Academic Biology Test 6 Study Guide
Cell Division: Cell Cycle
I. Cell Cycle
a. Purpose
b. Interphase & Mitotic phase
c. Cytokinesis
d. Cell Cycle Regulations & Cancer
Cell Division Vocabulary:
Chromosomes
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Cell division
Daughter cells
Chromatin
Sister chromatids
Centromere
Cell cycle
Interphase
Mitotic phase
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Mitotic spindle
Centrioles
Cleavage furrow
Cell plate
Growth factors
Cancer cells
Tumor
Benign tumor
Malignant tumor
Metastasis
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Objectives:
1. Describe the purpose of cell division in unicellular and multicellular
organisms
2. Describe the events that occur in each stage of the cell cycle
3. Recognize cells in stages of the cell cycle
4. Differentiate between cytokinesis in plants and animals
5. Provide examples to show how knowledge of cell cycle regulation is
necessary to develop effective cancer treatments.
Academic Biology Test 6 Study Guide
Cell Division: Meiosis
I. Meiosis
a. Purpose/ Differences between Mitosis
b. Meiosis I
i. Homologous chromosomes, Tetrads, Crossing Over
c. Meiosis II
i. Separation of sister chromatids
d. Karyotypes & Chromosome aberrations
Meiosis Vocabulary:
Somatic cell
Gamete
Homologous
chromosomes
Sex chromosomes
Autosomes
Haploid cell
Diploid cell
Zygote
Meiosis
Crossing over
Genetic
recombination
Independent
assortment
Karyotype
Trisomy 21 (Down
Syndrome)
Nondisjunction
Deletion
Duplication
Inversion
Translocation
Klinefelter
syndrome
Turner syndrome
Objectives
1. Describe the events that occur in each stage of meiosis
2. Discuss how the events in meiosis and fertilization lead to diverse
offspring
3. Discuss the evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual
reproduction
4. In the phases of meiosis, determine which cells are haploid and diploid
5. Compare and contrast
a. sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes
b. somatic cells and gametes
c. autosomes and sex chromosomes
d. Klinefelter’s syndrome and Turner syndrome
e. Meiosis and Mitosis
6. Interpret a karyotype
7. Explain how nondisjunction can lead to chromosomal disorders