Multilingual Awareness
Detailed Reference List used for TIS Presentation on 22/11/2011
1. Overview of bilingualism
This page explains e.g. early and current research on bilingualism, including an explanation of the
threshold theory, bilingualism and successful learning and language teaching in school.
Reference: http://leap.tki.org.nz/Is-bilingualism-a-problem
2. Society for Neuroscience
Their research is related to how bilingualism is manifested in the brain with brain imaging
samples.
Reference: http://www.sfn.org/index.aspx?pagename=brainbriefings_thebilingualbrain
3. Bilingual Education
On this webpage a number of theoretical issues related to bilingualism are discussed, such as the
thresholds theory. It also includes status of minority languages and case comparisons.
Reference: http://bilingualed.weebly.com/research.html
4. Cultural Identity and multilingualism
This is a pdf document explaining the traits of a multicultural world. It includes the multilingual
classroom and identity development.
Reference: http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el200509_cummins.pdf
5. Trilingualism and the influence of grandparents
I have presented this paper at a conference in 2011. It is concerned with the influence of
grandparents on trilingual families’ language use. I have looked at different types of families.
Reference: http://personal.inet.fi/surf/ferienhaususedom/trilingualism/L3Presentation-A-Braun-Warsaw.pptx
6. Language mixing/switching
This document explains the basics about code switching. It is titled: USING CODE SWITCHING
AS A STRATEGY FOR BILINGUAL EDUCATION IN THE CLASSROOM
Reference: http://www.thutong.doe.gov.za/resourcedownload.aspx?id=19148
7. Language strategies i.e. OPOL
The webpage explains the OPOL One Parent One Language and other useful strategies for
raising children bilingually.
Reference: http://www.omniglot.com/language/articles/bilingualkids4.htm
8. List of useful references for further reading
http://www.multilingualchildren.org/
http://www.multilingualliving.com/
http://www.trilingualism.org/
Baker, C. (2007). A Parent's and Teacher's Guide to Bilingualism (3.ed). Clevedon:
Multilingual Matters.
Hoffmann, C. & Ytsma, J. (2004) Trilingualism in family, school and community.
Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, UK
Braun, A. (2011). The role of education in the language practices of trilingual families
(Eds) "C. Varcasia. Becoming Multilingual. Language Learning and Language Policy
between Attitudes and Identities. Bern: Peter Lang". pages 113 to page 134.
Tokuhama-Espinosa, T. (2008). Living Languages: Multilingualism across the Lifespan.
Praeger Publishers, Westport, Conn. (279 pages)
TIS – Multilingual Awareness 22/11/2011 by Dr. A. Braun
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9. List of additional references used in the presentation
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Hamers, J. F. & Blanc, M. H. A. (2003). Bilinguality & Bilingualism. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Pinter, R. & Keller, R. (1922). Intelligence tests for foreign children. Journal of Educational
Psychology. 1922 Vol 13 (4) 214-222
Saer, O. J. (1923). The effects of bilingualism on intelligence. British Journal of Psychology, 14,
25-28.
Laurien, S. (1890). Lectures on language and linguistic method in the school. Cambridge: CUP.
Peal, E. & Lambert, W. (1962). The relationship of bilingualism to intelligence. Psychological
Monographs, 76 (27), 275-286.
Balkan, L. (1970). Les Effets du Bilinguisme Française-Anglais sur les Aptitudes Intellectuelles.
Bruxelles: AimavBialystok, 1999;
Cummins, J. (1981). Bilingualism and Minority Language Children. Ontario: Ontario Institute for
Studies in Education.
Sercu, L. (2006). Acquiring multilingualism in a school context. An investigation of the multilingual
lexicon. Paper presented at the Conference on Multilingualism & Applied Comparative
Linguistics, Brussels, Belgium.
Yang, S. & Lust, B. (2004). Testing effects of bilingualism on executive attention: comparison of
cognitive performance on two non-verbal tests, [Internet]. Cornell University. Available: http://psystatic01.bu.edu/posters/29/YangBUCLD2004.pdf [2006, 21/03].
Baker, C. (2006). Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism. (4.ed) Clevedon:
Multilingual Matters
Baker 2000 A Parents’ and Teachers’ guide to bilingualism
Child Development. 1999;70(3)636-644. Cognitive complexity and attentional control in the
bilingual mind. Bialystok E.
Clinical Psychology Review. 2002;22:463-478. Bilingualism, brain injury, and recovery:
implications for understanding the bilingual and for therapy. Marrero MZ, Golden CJ, Espe-Pfeifer
P.
J Cog Neurosci. 2008;20(1):153-169. Bilingual and monolingual brains compared: a functional
magnetic resonance imaging investigation of syntactic processing and a possible “neural
signature” of bilingualism. Kovelman I, Baker SA, Petitto LA.
Learning Language. 2003;8:5-18. The bilingual paradox: how signing-speaking bilingual children
help us resolve it and teach us about the brain’s mechanisms underlying all language acquisition.
Petitto LA, Kovelman I.
Nature. 2004 Oct 14;431:757. Neurolinguistics: structural plasticity in the bilingual brain. Mechelli
A, Crinion JT, Noppeney U, O’Doherty J, Ashburner J, Frackowiak RS, Price CJ.
NeuroImage. 2001;14:510-520. Language switching and language representation in SpanishEnglish bilinguals: an fMRI study. Hernandez AE, Dapretto M, Mazziotta J, Bookheimer S.
Neuropsychologia. 2007 Jan 28;45(2):459-464. Bilingualism as a protection against the onset of
symptoms of dementia. Bialystok E, Craik FI, Freedman M.
Psychol Aging. 2004 Jun;19(2):290-303. Bilingualism, aging, and cognitive control: evidence from
the Simon Task. Bialystok E, Craik FIM, Klein R, Viswanathan M.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TAPyoHERyfQ&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9V9jPqrm8Go&feature=related
TIS – Multilingual Awareness 22/11/2011 by Dr. A. Braun
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