OIE Collaborating Centre Reports
Activities in 2010
Title of Collaborating Centre:
Address of Collaborating Centre
Food Safety, Diagnosis and Control of
Animal Diseases for Eastern Europe,
Central Asia and Transcaucasia
FGU The All-Russian State Centre for Quality and
Standardisation of Veterinary Drugs and Feed (VGNKI)
5, Zvenigorodskoe shosse, 123022, Moscow, RUSSIA
Tel.:
(+7-499) 253.14.91
Fax:
(+7-499) 253.14.91
e-mail address:
vgnki@vgnki.ru
website:
www.vgnki.ru
Name of Head of Centre
(Responsible Official):
Dr Alexander N. Panin
Name of OIE Contact Point:
Dr Alexander N. Panin
Name of writer of this report
(if different from above)
Irina V. Soltynskaya
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2001
1
Food safety, diagnosis and control of animal diseases in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia
Summary of activities specifically related to the mandate of
OIE Collaborating Centres
1.
Activities as a centre of research, expertise, standardisation and dissemination of techniques
within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE
1a) Diagnostic research of biological material from animals and birds
In 2010 year our Center had carried out analyses for identification of causative agents of different bacterial,
fungus, parasitic diseases of laboratory and domestic animals. Pathological material and corpses were investigated
by different laboratory methods. In 2010 year was investigated 4889 different pathological materials (organs,
smears, excrements, urine, blood, milk) from agricultural, domestic, laboratory animals and birds, including
parenchymal organs – 639, smears and scrapes – 1881, excrements – 2243, biological liquids (blood, urine, milk)
– 136. Center had carried out 160 patologo-anatomic researches. In total Center had carried out 6866 different
researches.
Total:
Protozoa
Helminths
128
0
External parasites
232
9
Blood parasites
160
Dysbacteriosis
18
Antimicotic resistance
68
Microbiological
researches
Pathologo-anatomic
research
40
Antibiotic resistance
Milk/(sperm)
2243
Bacteriological
researches
Blood
1881
Urine
Smears
639
Analysis method
Excrement
Organs
Pathological material
518
500
150
29
106
960
834
4889
6866
1b) Diagnosis and surveillance of infectious diseases of the animals and birds
In last year our Center had carried out analyses for identification of causative agents of different infectious
diseases of animals and birds (from poultry farms, cattle-ranches, fur-farms, animal nurseries).
Causative agent/disease
Test
Chlamydia species
Chlamydophila psittaci
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/bovis
Mycobacterium avium
Brucella species
Yersina enterocolitica Feline calicivirus
Canine herpesvirus
PBFD
APV
Feline calicivirus
Herpesvirus
FIP
Mycoplasma species
Salmonella species
Canine distemper morbille virus
C. jejuni
Toxoplasma gondii
Infections canine gepatitis virus (Adenovirus)
Canine parainfluenza virus
2
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
Number of
investigated
samples
3015
463
62
105
26
12
58
503
420
1800
3250
2040
4090
680
3800
103
2303
520
70
Results of research
Positive
510
16
2
0
1
0
0
130
30
428
340
218
2130
25
46
3
1842
11
6
Negative
2505
447
60
105
25
12
58
373
390
1372
2910
1822
1960
655
3754
100
461
509
64
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2010
Food safety, diagnosis and control of animal diseases in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia
Causative agent/disease
PPV
PEDV
Parvovirus
Coronavirus
Avian influenza virus A, H5N1 subtype
Rotavirus
PKD
FIV
FelV
Salmonella enteritidis
Pasterella multocida
Mycoplasma synovia
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Avian infectious encephalomyelitis
Infecious anaemia
Paramyxovirux -II
Leucosis avium A and B
Leucosis avium J
Avian infectious bronchitis
Newcastle disease
Infectious bursal disease
Infectious Rhinotrachetis avium
Infectious Tenosynovitis
Avian infectious laryngotracheitis
Egg Drop Syndrome
Chicken Hydropericardium Syndrome
Test
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
PCR
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
HI
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
ELISA
HI
ELISA
Number of
investigated
samples
6
6
2870
3120
702
91
612
912
932
1788
473
2783
2783
1197
1329
234
305
234
5132
5723
7225
2258
2092
2318
671
700
Results of research
Positive
0
0
861
1903
0
4
194
91
105
806
92
1408
662
401
491
0
1
0
4192
4366
6355
1300
1433
1087
599
249
Negative
6
6
2009
1217
702
87
418
821
827
982
381
1375
2121
796
838
234
304
234
940
1357
870
958
659
1231
72
451
The Centre has carried out monitoring for SPF animals nurseries since 2003. In 2010 year 41of 16 lines laboratory
SPF animals were tested. In five of mice’s lines (CB1, B6Tg, Tg103, C3H700, BalbC), in rats’ lines (Wistar, CD,
SHR) and in hamster Golden Syrian line Candida spp. were isolated from intestinal tract. In mice’s lines
(B6CBAF1, CD-1, MRL) and in two rats’ lines (Wistar and SHR) Ps.aeruginosa was isolated from intestinal tract.
In 7 mice’s lines (B6CBAF1, Tg 103, Tg 102, C57B16, DBA, MRS, C3H700) and in 3 rats’ lines (WKY, Wistar
and CD) Staph. spp. was isolated from intestinal tract. Only mice’s lines (B6Tg, BalbC) and hamsters’ lines of
SPF animals living in isolated conditions had not any pathogenic and opportunist pathogenic microorganisms.
Therefore monitoring of microbiological animal status revealed the contamination laboratory animals by
pathogenic and opportunist pathogenic microorganisms on a large scale, consequently it is necessary to improve
conditions of SPF animals maintenance and feed safety control.
1c) Determination of the intensity of antirabic immunity and the efficiency of domestic carnivore's
vaccination
In connection with absence of pronounced tendency to decreasing the incidence of rabies the prevention methods
must be improved. The control of efficiency of vaccination allows breaking links in the epizootic chain and
prevents the epizootic process evolution. Therefore European Parliament has issued the directive №998/2003
according to which animals (dog, cat, polecat) imported in EU-contries must be tested for antirabic antibodies
presence.
The antirabic immunity was estimated on the bases of determination the level of virus neutralizing antirabic
antibodies in the serum of animal blood using the FAVN technique.
The Center had been accredited by AFSSA NANCY in 2005 and was included to the list of rabies testing
authorized laboratories located on the net site:
http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/liveanimals/pets/approval_en.htm#member_states. In 2010 the Center had
confirmed the international accreditation by AFSSA NANCY (France).
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2010
3
Food safety, diagnosis and control of animal diseases in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia
In the period since January 2010 till December 2010 the Centre had tested 348 animals (dogs and cats of different
breeds). Among the tested animals 68 animals had the average antibody titer below the 0,5 IU/ml value, that was
19,54% of total animals quantity and these animals had been vaccinated repeatedly.
1d) State monitoring of the presence of unintended and undesirable substances in imported feeds
and validation of the declared content of individual raw-materials used in the formulation
The Center is carried out state monitoring the presence of unintended and undesirable substances in imported feeds
and feed additives. Imported feeds are analyzed to exclude adulteration with contamination of ruminant (cattle and
small cattle) tissue; chicken tissue, pork tissue, soybean or maize ingredients.
For prevention of animal prione diseases spreading EU country have interdicted feeds for cattle which contained
bone meal from mammal’s origin. Developed PCR test systems "BIG” and "PZ-KOM" allow to reveal ruminant
(cattle and small cattle) and mink tissues in feeds and prevent spreading of animal prione diseases in Russia.
In accordance with directive N13-5-1/1239 16.11.2000 “About quality control of fish flour” had issued by Russian
Ministry of Agriculture, the state control of fish flour import had been started in the Centre. PCR test system
“CHIS” for chicken and swine DNA identification has been used to disclose falsification of fish flour with chicken
and pork tissue.
4
Without furry animal DNA
With furry animal DNA
Without chicken and pork
DNA
not registered
With chicken DNA
Without ruminant DNA
registered
With bovine DNA
With ruminant DNA
not registered
GM maize
DNA was
detected
Furry animal
DNA
registered
GM soy
DNA was
detected
Chicken/pork
DNA
Ruminant DNA
Without GMO
GMO DNA
with GMO (35S-promoter,
NOS terminator)
Number of investigated samples
period
In accordance with the directive N 26 1801.2002 issued in Russia all imported feeds must tested on GMO
presence. Feeds which contain registered in Russia transgenic line are subjected to obligatory state registration.
The Center are authorized for carrying out state control of feeds (GMO detection; identification of the specific
transgenic events; quantitative determination of the relative content of GM soybean/maize DNA to total
soybean/maize DNA) and pre-registration trial of feeds contained GMO. In 2005 FGU VGNKI had been assessed
and certified by “UKAS” as meeting the requirements of ISO 9001:2000 for the activities “Qualitative and
quantitative determination and identification of genetically modified organisms (GMO) in agricultural products,
feedstuff, feed additives and food; exclusion of products adulteration” (certificate HU05/1457, SGS). In 2010 the
Center confirmed the certificate of accordance with international standard ISO 9001:2000. In 2010 the Center took
part in FEPAS GMO detection researches for the purpose of accreditation according the requirements of ISO
17025.
January
196
62
62
0
0
0
72
0
0
130
0
0
0
February
210
64
62
2
0
0
64
2
2
120
0
0
0
8
March
197
54
54
0
0
0
68
0
0
111
0
0
0
12
April
211
67
66
1
0
0
62
1
1
120
0
0
0
9
May
206
64
64
0
0
0
63
0
0
124
0
0
0
12
June
197
61
59
2
0
0
67
3
3
110
0
0
0
14
July
207
67
67
0
0
0
68
0
0
114
0
0
0
10
10
August
194
64
64
0
0
0
69
0
0
109
0
0
0
8
September
198
77
76
1
0
0
68
2
0
118
0
0
0
12
October
201
71
71
0
0
0
69
0
0
130
0
0
0
6
November
184
63
61
2
0
0
63
1
0
113
0
0
0
10
December
210
59
59
0
0
0
68
0
0
106
0
0
0
9
TOTAL
2411
773
765
8
0
0
801
9
6
1405
0
0
0
120
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2010
Food safety, diagnosis and control of animal diseases in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia
1e) Monitoring the presence of unintended and undesirable substances in foods – food safety
control
The Center has carried out monitoring the presence of unintended and undesirable substances in food.
In 2010 the Center had tested 3463 samples of foodstuff (foods and farm products, including meat, poultry, milk,
eggs, fish products and other food products) for detection of xenobiotics. Antibiotics of the tetracycline group
were detected in 263 investigated samples of milk products (of 1078 investigated samples), in 479 samples of meat
(of 1419 investigated samples), in 253 samples of by-products (of 704 investigated samples), in 2 samples of fish
and fish products (of 55 investigated samples). In 36 (49,3%) investigated samples coccidiostatics were detected.
Chloramphenicol was detected in 3 (18,8%) investigated samples, nitrofuran metabolites – in 36 (49,3%)
investigated samples.
In 2010 43 samples of foodstuff have been analyzed for the presence of unintended microorganisms (Listeria
monocyt., Salmonella sp., Staph.gallinarum, Staph.aureus, Candida, E. сoli, Yersinia enteroc., Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and etc.). In 3 (23%) investigated samples Listeria monocytogenes was detected.
In 5 (37%) investigated samples the Quantity of Mesophilic Aerobic and Facultative Anaerobic Microorganisms
(QMAFAnM) was increased. In 9 (61,6%) investigated samples Coliforms were detected. In 2 (4,6%) investigated
samples yeast and mould were detected.
In the period since January 2010 till December 2010 the Centre had tested 55 samples of feed (feeding meal, mill
cakes, nutrient supplements, soybean shrots and etc.). In 2 (4,6%) of investigated samples the Salmonella spp. was
detected.
1e) Research
Our efforts are directed to development of test-systems based on using the polymerize chain reaction (PCR)
method. Some new PCR test systems had been developed in 2010:
 PCR test system “PVS” for identification porcine parvovirus infection using Real time PCR;
 PCR test system “EDS” for identification porcine epidemic diarrhoea by PCR-method;
 PCR test system “TGES” for identification RNA virus of swine transmissible gastroenteritis by PCR-method;
These test systems were passed the approbation checkout in 2010 and have been approved by Ministry of
Agriculture.
2.
Proposal or development of any procedure that will facilitate harmonisation of international
regulations applicable to the surveillance and control of animal diseases, food safety or animal
welfare
Our efforts are directed to development of test-systems based on using the polymerize chain reaction (PCR)
method. We offer different kits for detection a wide range of the viral and bacterial infections and for
determination of ruminant tissues or genetically modified organisms in feeds. Our test-systems were affirmed by
Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. PCR-test systems are distributed within the veterinary
laboratories of Russia and in the countries of the Former USSR.
The list of the test systems:
Test-system “GRIPP” for identification and typing of avian influenza virus A by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0031-2009)**
Test-system "CHLA-СOM" for diagnostic of animal and avian chlamydiosis by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0028-2007)
Test-system "CHLA-PSIT" for identification of C. psittaci chlamydiosis agent by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0029-2007)
Test system “CHLA-FEL” for diagnostics of feline chlamydiosis by PCR method (TC 9388-155-00494189-06)*
Test-system "MYC-KOM" for identification of mycoplasmosis agent by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0024-2007)
Test-system "MYC-SYN" for identification of M. synoviae bird mycoplasmosis agent by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-00252007)
Test-system "MYC-GAL" for identification of M. gallisepticum bird mycoplasmosis agent by PCR-method (SТО 004941890023-2007)
Test-system "MTB-KOM" for identification of tuberculosis agent M. bovis and M. tuberculosis by PCR-method (SТО
00494189-0044-2010)
Test-system "MTB-DIFF" for identification and differentiation of tuberculosis agent M. bovis and M. tuberculosis by PCRmethod (SТО 00494189-0038-2009)
Test system “VD” for diagnostics of cattle viral diarrhea using Real time PCR (STO 00494189-0028-2009)
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2010
5
Food safety, diagnosis and control of animal diseases in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia
Test-system "SAL-KOM" for identification of salmonella agent by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0027-2007)
Test-system "BRU-KOM" for diagnostic brucellosis by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0021-2007)
Test-system "LISTER" for identification of Listeria monocytogenes by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0045-2010)
Test-system "ROTAVIR" for identification of rotavirus infectious agent by PCR-method (SТО 00494189-0026-2007)
Test-system "CAM-BAK" for identification and indication of C. jejuni campylobacteriosis agent by PCR-method (SТО
00494189-0027-2008)
Test-system "TOX" for identification of Toxoplasma gondii by PCR-method (TC 9388-096-00494189-04)
Test-system "AVIUM" for identification of M. avium tuberculosis agent by PCR-method (TC 9388-125-00494189-04)
Test-system "SYB-DIF" for detection and differentiation of Bac.anthracis agents by PCR method (STO 00494189-00412009)
Test-system "POLI-CHUM" for diagnosis of carnivore plague with PCR method(SТО 00494189-0033-2009)
Test-system "CALICIVIR" for diagnosis of calicivirosis of cats by PCR method(TC 9388-128-00494189-04)
Test-system "RYNOVIR" for diagnosis of rhinotracheitis of cats by PCR method(STO 494189-0040-2009)
Test-system "ABN" for detection of Aleutian mink disease virus by PCR method (SТО 00494189-0030-2009)
Test system “PARATUB” for identification DNA Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by PCR-method (SТО
00494189-0025-2008)
Test system “PSEUDOTUB” for identification DNA Yersinia pseudotuberculosis by PCR (SТО 00494189-0026-2008)
Test-system "PARVOVIR" for detection and identification of canine parvovirus, feline panleukopenia virus, mink enteritis
virus by PCR method (STO 00494189-0035-2009)
Test-system "ENTERCOL" for detection of Y. enterocolitica by PCR method (ТC 9388-127-00494189-04)
Test-system “ADENOVIR” for detection and differentiation of carnivore’s adenovirus infectious by PCR method (TC 9388141-00494189-05)
Test system “KCHS” for diagnostics of classical swine fever using Real time PCR (SТО 00494189-0029-2009)
Test-system "RHINO-KOR" for identification of cattle rhinotracheites agent by PCR method (TC 9388-124-00494189-04)
Test-system "NECRO-BAC" for identification Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum by PCR method (TC 9388147-00494189-05)
Test-system “LPS” for detection of pathogenic Leptospira sp. by PCR method (STO 00494189-0036-2009)
Test system “COLI-DIFF” for Е.coli О157:H7 identification and differentiation of Shiga like toxins (stx type I and II ),
entero-hemorrhagic Е.coli by PCR method (TC 9388-154-00494189-06)
Test-system “CORONAVIR” for detection and identification Coronavirus infections of cats and dogs by PCR method (STO
00494189-0034-2009)
Test system “LEUCOS” for identification of viral leucosis of cattle by PCR method (SТО 00494189-0032-2009)
Test system “LEUKIS” for diagnostics of feline leukemia by real-time PCR (TC 9388-153-00494189-06)
Test system “ACHS” for identification African swine fever virus using Real time PCR (STO 00494189-0037-200)
Test - system "BIG" for species-specific identification of ruminant tissues by PCR(SТО 00494189-0020-2007)
Test-system "CHIS" for chicken meat and pork identification in feeds by PCR method (TC 9388-123-00494189-04)
Test system "PLANT-SCREEN" for detection of transgenic constructs control elements in soy and maize genome by PCR
method (TC 9388-122-00494189-04)
Test system "UNI-SCREEN" for detection of transgenic constructions control elements in maize genome by PCR method (TC
9388-121-00494189-04)
Test system " PZ-KOM " for identification of mink DNA in feeds by PCR method (TC 9388-152-00494189-06)
Test system "GENO-KORM-SOY" for quantitative determination of the relative content of genetically modified soybean
DNA to total soybean DNA by real-time PCR (TC 9388-132-00494189-04 )
Test system " VIK " for diagnostics of feline immunodeficiency by real-time PCR (STO 00494189-0013-2007)
Test system " GMS " for identification of GM Soya by real-time PCR (STO 00494189-0012-2007)
Test system " GMK " for identification of GM Maize by real-time PCR (STO 00494189-0011-2007)
Test system " GMS-DIF " for determination of GM soya’s DNA and for identification events of GM soya: 40-3-2, A5547127, A2704-12 by real-time PCR (STO 00494189-0016-2007)
Test system " GENO-KORM-MAIZE " for quantitative determination of the relative content of genetically modified maize
DNA to total maize DNA by real-time PCR (TC 9388-133-00494189-04)
* TC (Technical Conditions) – is a set of normative documents that prescribed
to the manufacture, sale and use of biopreparation.
*STO (Organisation’s Standard) – standard, which was affirmed and was accepted by organisation for the
production’s perfection and for the ensuring of product’s quality.
3.
Placement of expert consultants at the disposal of the Office International des Epizooties
None.
6
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2010
Food safety, diagnosis and control of animal diseases in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia
Activities specifically related to the mandate
of OIE Collaborating Centres
4.
Provision of scientific and technical training, within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE, to
personnel from Member Countries of the Office
None.
5.
Organisation of scientific meetings on behalf of the Office
None.
6.
Coordination of scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other laboratories or
organisations
In collaboration with Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine (Moscow) genetic determinants of
aminoglycoside resistance in Salmonella strains had been studied.
The spread of aminoglycoside resistant phenotype and corresponding genetic resistance determinants was
evaluated in a collection of 243 Salmonella strains acquired between 1948 and 2010 by All-Russian Center on
Quality and standardization of veterinary drugs and feed, Moscow. Salmonella strains showed resistance to
streptomycin and gentamycin in 3.7 % (n = 9) and 0.8 % (n = 2) cases, respectively. Intermediate resistance to
streptomycin was detected in 9.9 % (n = 24) cases. To investigate the genetic background for aminoglycoside
resistance, we designed primers for aadA1, aadA2, aadB, aphA1, aphA3, sat, strA, strB, aphA, aacC, rmtB, armA
and rpsL genes. The only strains with reduced susceptibility to streptomycin harbored aadA1, aadA2, strA, strB
resistance genes and rpsL mutant allele (K42N, G91D). Gentamycin resistance genes were not detected. Some
strains carried genetic markers of streptomycine resistance did not reveal clinically relevant resistance yet. In this
regard detection of resistance genes is essential for more rational antimicrobial therapy and prevention of further
horizontal transfer of drug resistance determinants among microbial population.
7.
Publication and dissemination of any information within the remit of the mandate given by the
OIE that may be useful to Member Countries of the Office
None.
_______________
Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres, 2010
7