APES
NDHS
Name: _______________________
Per: ______ Date: ______________
Biomes
Aquatic Biomes:
Stratification in Aquatic Biomes:
Littoral Zone:
Limnetic Zone:
Benthic Zone:
Photic Zone:
Aphotic Zone:
Intertidal Zone:
Neritic Zone:
Pelagic Zone:
Abyssal Zone:
Lakes and Ponds:
Characteristics:
Lake vs. Pond –
Description:
Vegetation: Cattails, reeds, sedges, water lillies, algae
Animals: Fish, crayfish, snails, water insects, a few mammals
(otter, muskrat), waterfowl
Importance:
Oligotrophic and Eutrophic:
• Oligotrophic –
• Eutrophic –
• Mesotrophic –
• Eutrophication:
• Natural –
• Cultural –
• Impacts:
Wetlands:
Marsh vs. Swamp:
Characteristics:
Vegetation: grasses, reeds, sphagnum moss, trees and shrubs
Animals: beavers, otters, muskrats, game fish, lots of birds and insects
IMPORTANCE:
Streams and Rivers:
Characteristics:
Vegetation: In water: algae, phytoplankton
On bed of stream river (in photic zone), algae and aquatic plants
On shore - various grasses, shrubs and trees
Animals: invertebrates (clams, mussels, snails, crayfish), insect larvae, fish,
otters, muskrats, aquatic birds
IMPORTANCE:
Estuaries:
Characteristics:
Vegetation: lots of plants - Mangroves (salt tolerant stilt-like roots, pg. 133)
Animals: fish, shellfish, birds
IMPORTANCE
Intertidal Zones:
Characteristics:
Zones:
High tide area Intertidal –
Low tide Vegetation: dependent on zone
High - little to none - some algae unless in a tide pool (low depression
in rock or sand where water remains during low tide - experiences extremes
in salinity and temperature)
Intertidal - Algae with gummy coats to prevent them from drying out
Low - Larger algae, kelp (brown algae), sea grass
Animals: usually have a mechanism to hold onto the substrata (rocks),
mussels, snails, echinoderms (sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers), some
fish in low tide area, crabs, barnacles, worms
IMPORTANCE:
Ocean Pelagic Zone:
Characteristics:
Vegetation: mainly phytoplankton and algae, some sea grass and kelp
Animals: zooplankton, fish, jellyfish, whales, porpoises, sea turtles,
penguins
IMPORTANCE:
Coral Reefs:
Characteristics:
Vegetation: Algae (Zooxanthelle)
Symbiosis: Coral and Zooxanthelle
Animals: Coral, huge numbers of fishes, echinoderms, shellfish (8% of fish
species in 0.1% of earth)
IMPORTANCE:
DANGERS:
Marine Benthic Zone:
Characteristics:
Neritic Zone:
Abyssal Zone:
Animals: Decomposers, Very weird fish, and invertebrates, tube worms,
chemosynthetic bacteria
IMPORTANCE:
Terrestrial Biomes:
Based on
Tropical Rain Forest:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Stratification, dense canopy, broadleaf evergreen trees
Animals: High animal diversity, usually smaller and adapted for life in
canopy
Seasonal Variations:
Other Characteristics:
Desert:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Low, scattered, deeply rooted succulents (Cacti), dense root
mats to absorb water, adapted to heat and low water
Animals: reptiles, insects, many nocturnal
Seasonal Variations:
Savannah:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Scattered trees (acacia), wide expanse of grasses, adapted to
fires, deep roots
Animals: Hoofed mammals, zebras, giraffe, lions, hyenas
Seasonal Variations:
Other Characteristics:
Chaparral;
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: tough evergreen woody shrubs and small trees adapted to
seasonal fires
Animals: Deer, goats, many small mammals, amphibians, birds and reptiles
Seasonal Variations:
Temperate Grasslands:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: ummm….Grass
Animals: Large Grazers (buffalo), prairie dogs
Seasonal Variations:
Coniferous (Boreal) Forest or Taiga
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Cone bearing trees (pine, spruce, fir, hemlock), conical shape
helps snow fall off so branches don’t break
Animals: Moose, brown bears, Siberian tigers, lots of insects during summer
Seasonal Variations:
Temperate Broadleaf/Deciduous Forest:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Broadleaf Deciduous Trees (drop leaves in fall to prevent water
loss in winter), conifers, shrubs and various grasses and herbaceous plants
Animals: Black bear, deer, squirrels, snakes, birds (migratory and
permanent), insects
Seasonal Variations:
Other: You live here
Temperate Rainforest:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Conifers, lots of lichens and epiphytic plants
Animals: Squirrels, mule deer, elk, birds, amphibians and reptiles
Seasonal Variations:
Other:
Tundra:
Rainfall:
Temperature:
Vegetation: Herbaceous (non-woody), dwarf shrubs and trees, lichens, moss,
grasses
Animals: Ox, caribou, reindeer, Santa Claus, Bears, wolves, foxes, lots of
insects in summer
Seasonal Variations:
OTHER: