Guided Reading Question Chapter 28.1(up to pg 533)
Name: _____________________________________ Date: _______________________ Pd _____
1. Define Geology: ___________________________________________________________
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2. Nicholas Steno discovered …______________________________________________________
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3. What is relative dating? _________________________________________________________
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4. What was Steno’s 3 ideas that arose from relative dating? ______________________________
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5. ______________________________________ means that the bottom layers of rock are older
than the layers on the top, unless they have been disturbed.
5. ______________________________________ states that sediment particles fall to the bottom of
a basin, such as a riverbed, in response to gravity and result in horizontal layers.
6. ______________________________________ is the idea that layers of sediment extend
continuously in all directions when they formed and remain that way unless a river, earthquake,
volcano or other geologic event offsets them.
7. What does the statement the present explains the past mean? ____________________________
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8. ______________________________________ states that a vein of rock is younger than the rock
that surrounds it.
9. According to your textbook what does inclusions mean? ________________________________
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10. The idea of ___________________________________ states that fossils can be used to identify
the relative age of layers of a rock formation, if you already know the age of the fossil.
11. Why was Kelvin’s calculation of the earth’s age incorrect? ______________________________
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12. Earth’s 3 internal heat sources are: ________________________________________________
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13. Compared to moon rocks, meteorites and other solar system debris, the age of the solar system
is about ______________________________________________________
14. The 3 ERAs the geologic time scale is divided into are:
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15. During what period was the earth covered with glaciers? _______________________________
16. During the Precambrian era what type of life was present on the Earth, based on the evidence in
the rocks? ____________________________________________________________________
17. What layers of rock were likely forming during the Precambrian? ________________________
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18. What type of life was abundant during the Jurassic? Quaternary?_________________________
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19. Briefly describe how scientists believe the Earth formed. _______________________________
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20. Explain how the melting and sinking to the core of iron generated earth’s original heat. _______
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21. The shallowest part of the is called ____________________________ and means what? ______
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22. What does asthenosphere mean? __________________________________________________
23. What are the convection movements inside the Earth related to? _________________________
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24. What are the 2 kinds of crust? ____________________________________________________
25. Why does the crust “float” on the mantle? ___________________________________________
26. What is the composition of the cores? ______________________________________________
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27. Compare and contrast oceanic and continental crust. __________________________________
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28. What is Plate Tectonics? ________________________________________________________
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