Homework 9
1.
2.
Alcohols, Aldehydes and Ketones
Which of the following is an aldehyde?
Which is true of a compound with the following formula?
CH3CH(OH)CH3
A
B
C
D
3.
Which process is used to convert methanol to methanal?
A
B
C
D
4.
oxidation
condensation
hydration
hydrogenation
Which of the following alcohols can be oxidised to give a ketone?
A
B
C
D
5.
It is a primary alcohol
It can be oxidised to an aldehyde
It is a tertiary alcohol
It can be oxidised to a ketone.
2-methylbutan-1-ol
2,3-dimethylpentan-1-ol
3-methylbutan-2-ol
2-methylbutan-2-ol
Ethanol vapour is passed over hot aluminium oxide.
What kind of reaction occurs?
A
B
C
D
Hydrogenation
Dehydration
Hydrolysis
Dehydrogenation
6.
After heating for several minutes as shown in the diagram, the pH indicator solution
turned red.
Liquid Q could be,
A
B
C
D
7.
The dehydration on butan-2-ol can produce two isomeric alkenes, but-1-ene and
but-2-ene. Which of the following alkanols can similarly produce, on dehydration, a
pair of isomeric alkenes?
A
B
C
D
8.
propanone
paraffin
propan-1-ol
propan-2-ol
propan-2 ol
pentan-3-ol
hexan –3-ol
heptan-4-ol
What compound is formed by the oxidation of propan-2-ol?
A
B
C
D
CH3CH2CHO
CH3CO CH3
CH3CH2COOH
CH3CH2 CH2OH
9.
CH3 – CH = CH2
reaction X
CH3-CH2- CH2-OH
Reaction Y
CH3-CH2-COOH
Which line in the table correctly describes reaction X and Y?
A
B
C
D
Reaction X
hydration
hydration
hydrolysis
hydrolysis
Reaction Y
oxidation
reduction
oxidation
reduction
10.
Propanone is a widely used solvent. It can be made from propene.
Using full structural formulae show the steps involved in this preparation and name
the reagent used in each step.
(2)
11.
Butan – 2-ol reacts in different ways
dehydration
butan-2-ol
oxidation
condensation with
ethanoic acid
butanone
(a) Name the two products formed by the dehydration of butan-2-ol
(b) Name a reagent which could be used to oxidise butan-2-ol to butanone.
12.
(1)
(1)
The compound diazomethane undergoes an unusual reaction called insertion.
Under certain conditions, the CH2 group produced can insert itself into any bond
which includes an atom of hydrogen.
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
OH
CH2N2
H
C
OH
H
H
H
C
H
O
H
C
H
H
Nitrogen is produced in every reaction.
One of the products for the reaction of diazomethane with ethanol is shown below.
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
CH2N2
H
C
C
H
H
OH
H
OH
(a) Name the product shown
(1)
(b) Draw the full structural formula for the other two organic products which could
be formed in this reaction.
(2)
13.
Acreolin is a feedstock for the production of useful organic compounds, eg acrylic
fibres, synthetic rubber and glycerol.
Acreolin was first produced after the second world war by oxidation of propene
using an antimony catalyst as shown in the diagram.
H
H
H
O2
H
C
C
C
H
C3H4O
Sb catalyst
H
H
O
C
C
C
H
A
H
H
H
C
C
C
oxidation
OH
Acreolin
H
reduction
H
OH
H
B
(a) Draw the structural formula for acreolin.
(b) Name a possible reagent that could be used to carry out the oxidation of
acreolin.
14.
(1)
(1)
Two reactions involving a carbon compound, A, are shown.
CH3-CH-CH2- CH3
A
OH
H+(aq)/Cr2O72Reaction 1
Reaction 2
B
C4H8O
CH2=CH-CH2-CH3
but-1-ene
CH3-CH=CH-CH3
but-2-ene
(a) Name compound A.
(1)
(b) Draw a structural formula for compound B.
(1)
(c) Name a substance used to convert compound A into but-2-ene and but-1-ene. (1)
15.
Alkanols can be oxidised to alkanoic acids.
CH3CH2CH2OH
Propan-1-ol
step 1
CH3CH2CHO
propanal
step 2
CH3CH2COOH
propanoic acid
(a) Why can step 1 be described as an oxidation reaction?
(b) Acidified potassium dichromate solution can be used to oxidise propanal
In step 2 . What colour change would be observed in this reaction?
(1)
(1)