1 PSCI 264W Global Feminisms Brooke Ackerly, Fall 2008 Calhoun 303, Wednesday 1:10-3:40 Catalogue description: PSCI264W The study of feminisms from around the world, of feminisms transnationally, and of global politics through feminist lenses. Work on boundaries associated with sex, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, geography, identity, and membership. Focus on the ways in which systems of power – race, gender, sexuality, colonialism, imperialism, genocide, slavery, and health – are interrelated. Fall [3] Ackerly. AXLE INT 264W and 271 are Political Theory courses that count toward the major (currently appearing on page 357 of the undergraduate catalogue). Professor Brooke A. Ackerly Office: Office Hours: Calhoun 316, 322-6231 Monday 9-10 (preference given to 103), Monday 1-2 (preference given to 264). Coffee, Cookies and Conversation: Tuesday 3-4 (actually, bring your own coffee, I offer tea, cocoa, and sometimes soda) Email Email of classmate 1: Email of classmate 2: _________________________________________ _________________________________________ If you have any questions about course logistics that have been answered in a class that you missed or in the syllabus, you should address these to your classmates. Email of Prof. Ackerly: brooke.ackerly@vanderbilt.edu. All assignments and correspondence with me should include your name and email address. (I receive approximately 100 emails per day, PLEASE put “PSCI 264” in the subject line. Delete “re” or “fwd;” I get TONS of those. I use a filter to put all of your messages in a particular folder so that I can attend to them.) 2 Key dates There will be no extensions given without prior written request and consent. If your coursework is not completed on time, you may receive an incomplete. *** Post to the blog: 24 hours before class, 15 times 10 minute group presentation: on your country, September 17 10 minute group presentation: on women’s human rights in your country, October 8 Paper paragraph Paragraph on what about your country is interesting to you, whenever you figure that out 10 minute group presentation: on human security, peace, nation-building in your country, October 29 10 minute group presentation: on women’s activism in your country, December 3 2 of 3 input papers due November 17 Last input paper due November 21 Abstract of rewritten paper December 2 Rewritten final paper December 9, 11:59 pm, under my office door Paper due as an email attachment: December 9, 11:59 pm Extra credit glossary due: December 9, 11:59 pm Introduction Global feminisms is a burgeoning field of scholarship struggling to catch up with a century of feminist and women’s interests and activism. Global feminisms is an important area of inquiry in feminist research in all disciplines where feminism has a presence. Why feminisms? Global feminisms is the study of feminisms from around the world, of feminisms transnationally, and of global politics through feminist lenses. Some feminisms defy geography; some are hyperconscious of geopolitics. The field is dynamic and at its best transdisciplinary. But it is a field with its own history of power. By referring to “feminisms”, we mean to be committed to noting the potential for power to obfuscate or silence difference. Scholars in the field work on boundaries associated with sex, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, geography, identity, and membership. They are attentive to silence and marginalization, to citizenship politics (including migration, refugees, rights, and participation), to political economy (formal and informal), to society and culture, and to the environment (understood as the places where we live, work, play, and pray). Global feminist scholarship is making important contributions to many fields of study and to many ways of living. In this course we will focus on theoretical insights – some coming explicitly from women thinking theoretically themselves, others coming from our theoretical reflections about the empirical insights of feminists. More specifically, we will focus on the ways in which systems of power – race, gender, sexuality, colonialism, imperialism, genocide, slavery, and health – are interrelated. We will do our best to challenge our own epistemologies and to use epistemology that is self-consciously reflective of its own incompleteness. (This is humility as scholarship and, combined with attentiveness to silences and marginalization, the core of a global feminist research ethic.) We will seek out ways of making ourselves know that which 3 we cannot see or hear. We will challenge ourselves to find the empirical evidence for or against the generalizability of certain observations. And we will challenge ourselves to know the stories of people who are otherwise lost in statistics. Assignments Summary of requirements and weighting: Blog (30%), four group presentations (30%) (lowest grade will be dropped), three input paper individually written thought pieces on a your country of focus that you use to work through ideas for your paper (5%), one abstract of your proposed paper (5%), one written and significantly rewritten final paper based on the work of the class presentations up to 20 pages (30%). Extra credit: glossary assignment (up to 5%). You are always responsible for all of the material through the date of the class assignment. Blog: http://globalfeminismspsci264.blogspot.com/ The blog is one opportunity to reflect on the readings, to stay up on the readings, to let me know how you are doing on the readings, to explore the relationship between the ideas of the readings and the insights you are gaining from your country research. When to post. Post 15 times during the semester at least 24 hours before class. If you need to miss class for illness, sports or any personal reason, submit an additional post for each missed class; these may be submitted before or after the class. What to post. Post questions, reading summary, thesis idea, answer, comment, modification on someone else’s post, response to a comment on your post. How will posts be graded? Base points. Question – 1 pt. Reading summary – 2 pts. Thesis idea – 5 pts. Comment on a question or reading summary – 2 pts. Comment on a thesis – 3pts. Response to a comment on your thesis or question – 2-5 pts. Value points Restate – 0 Restate and offer evidence for the argument – 1 pt. Offer evidence and argument for an opposing argument – 1 pt. Link the topic of the course to a topic in the news or your country – 2 pts. Link the topic of the course to a topic in the news or your country and provide links to news coverage with one source – 3 pts. Link the topic of the course to a topic in the news or your country and provide links to news coverage in more than one source or to scholarly argument on the topic – 4 pts. Take the polemical statement of a classmate or external commentator and offer an argument – 5 pts. 4 Class discussion: Blog postings do not substitute for class participation, but rather are another way for you to engage with the course material. Participating in discussion: Come to every class prepared. Listen to your classmates. Some readings will seem “too” theoretical – use these to guide your inquiry into your country. Class presentations:* STEP 1: Form a group. Your group should have 2-3 people in it. STEP 2: Select a country. In theory, your group can choose to focus on any country in the world. However, in the end, I want to end up with a range of countries from various regions of the world. Having groups focus on a diverse range of countries will facilitate our ability to use the variety of information presented in class to explore patterns, differences and commonalities between countries. The only other thing to consider as you select a country is that sufficient information in English must be available for you to complete all aspects of the assignment. Uganda and Bangladesh are Vanderbilt University sites of summer international service learning and service research. If you would like to participate in either of these programs, you should choose one of those countries. STEP 3: Presentation #1, September 17ps, country presentation. Your group will introduce the class to your country with a brief demographic, political and economic overview of your country, its colonial and post-colonial experience, its culture and big themes or issues of the women’s movement in your country. How old is the women's movement in your country? How is women's activism or feminism defined? What is the relationship between the women's movement in your country and the west? (If you cannot find answers to this yet, you will by your last presentation). Each presentation will be no more than 10 minutes. You will be graded down if you can not present the necessary information in the allotted time. STEP 4: Presentation #s 2, 3, 4 on women’s human rights; human security, peace, and nation-building; and women’s activism At the end of each of the substantive sections of the course your group will make a 10 minute presentation to the class. This presentation will use the theoretical and analytical tools of the course readings to guide analysis of the situation in your country and use your knowledge of your country to challenge the theory and analysis of the course readings. In the final presentation on women's activism in your country you have an opportunity to talk about how groups have organized and around what issues they have done so. This is the place for you to highlight issues other than the ones we have discussed in class. In addition, you should think about to what extent and how women's organizations in your country have participated in the international women's/feminist organizing we have discussed. * This assignment and much of its description is inspired by Debra Liebowitz of Drew University. 5 General Guidelines for Presentations You will have 10 minutes (on a stop watch) each time your group presents to the class. This means that your time will be tight and, as a result, your presentation will have to be wellorganized in order to accomplish the assigned task. You may use AV equipment, please give ample time to arrange what you need (days before) and then please make sure you give yourself time to test it BEFORE CLASS. Anything you use in class should also be posted in your country team's folder on Blackboard [click on the “Discussion Board” button in Blackboard and then in the “Country Presentations” folder]. If you plan to use the computer to aide in your presentation be sure and bring a copy of your presentation on disk as well as saving a copy of it onto Blackboard before you come to class. Finally, be sure to check and make sure that the file works. Individual technological problems are not a legitimate excuse for failing to complete the assignment at the designated time. If you want to copy materials to hand out to the class, you need to get them to me by Friday morning before the date of the presentation. All presentation materials must include proper citations. This includes all information presented in handouts or in Powerpoint. To save paper you can post your bibliography, handouts, presentations, to the blog. Grading Presentations I will grade each of your groups' presentations and those grades will be combined to form your final presentation grade. The day after your presentation you need to come to class with a filled out version of the "Presentation Evaluation Participation Form." This form is available in the “Course Information” section of Blackboard. The purpose of this form is for you to evaluate each group member's contribution to that day's presentation. I am using this form because I do not expect each of you to be equally involved in every aspect of each group presentation. In fact, I expect that you will divide the work up such that one or two of you will take primary responsibility for each presentation. However, I do expect each of the members of your group to be at least involved in the planning stages for each of the presentations. If you plan as a group, it is fine to divide up the subsequent work. Given that I expect you to do more work on some presentations and less on others, it is not a problem if you give yourself or someone else in your group a low number on the participation scale for any particular presentation. However, if you were to receive low numbers on all of the presentations and, for instance, the group's overall grade averaged out to a B+, you would not get a B+ on the final grade. Instead, you would receive a grade commensurate with the level of effort you put into the project. 3 input papers of 2-5 pages, posted to the blog An input paper is a brief reflection piece on some of your research. You write this as you finish one bit of research and move onto another. This paper will be written individually but will build on the research that your group has done all semester. Consider the boundaries associated with sex, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, geography, identity, and membership as they may be observed in your country. Pay attention to silence and marginalization, to citizenship politics (including migration, refugees, rights, and participation), to political economy (formal and informal), to society and culture, and to the environment (understood as the places where we live, work, play, and pray). 6 Input papers enable you to build toward your final paper. The purpose of the final paper is for you to analyze women's activism in your country in light of the theoretical questions we read and discuss in class. The paper must present an argument and should not simply be written as a descriptive report about the women's movement in your country. A final paper which is simply descriptive will not receive a good grade! However, the input papers may be primarily descriptive, ending with questions that you intend to pursue and which might be the basis for your final paper. The final paper should answer the following questions: 1) What contribution does women's activism in your country make to our theoretical understandings of feminism? What is important about women's/feminist activism in your country? What can we learn from women's/feminist activism in your country? 2) How is women's activism in your country similar to and different from the other countries you have heard about over the course of the semester? What patterns do you see across the countries and where and why does your country diverge or converge? In writing the paper it is expected that you will use the information from your group presentations. However, you many not simply copy any prose used in one of your presentations--even if you wrote it for the presentation. Feel free to use the research and information, but do not plagiarize from the presentations. All information used in the paper must be properly cited. This is true whether it originated from your research or was a reading assigned to the class. This syllabus models proper form. Consult the Chicago Manual of Style for form and me or the writing studio if you have any question about what needs to be cited. When in doubt, cite! All papers must be submitted as attachments named “your-last-name paper date” (i.e., Smith paper 12-7-06). **See separate handouts on paper writing that are posted on Blackboard. Page lengths are exclusive of bibliography. Late papers are graded 1/3 off for every 24 hours past the deadline. Once you have done your research, you need to offer an argument informed by what you have found. The paper is short enough that your thesis should be clear in the first paragraph. Allow time for three drafts. You do not need to hand in the drafts, but you do need to hand in the input papers. Plan on the second draft being a major rewrite of the first draft, with a new thesis and new evidence, and new ways of putting your argument together. You could never have thought of these without writing that first draft. The most common student comments in handing in their papers are “This is the most important experience of my time at Vanderbilt” and “I wish that I had started working on this sooner.” But what I LOVE to hear most is “this is my best work.” I have designed the course and its assignments with the purpose of enabling you to do your best work and to have to know how you did it so that you can carry that skill forward into your next courses or career experiences. A Final Paper (see above): A final paper will be a significant re-write of the first paper and development of the work in your class presentation, your input papers, or will be a new original argument. Your final paper is expected to be 15-20 pages. 7 Extra credit glossary: You can get extra credit by creating a glossary of important words that includes: word, citation of who used it, short definition, two sentences meaning of the word or phrase in feminisms. You can generate your own terms from your individual journals and I will hand out a list of terms collected from your journals and class discussions. Feedback on papers: Comments are entered using the comment function and track changes. If you cannot view these, please ask me to print the document for you. I spend a lot of time on your papers so that you can improve your writing. In my comments returned to you, text highlighted without comment contain some grammatical, word choice, or usage error. Getting these right are important for enhancing your argument. You may email me after the course to receive your comments on your final paper. Countries in the readings: Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Guatemala, India, Iran, Iraq, United States (Louisiana). Office hours Office hours: Welcome, do not wait in the hall. During office hours, I do not meet with students one on one (unless only one student comes). Because learning political theory is not a matter of memorization but rather of engagement with the material in the processes of reading, discussing, and writing, my office hours will generally take the form of collaborative work. Come to office hours with any questions you have (including any challenges you have writing a thesis) and we will work collaboratively to resolve your issues. Please bring the texts. Feel free to bring breakfast, snacks, or lunch for yourselves and plan to stay as long as is beneficial. Students need not come to office hours with a specific question but may come to learn from one another. However, the more prepared you are, the more you will gain. All must come with the expectation of working on each other’s questions. If you need to discuss a matter unrelated to the course material or cannot come in my scheduled office hours, you should make an appointment. Additional offices hours are offered regularly as needed. Cookies and Conversation: The purpose of office hours is to further encourage discussion, to clear up questions from class, and to fill gaps in your knowledge and experience that make it hard for you to enjoy the class. Since we can all learn from each other’s questions, office hours are run as a small group discussion. If you need one on one attention, you should make an appointment. I encourage you to talk about anything that we cannot talk about during class. I supply cookies, tea (and sometimes soda). We do not need to keep our discussions to the course material. Special sessions: Early in the semester I will plan special topics for office hours based on your expressed needs. These may include how to use academic databases available through Acorn to do research; how to write an abstract. As other essential topics come to mind, please let me know and we can have prepared office hours. Appointments: If you need to talk about something that is not connected to the course material, please make an appointment. 8 Weekly Readings Complete bibliographic information is available for each reading in the bibliography at the end of the syllabus. Readings are in texts for purchase at the bookstore, available through Vanderbilt electronic journals, or available on the course OAK site. The course is cumulative. Many articles raise issues that make them suitable for discussion not only on the day they are assigned, but also on future days. Please do your best to make these connections in your journals, in class, and in class presentations Class 1: What is global feminisms? August 27 Receive wheelchair exercise. If you miss this class, you need to contact your classmates to connect with them in order to complete the assignment. Class 2: Methodology, September 3 Wheelchair exercise. Everyone must blog on this exercise. Enter your own entry by August 28th and add a second posting by Sunday the 30th. (Enloe 2004: chapters 1 & 2, 12) (Hancock 2007; Jordan-Zachery 2007; White 2007) Class 3: Shocking intersections, September 10 (Ross 2005) (Kapsalis 2002) (Madley 2005) (Mamdani 2001: 3-14) By the beginning of class 3 you should have your groups formed and your country agreed upon. Class 4: Methodology revisited, September 17 (Harding and Norberg 2005) (Stern 2006) (MacKinnon 2006: chapter 5) (Sowards and Renegar 2006) Presentations: Country introductions Class 5: Culture, September 24 (Narayan 1997: chapter 1) (Song 2005) (Rao 2003) (Chua, Bhavnani, and Foran 2000) Class 6: Women’s human rights, October 1 (Bunch 1990) (Petchesky 2003: chapter 1) (Nash 2002) 9 (Henderson 2004) (Milner, Poe, and Leblang 1999) Class 7: Women’s human rights, October 8 Presentations: Women’s human rights in your countries Class 8: Human security & peace, October 15 (Bunch 2003) (Enloe 2004: chapter 19) (Muthien and Bunch 2004) (Sjoberg 2006: chapter 8) October 20 Fall Break Class 9: Nation-building, October 22 (D'Costa 2006) (Povey 2001) (McClintock 1995: chapter 10) (Karim 2004) (MacKinnon 2006: chapter 13) Class 10: Human security, peace, nation-building in your country, October 29 Presentations: Human security, peace, nation-building in your country Class 11: Sexuality, November 5 (Rothschild, Long, and Fried 2005) (Petchesky 2006) Class 12: economics and globalization, November 12 (Sen 1999) (Enloe 2004: chapter 3) (Bullard 2005: chapter 4; Wright 2005) (Kevane and Gray 1999) (Youngs 2005) Classs 13: Transnational feminisms, November 19 (Moghadam 2005) (Joachim 2003) (Hawkesworth 2006: chapters 4 and 5) Class 14: Women’s activism, December 3 Presentations: Women’s activism in your country, including networking with transnational feminism. 10 Bibliography Bullard, Robert D., ed. 2005. The Quest for Environmental Justice: Human Rights and the Politics of Pollution. San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books. Bunch, Charlotte. 1990. "Women's Rights as Human Rights: Toward a Re-Vision of Human Rights." Human Rights Quarterly 12, November: 486-498. ---. 2003. "Feminism, Peace, Human Rights and Human Security." Canadian Woman Studies 22, 2: 6-11. Chua, Peter, Kum-Kum Bhavnani, and John Foran. 2000. "Women, Culture, Development: A New Paradigm for Development Studies." Ethnic and Racial Studies 23, 5: 820-841. D'costa, Bina. 2006. "Marginalized Identity: New Frontiers of Research for Ir?" In Feminist Methodologies for International Relations, ed. Brooke Ackerly, Maria Stern and Jacqui True. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 129-152. Enloe, Cynthia H. 2004. The Curious Feminist: Searching for Women in a New Age of Empire. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Hancock, Ange-Marie. 2007. "Intersectionality as a Normative and Empirical Paradigm." Politics & Gender 3, 02: 248-254. Harding, Sandra, and Kathryn Norberg. 2005. "New Feminist Approached to Social Science Methodologies: An Introduction." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 30, 4: 2009-2015. Hawkesworth, Mary E. 2006. Globalization and Feminist Activism. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. Henderson, Conway W. 2004. "The Political Repression of Women." Human Rights Quarterly 26, 4: 1028-1049. Joachim, Jutta. 2003. "Framing Issues and Seizing Opportunities: The Un, Ngos, and Women's Rights." International Studies Quarterly 47, 2: 247-274. Jordan-Zachery, Julia S. 2007. "Am I a Black Woman or a Woman Who Is Black? A Few Thoughts on the Meaning of Intersectionality." Politics & Gender 3, 02: 254-263. Kapsalis, Terri. 2002. "Mastering the Female Pelvis: Race and the Tools of Reproduction." In Skin Deep, Spirit Strong: The Black Female Body in American Culture, ed. Kimberly Wallace-Sanders. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 263-300. Karim, Lamia. 2004. "Democratizing Bangladesh: State, Ngos, and Militant Islam." Cultural Dynamics 16, 2-3: 291-318. Kevane, Michael, and Leslie C. Gray. 1999. "A Woman's Field Is Made at Night: Gendered Land Rights and Norms in Burkina Faso." Feminist Economics 5, 3: 1-26. MacKinnon, Catharine A. 2006. Are Women Human?: And Other International Dialogues. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Madley, Benjamin. 2005. "From Africa to Auschwitz: How German South West Africa Incubated Ideas and Methods Adopted and Developed by the Nazis in Eastern Europe." European History Quarterly 35, 3: 429-464. Mamdani, Mahmood. 2001. When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. McClintock, Anne. 1995. Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Conquest. New York: Routledge. 11 Milner, Wesley T., Steven C. Poe, and David Leblang. 1999. "Security Rights, Subsistence Rights, and Liberties: A Theoretical Survey of the Empirical Landscape." Human Rights Quarterly 21, 2: 403-443. Moghadam, Valentine M. 2005. Globalizing Women: Transnational Feminist Networks. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Muthien, Bernedette, and Charlotte Bunch. 2004. "Is Human Security a Useful Concept for Achieving Gender Justice, Human Rights and Development?" AWID Resource Net Friday File 195, Friday, September 17, 2004. Narayan, Uma. 1997. Dislocating Cultures: Identities, Traditions, and Third-World Feminism. New York: Routledge. Nash, Kate. 2002. "Human Rights for Women: An Argument for 'Deconstructive Equality'." Economy and Society 31, 3: 414-433. Petchesky, Rosalind P. 2006. "On the Unstable Marriage of Reproductive and Sexual Rights: The Case for a Trial Separation." Conscience http://www.catholicsforchoice.org/conscience/default.asp. Petchesky, Rosalind Pollack. 2003. Global Prescriptions: Gendering Health and Human Rights. New York: Zed Books. Povey, Elaheh Rostami. 2001. "Feminist Contestations of Institutional Domains in Iran." Feminist Review 69, winter: 44-72. Rao, Anupama, ed. 2003. Gender and Caste. New Delhi: Kali for Women. Ross, Loretta J. 2005. "A Feminist Perspective on Katrina." Collective Voices 1, 3. Rothschild, Cynthia, Scott Long, and Susana T. Fried, eds. 2005. Written Out: How Sexuality Is Used to Attack Women's Organizing. New York: International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission & The Center for Women's Global leadership. Sen, Amartya. 1999. "Human Rights and Economic Achievements." In The East Asian Challenge for Human Rights, ed. Joanne R. Bauer and Daniel A. Bell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 88-99. Sjoberg, Laura. 2006. Gender, Justice, and the Wars in Iraq: A Feminist Reformulation of Just War Theory. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Song, Sarah. 2005. "Majority Norms, Multiculturalism, and Gender Equality." The American Political Science Review 99, 4: 473-489. Sowards, Stacey K., and Valerie R. Renegar. 2006. "Reconceptualizing Rhetorical Activism in Contemporary Feminist Contexts." The Howard Journal of Communications 17: 57-74. Stern, Maria. 2006. "Racism, Sexism, Classism and Much More: Reading Security-Identity in Marginalized Sites." In Feminist Methodologies for International Relations, ed. Brooke Ackerly, Maria Stern and Jacqui True. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 174197. White, Julie Anne. 2007. "The Hollow and the Ghetto: Space, Race, and the Politics of Poverty." Politics & Gender 3, 02: 271-280. Wright, Beverly. 2005. "Living and Dying in Louisiana's "Cancer Alley"." In The Quest for Environmental Justice: Human Rights and the Politics of Pollution, ed. Robert D. Bullard. San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books, 87-107. Youngs, Gillian. 2005. "Ethics of Access: Globalization, Feminism and Information Society." Journal of Global Ethics 1, 1: 69-84.