Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Supporting Information S-Acyl isopeptide method: use of allyl-type protective group for improved preparation of thioester-containing S-acyl isopeptides by Fmoc-based SPPS Taku Yoshiya, Yuka Hasegawa, Wakana Kawamura, Hiroyuki Kawashima, Youhei Sohma, Tooru Kimura, Yoshiaki Kiso* Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Medicinal Chemical Sciences, Center for frontier Research in Medicinal Science, 21st Century COE program, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan. Fax: +81 75 591 9900 Tel: +81 75 595 4635 E-mail: kiso@mb.kyoto-phu.ac.jp 1 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S1 HPLC profile of pure [D-Val]-2. Analytical HPLC was performed using a C18 reverse phase column (4.6 150 mm; YMC Pack ODS AM302) with binary solvent system: a linear gradient of CH3CN (0–100% CH3CN, 40 min) in 0.1% aqueous TFA at a flow rate of 0.9 mL min–1 (40C), detected at 230 nm. 2 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S2 HPLC profiles of (A) crude 1 derived from crude 2, (B) crude 1 + D-Val2 derivative and (C) crude 1 + D-Cys3 derivative. Analytical HPLC was performed using a C18 reverse phase column (4.6 150 mm; YMC Pack ODS AM302) with binary solvent system: a linear gradient of CH3CN (23–43% CH3CN, 40 min) in 0.1% aqueous TFA at a flow rate of 0.9 mL min–1 (40 C), detected at 230 nm. 3 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S3 HPLC profiles of (A) crude 22, (B) pure 22 and (C) pure 23 synthesized by the conventional Fmoc-based SPPS. Non-peptidic compound was eluted at peak #. HPLC conditions were similar to those described in Fig. S1. 4 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S4 (A) S-Acyl isodipeptide unit 20. (B, C) Epimerization in the synthesis of 20 was evaluated by analytical RP-HPLC: (B) crude 20, (C) crude 20 + the authentic D-allo-Thr derivative. (D, E) HPLC profiles of (D) pure 20 and (E) pure [D-allo-Thr]-20. HPLC conditions were similar to those described in Fig. S1. 5 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S5 (A) S-Acyl isodipeptide unit 21. (B, C) Epimerization in the synthesis of 21 was evaluated by chiral HPLC: (B) crude 21, (C) crude 21 + the authentic D-Lys derivative. Chiral HPLC was performed using Chiralcel® OD normal phase column (4.6 250 mm; Daicel Chemical Ind., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan); mobile phase, n-hexane/ethanol (32:1), 0.1% TFA; flow rate, 1.5 mL min-1 (room temperature), detected at 230 nm. (D, E) HPLC profiles of (D) pure 21 and (E) pure [D-Lys]-21. HPLC conditions were similar to those described in Fig. S1. 6 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S6 Epimerization in the synthesis of 22 derived from crude isopeptide 17. HPLC profile of (A) crude 22, (B) crude 22 + [D-allo-Thr6]-22. Analytical HPLC was performed using a C18 reverse phase column (4.6 150 mm; YMC Pack ODS AM302) with binary solvent system: a linear gradient of CH3CN (2–32% CH3CN, 40 min) in 0.1% aqueous TFA at a flow rate of 0.9 mL min–1 (40C), detected at 230 nm. 7 Supporting Information (T. Yoshiya et al.) Figure S7 Epimerization in the synthesis of 22 derived from crude isopeptide 18. HPLC profile of (A) crude 22, (B) crude 22 + [D-allo-Thr6]-22. HPLC conditions were similar to those described in Fig. S6. 8