[Paleoceanography]
Supporting Information for
[Upward-propagating change in Eastern Equatorial Pacific intermediate water heat and
carbon content during the last deglaciation]
[Samantha C. Bova1, Timothy Herbert1, Yair Rosenthal2, Julie Kalansky2.3, Mark Altabet4, Caitlin
Chazen1, Angel Mojarro1, and Jana Zech1]
[1Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Providence, RI USA; 2Rutgers The
State University of New Jersey, Department of Marine Science and Earth and Planetary Sciences, New Brunswick,
NJ, USA 08901; 3Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,
4University of Massachusetts, School for Marine Science and Technology, New Bedford, MA, USA ]
Contents of this file
Figure S1 to S2
Introduction
The supporting information provides two supplementary figures that support statements made
in the main text. In Figure S1 we provide greater detail on the stratification gradient. In the
main text we present the average stratification gradient anomaly, which is composed of an
average of three stratification indices: (1) offsets in planktonic and benthic 13C values, (2)
offsets in planktonic and benthic 18O values, and (3) the difference between alkenone SSTs
and 18O-derived temperatures at intermediate depths. Here, we show the 13C,18O, and
temperature gradient between the surface and each subsurface record individually. Figure S2
helps justify the use of Uvigerina peregrina 13C measurements as a proxy for the influx of
southern ocean intermediate waters.
1
Figure S1. The stratification gradient in 18O, 13C and temperature space was calculated as the
offset between records from the sea surface, 370 m, 600 m, and 1000 m. Here we show the
18O, 13C, and temperature gradient between the surface records and each subsurface record
individually. (a.) 18O, 13C and thermal gradient between the surface and 370 m, (b.) 18O, 13C
and thermal gradient between the surface and 600 m, (c.) 18O, 13C and thermal gradient
between the surface and 1000 m. Calculated gradients to 370, 600, and 1000 m each exhibit
reduced stratification during the deglaciation, with the smallest gradients occurring during the
YD and HS1 (gray bars).
2
Figure S2. (A.) Alkenone abundances (C37total) at sites CDH 23 and CDH 26 along the northern
Peru Margin. (B.) Carbon isotopes measured on the benthic foraminifer Uvigerina peregrina at
1000 m water depth at site CDH 26. The C37total, a proxy for the rain rate of organic matter, is
not correlated to subsurface 13C values, which suggests overprinting by respiratory CO2 is not
the primary control on Uvigerina 13C values. Instead, advection of isotopically light DIC from
the Southern Ocean was likely the primary driver of carbon isotopic change at this site during
the last deglaciation.
3