Ch 4
1) True or False? According to the Learning
Answer: True
Disabilities Association of Canada, learning
disabilities refer to a number of disorders, which may
affect the acquisition, organization, retention,
understanding, or use of verbal/nonverbal information.
Answer: e) All of the above
2) What are some causes of learning disabilities?
a) Genetic and hereditary influences
b) Causes occurring before birth
c) Causes occurring during birth process
d) Causes occurring after birth process
e) All of the above
3) Match the Characteristics of Learning
Disabilities
1) Academic
A) Sometimes
Difficulties
unsuccessful in fully
participating in
conversation.
2) Language
B) Have trouble
Difficulties
finishing assignment
or rush through the
work with little
attention to detail.
3) Socio-Emotional
C) Lack strategies for
Problems
planning and
organizing, setting
priorities, and
predicting/solving
problems.
4) Attention
D) Affects the ability
Difficulties and
to recognize stimuli
Hyperactivity
being received
through sight,
hearing, or touch.
5) Memory
E) Fall into the areas
difficulties
of reading, math, and
written expression.
6) Cognition
F) Deficits in shortDifficulties
term, working, and
long-term memory.
7) Metagcognition
G) Difficulties with
Difficulties
cutting using scissors,
buttoning, clothing,
Answer:
1) Academic
Difficulties
2) Language
Difficulties
3) SocioEmotional
Problems
4) Attention
Difficulties and
Hyperactivity
5) Memory
difficulties
6) Cognition
Difficulties
7) Metagcognition
E) Fall into the
areas of reading,
math, and written
expression.
A) Sometimes
unsuccessful in
fully participating
in conversation.
H) Learning
disabilities often
linked increase in
emotional distress.
B) Have trouble
finishing
assignment or rush
through the work
with little attention
to detail.
F) Deficits in shortterm, working, and
long-term memory.
I) Have trouble
using previously
learned information
in a new situation.
C) Lack strategies
1
and handwriting.
H) Learning
disabilities often
linked increase in
emotional distress.
I) Have trouble using
previously learned
information in a new
situation.
for planning and
organizing, setting
8) Perceptual
priorities, and
Differences
predicting/solving
problems.
8) Perceptual
D) Affects the
9) Motor Skills and
Differences
ability to recognize
Coordination
stimuli being
Problems
received through
sight, hearing, or
touch.
9) Motor Skills
G) Difficulties with
and Coordination
cutting using
Problems
scissors, buttoning,
clothing, and
handwriting.
4) (Select the best answer) Teachers need to be aware Answer: c) Both a and b
of characteristics of students with learning disabilities
in order to:
a) Know when to further document a student’s
strengths
b) Know when to further document a students’ areas
of need for possible referral to the school psychologist
or team
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
5) True or false? It is difficult to identify preschool
students with learning disabilities because of the
tremendous differences in children’s growth and
maturation.
6) True or false? Diagnosis of learning disabilities is
problematic because they are based on intelligence
and achievement tests given in English while
considering cultural and language differences.
7) True or false? Strategies for curriculum and
instruction for students with learning disabilities have
been controversial.
8) True or false? There is only one treatment
approach to learning disabilities that serves as the best.
9) Fill in the blanks for traditional approaches in
preschool services using these terms: behavioural,
developmental, cognitive
The __________________ model stresses provision of
enriched environment. The ________________ model
is based on Piaget’s work and its primary focus is to
Difficulties
Answer: True
Answer: False
Answer: True
Answer: False
Answer: developmental, cognitive,
behavioural
2
stimulate the child’s cognitive or thinking abilities.
The ________________ model includes concepts
learned by direct instruction and theory of
reinforcement.
10) (Select the best answer) Intervention during the
early elementary years is important. Children with
learning disabilities may have academic and language
deficits in some of these areas:
a) Basic reading skills
b) Math reasoning
c) Music and movement
d) Both a and b
e) All of the above
11) (Select the best answer) A major problem for
secondary students with learning disabilities that stem
from years of school failure is:
a) Peer pressure
b) Low self-concept
c) Social and emotional problems
d) None of the above
e) Both b and c
12) (Select the best answer) Successful adults with
learning disabilities are:
a) Goal directed, work hard to accomplish
b) Understand and accept their strengths and
limitations
c) Both a and b
d) Rich
e) None of the above
13) (Select the best answer) A controversial therapy
that involves prescription of tinted glasses as a cure
for:
a) ADHD
b) Dyslexia
c) Dyscalculia
d) Aphasia
14) (Select the best answer) How can the classroom
be adapted for students with learning disabilities?
a) Use of inflated scores
b) Penalize students for low test scores
c) A wide range of adaptations to meet individual
needs
d) Adaptations are not necessary
15) (Select the best answer) A guideline to assist
academic and language problems is:
Answer: d) Both a and b
Answer: e) Both b and c
Answer: c) Both a and b
Answer: b) Dyslexia
Answer: c) A wide range of adaptations to
meet individual needs
Answer: d) All of the above
3
a) Substitute textbook reading by supplying an
audiotape of the text
b) Simplify text by developing chapter outlines or
summaries
c) Highlight key concepts by over viewing the
assignment before reading
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
16) True or false? Through methods of selfmonitoring and self-regulation, the ultimate goal for a
student with a learning disability experiencing social
and emotional problems, is to be able to identify
socially inappropriate behaviour.
17) Fill in the blank using one of these terms:
Reading, Social-Emotional, Cognitive
Answer: True
Answer: Cognitive
Combining seeing, saying, writing, and doing provides
opportunities for presenting new information and
helps with retaining important information for children
with __________________ differences.
18) What are some ways the teacher can promote a Answer: e) All of the above
sense of community and social acceptance?
a) Be consistent with rules and schedules
b) Eliminate or reduce visual and auditory distractions
when students need to focus
c) Teach strategies for remembering
d) Use activities that are short and encourage
movement
e) All of the above
True and False
A learning disability relates to cognitive
True
disability
Children with LD’s are weak in all area of the
False, children with LD’s can excel in some
curriculum.
areas of the curriculum and not in others.
Attention does not affect learning.
False – attention effects all areas of learning
Motor skills are related to academics.
False, they are not related to academics
Family participation is not necessary when
False – families, teachers, and professional
developing appropriate programming.
resources should all work together when
developing programming.
Technology can build academic success
True
Children with ADD/ADHD should be placed
False, they should be placed at the front of the
near windows
room
Motor abilities are cognitive differences
True
4
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT related to learning
d) Preschool Services
disabilities?
a) MBD
b) Brain Damage
c) Central process dysfunction
d) Preschool services
What weakness in the curriculum causes extreme
embarrassment?
a) Spelling
b) Writing
c) Math
d) Oral reading
Which difficulty impacts quality of life the most?
a) Spelling
b) Math
c) Language
d) Social studies
Memory difficulties all BUT;
a) Short term
b) Long term
c) Empathy
d) Auditory
e) Visual
Perceptual Difficulties involve all BUT;
a) Smell
b) Sight
c) Touch
d) Hear
To improve Language you should;
a) Make sure the student is listening,
b) Provide feedback
c) Model pro social skills
d) Increase wait times
Many students fail because;
a) They do not want to learn
b) They don’t pay attention
c) They do not understand basic directions
d) They do not receive praise
Strategies to meet the needs of students include all
BUT;
a) Providing hard copies
b) Demonstrate
c) Repeat instructions
d) List relevant terms
d) Oral Reading
c) Language – inability to communicate
c) Empathy
a) Smell
d) Increasing wait times allows time for
comprehension and response.
c) They do not understand basic directions
a) Providing hard copies
5
e) Select appropriate testing
Controversial approaches include all BUT;
b) Homework
a) Interventions
b) Homework
c) Diet related interventions
d) Vision therapy
Fill in the blank
Word Bank
4
Cognitive Difficulties
Praise
Metacognition Difficulties
Identification
9
Effective
Failure
12
How many causes of neurological dysfunction are
4 – genetics and hereditary, causes occurring
there?
before birth, causes during birth process, and
causes occurring after birth
___________does not work with children with LD’s, Praise
instead rewarding specific accomplishments will
work more effectively.
Children with _________ ___________ have trouble Cognitive Difficulties
getting started on a task and may require more
supervision.
Children with ____________ ______________ lack Metacognition Difficulties
skills in organizing, planning, and problem solving.
With proper____________________, children can
Identification.
make progress when given well-designed instruction.
A child is usually ____years old before a specific
9
disability can be identified.
Preschool services have shown that interventions are Effective.
_______________.
70% of children with reading difficulty in grade 3
12
still have trouble in grade __________.
Social emotional problems are closely tied to
Failure.
academic _________________
Heading
Question
Answer
INTRODUCTION (85)
People who have learning disabilities
a) always have a visible trait that
identifies their disability
b) perform poorly in all areas of
development and assessment
c) are not trying hard enough
d) have a dysfunction in the central
nervous system
d
(p. 86,
para. 4)
c
6
BASIC CONCEPTS ABOUT
LEARNING DISABILITIES
(86)
Learning Disabilities
Defined (86)
Prevalence and Causes of
Learning Disabilities (88)
Characteristics of Students
with Learning Disabilities
(89)
Identification, Assessment
and Eligibility (94)
CULTURAL AND
LINGUISTIC DIVERSTIY
(97)
STRATEGIES FOR
CURRICULUM AND
INSTRUCTION (98)
The definition of learning disability does
not include:
a) dyslexia
b) brain injury
c) hearing loss
d) developmental aphasia
Which of the following situations can
potentially cause a learning disability
a) genetic and hereditary influences
b) fetal exposure to drugs and alcohol
c) trauma during birth including
prematurity
d) malnutrition
e) all of the above
Learning disabilities include:
a) deficits in academic achievement
b) difficulties with social interaction
c) hyperactivity
d) a & b
e) a, b, c
(p.87,
para. 2)
In order for a teacher to properly identify
learning disabilities, the teacher must:
a) document the students strengths as
well as areas of need
b) refer to the school psychologist or
school team
c) research the internet for possible
diagnosis
d) a & b
e) all of the above
When a student is determined eligible for
special education services, the process of
designing and implementing an appropriate
education plan means the teacher must:
a) know the short and long term goals
held by the families of different
cultures
b) encourage family participation
c) consult with professionals in the
school
d) all of the above
Teachers:
a) should know everything about each
learning disability and how to
d
(p.96,
para. 1)
e
(p. 88-89
para. 3
e
(p. 89,
para. 2)
d
(p.98,
para. 2)
b
(p. 99,
para. 1)
7
Traditional Approaches
(98)
Controversial Approaches
(113)
CLASSROOM
ADAPTATIONS FOR
STUDENTS WITH
LEARNING DISABILTIES
(114)
Academic and Language
Problems (114)
Social-Emotional Problems
(116)
manage it in the classroom
b) should be able to inform parents
objectively about relevant resources
c) should tell the parents how to raise
their child
Various treatment approaches for students
with learning disabilities:
a) also benefit typically achieving
students
b) are only relevant for students with
an identified learning disability
c) are out of date, and not practical.
When a parent approaches a teacher with a
“quick cure” for the learning disability, the
teacher should:
a) do whatever the parent wants
b) examine research about the “quick
cure” and consider the source and
relevant scientific basis
c) use the student as an experiment to
test the “quick cure” theory.
When the teacher uses adaptations during
testing:
a) it is unfair to the other students
b) it ensures that the characteristic of
the learning disability (such as
distractibility) does not result in a
lower score
c) it makes the student think they are
smarter than they really are
d) it may encourage the student to
have unrealistic goals
Possible adaptations for language problems
include:
a) using audiotapes of the text
b) providing examples on how to
complete the work
c) reading test material to the student
so they can process the information
aurally instead of just reading it
d) decrease the amount of homework
e) all of the above
f) a, b & c
The teacher can accommodate a student
who has identified social and emotional
a
(p. 99,
para. 1)
b
(p.113,
para. 5)
b
(p. 114,
para. 3)
e
(p.115)
b
(p. 117,
8
problems by:
a) isolating them in a private work area
b) creating group experiences that
foster co-operative learning
c) making sarcastic jokes about their
behavior
Cognitive Differences (117) Students have different abilities of
perception; to accommodate this teachers
can:
a) combine written & spoken
instructions
b) adapt the assessment criteria
c) model organization skills such as
notebook or calendar.
d) All of the above
e) a & c
PROMOTING A SENSE OF
To create a classroom community of
COMMUNITY AND SOCAIL acceptance, the teacher should:
ACCEPTANCE (118)
a) make children aware that all people
are different
b) present information visually,
auditorially and through
demonstration to address each
student’s preferred learning style
c) use co-operative instructional
groupings and peer tutoring to vary
modes of instruction
d) all of the above
e) b & c
para. 12)
Heading
Question
Answer
INTRODUCTION (85)
People who have learning disabilities
e) always have a visible trait that
identifies their disability
f) perform poorly in all areas of
development and assessment
g) are not trying hard enough
h) have a dysfunction in the central
nervous system
The definition of learning disability does
not include:
e) dyslexia
f) brain injury
g) hearing loss
d
(p. 86,
para. 4)
BASIC CONCEPTS ABOUT
LEARNING DISABILITIES
(86)
Learning Disabilities
Defined (86)
d
(p.117118,
para. 43)
d
(p. 118119,
para. 7)
c
(p.87,
para. 2)
9
Prevalence and Causes of
Learning Disabilities (88)
Characteristics of Students
with Learning Disabilities
(89)
Identification, Assessment
and Eligibility (94)
CULTURAL AND
LINGUISTIC DIVERSTIY
(97)
STRATEGIES FOR
CURRICULUM AND
INSTRUCTION (98)
h) developmental aphasia
Which of the following situations can
potentially cause a learning disability
f) genetic and hereditary influences
g) fetal exposure to drugs and alcohol
h) trauma during birth including
prematurity
i) malnutrition
j) all of the above
Learning disabilities include:
f) deficits in academic achievement
g) difficulties with social interaction
h) hyperactivity
i) a & b
j) a, b, c
In order for a teacher to properly identify
learning disabilities, the teacher must:
f) document the students strengths as
well as areas of need
g) refer to the school psychologist or
school team
h) research the internet for possible
diagnosis
i) a & b
j) all of the above
When a student is determined eligible for
special education services, the process of
designing and implementing an appropriate
education plan means the teacher must:
e) know the short and long term goals
held by the families of different
cultures
f) encourage family participation
g) consult with professionals in the
school
h) all of the above
Teachers:
d) should know everything about each
learning disability and how to
manage it in the classroom
e) should be able to inform parents
objectively about relevant resources
f) should tell the parents how to raise
their child
e
(p. 88-89
para. 3
e
(p. 89,
para. 2)
d
(p.96,
para. 1)
d
(p.98,
para. 2)
b
(p. 99,
para. 1)
10
Traditional Approaches
(98)
Controversial Approaches
(113)
CLASSROOM
ADAPTATIONS FOR
STUDENTS WITH
LEARNING DISABILTIES
(114)
Academic and Language
Problems (114)
Social-Emotional Problems
(116)
Various treatment approaches for students
with learning disabilities:
d) also benefit typically achieving
students
e) are only relevant for students with
an identified learning disability
f) are out of date, and not practical.
When a parent approaches a teacher with a
“quick cure” for the learning disability, the
teacher should:
d) do whatever the parent wants
e) examine research about the “quick
cure” and consider the source and
relevant scientific basis
f) use the student as an experiment to
test the “quick cure” theory.
When the teacher uses adaptations during
testing:
e) it is unfair to the other students
f) it ensures that the characteristic of
the learning disability (such as
distractibility) does not result in a
lower score
g) it makes the student think they are
smarter than they really are
h) it may encourage the student to
have unrealistic goals
Possible adaptations for language problems
include:
g) using audiotapes of the text
h) providing examples on how to
complete the work
i) reading test material to the student
so they can process the information
aurally instead of just reading it
j) decrease the amount of homework
k) all of the above
l) a, b & c
The teacher can accommodate a student
who has identified social and emotional
problems by:
d) isolating them in a private work area
e) creating group experiences that
foster co-operative learning
f) making sarcastic jokes about their
behavior
a
(p. 99,
para. 1)
b
(p.113,
para. 5)
b
(p. 114,
para. 3)
e
(p.115)
b
(p. 117,
para. 12)
11
Cognitive Differences (117) Students have different abilities of
perception; to accommodate this teachers
can:
f) combine written & spoken
instructions
g) adapt the assessment criteria
h) model organization skills such as
notebook or calendar.
i) All of the above
j) a & c
PROMOTING A SENSE OF
To create a classroom community of
COMMUNITY AND SOCAIL acceptance, the teacher should:
ACCEPTANCE (118)
f) make children aware that all people
are different
g) present information visually,
auditorially and through
demonstration to address each
student’s preferred learning style
h) use co-operative instructional
groupings and peer tutoring to vary
modes of instruction
i) all of the above
j) b & c
d
(p.117118,
para. 43)
d
(p. 118119,
para. 7)
12