen scab should be collected and burnt.
1. Proper disposal of urine and faeces of the
patient.
2. Overcrowding of children at public places
should be avoided.
3. OPV (oral polio vaccine) should be given.
4. Polio vaccine with DPT is to be given.
5. Physiotherapy and orthopaedic measures
should be used on advice of physician.
8
RABIES OR
HYDROPHOBIA
Rabies virus
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Compulsory immunization of dogs and
pets.
Immediate consultation for treatment
Killing of rabid animals.
The bitten person should be given antirabies vaccines.