DATA BASE OF HISTORIC MONUMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
FOR THE PURPOSE OF DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING
OF RESTAURATION WORKS
Bonawentura Maciej Pawlicki
The Cracow University of Technology
pawlicki@usk.pk.edu.pl
Davorin Kereković
Croatian GIS Forum Secretary
davorin.kerekovic@zg.t-com.hr
THE AIMS OF PROJECT
The Database of Architectural Monuments is the system witch is being realized within
the confines of research project Grant no. (5 T07F 001 23) entitled "Monitoring of historical
monuments preservation, with the use of contemporary computer systems" in Division of
History of Architecture and Monument Preservation Institute of History of Architecture and
Monument Preservation Faculty of Architecture Cracow University of Technology in
cooperation with Section of Information Technology Institute of Computing Science Cracow
University of Technology. Research has been done under Ph. D. Professor arch. Bonawentura
Maciej Pawlicki and Ph. D. Mieczysław Drabowski guidance.
The aim of the research is to make multimedia system concerning monuments, which
would be put in practice in preservation works, with aid of taking decisions and in making
information available for professionals and wide range of users as well. The system should
store and enable efficient searching out of data concerning monuments, estimating dangers
and gaining reports about its actual state. The project should also be useful during teaching, in
the field of history of architecture and monuments preservation, making it possible to create
questionnaires for selected objects.
1.
CONTEXT SEARCHING
Context access to the database of historic monuments of architecture means selecting a
specific object from the list of all monuments available in the base. Displaying the list of
monuments is possible by selecting the option CONTEXT SEARCHING from the menu of
the top module HISTORIC MONUMENTS. The illustration of this access is presented in
(fig.1).
fig.1
2.
GIS SEARCHING
GIS SEARCHING is a different form of access to the data. It is based on maps and
plans, as well as on the monuments located on them. After selecting the option GIS
Searching, the appropriate form is displayed (fig. 2).
This module makes it possible to browse maps through sliding and scaling them (fig. 3). The
map may be slid with the use of the triangular buttons from the side menu on the right, and
the round button in the middle causes the map to come back to its original (default) position.
On the right side there are also three buttons: -, 100% and +. They are used for scaling the
map: (+) for closing up, (-) for moving further away, while 100% sets the map scale in the
default position. The scroll bar SENSITIVITY situated below allows the user to select the
precision of sliding and scaling (to the right – more precisely, to the left – less precisely).
.
fig. 2, 3.
On the left side there is a menu offering the selection of the map (or plan) type which
is to be displayed on the screen. The user may choose: a geodetic map (the icon of a plane), a
cartographic map (the icon of buildings) and a plan of the Main Market Square in Kraków
area (the icon showing the outline of the Square). They are not only of different types but also
of different scale. The plan of the Square area is of the smallest scale. The geodetic map is
presented in figures 1 and 2. The cartographic map of a part of the city is shown in the next
window (fig. 4).
fig. 4.
The cartographic map of a part of the city is shown in the next window (fig. 4). The
next figure shows the plan of the Main Market Square area (fig. 5). The red dots on the plan
of the Square area represent monuments. When the user places the mouse cursor on a selected
dot, the name, address and a photo of the monument will appear in the right-hand bottom
corner of the screen (fig. 6).
fig. 5, 6.
A click on the selected monument will display a report on it from the base.
3.
REPORTS ON THE MONUMENTS OF HISTORIC VALUE
From the module Historic Monuments, the user may gain access to three reports
containing various information on each object in the Base, through the inventory of historic
monuments or through GIS searching.
REPORT ON AN OBJECT OF HISTORIC VALUE
The report on an object of historic value is the most concise identification of an object,
which gives only the basic details. It contains the following information: the basic data,
address, identificators, owners (in chronological order), as well as selected visual
documentation (4 photographs, sketches or location maps) which best characterizes the given
object.
THE HISTORIC OBJECT CARD
The button DETAILS displays the Historic Object Card, i. e. a full report with all the
data on a given historic object collected in the base. The data comprise: the basic information,
the addresses of the object, identificators, academic and historic value, the authors of the
work, the builders, owners, users, investors, the state of preservation, realization stages,
inspections, bibliography, events, photographic documentation and the status of the record.
The presentation of a part of the report is to be seen on the graphic chart (fig. 7).
fig. 7, 8.
At the bottom of the site there is a cluster of buttons thanks to which the user may
quickly go to the selected section of the report. At the bottom of the site the buttons have been
repeated (it has not been shown in the part of the report (fig. 8). At the bottom of the site is the
button CLOSE which closes the report and gets the user back to the list of monuments. The
button REFRESH allows the user to refresh the data on a monument, since it may happen that
while one user is browsing the data, another one is modifying them. Refreshing the data will
cause displaying the latest data selected from the database. The button PRINT prints the
whole report. The status of the record contains information on who and when inserted the data
on the object, whether the object is superior in the hierarchy, as well as its status (present or
withdrawn). Clicking the MINIATURE of the selected image from the list displays its fullsize version (fig. 9).
fig. 9.
THE HISTORIC OBJECT CARD – SHORT VERSION
The button SUMMARY on the right side of each item on the list of historic objects
displays a short version of the historic object card. It is meant for the users who are not fully
authorized to view the data. This report contains only limited information, which is not
classified. The following details are displayed: the basic information, addresses,
identificators, the authors of the work, builders, bibliography, visual documentation and the
status of the record. The form of this report is the same as in the case of the full historic object
card.
This publication aims at development and activation of the database for the purpose of
further studies and restoration projects pertaining to the Cracow historic buildings complex.
The base application has taken into account the latest research on the space organization and
arrangement of houses of the 1st and 2nd stage in the area of the oldest settlement (“Okol”)
situated at the foot of the Wawel Hill, from the period prior to the Great Chartering of
Krakow in 1257. It presents the buildings situated in Kanonicza Street, inter alia: The
Długosz House, (25 Kanonicza st.), the Bishop Erazm Ciołek Palace (17 Kanonicza st.),
Collegium Iuridicum (25 Grodzka st.), Wit Stwosz House (39 Grodzka st.). (fig. 10-38). The
works on the development of the Data Base were presented in the doctoral dissertation by
arch. Waldemar Niewalda Research and Restoration Problems in Krakow in the Area of the
Former Okol executed under my supervision at the Cracow University of Technology in
2003.
To this purpose the most important source records (cartographic, plannistic,
iconographic) and photographs collections, presenting the transformations of the urban
complexes and individual architectural objects were scanned. The pre-prepared materials were
then selected and processed in order to use them in the appropriate format in the illustrative
part of the work. The source materials in the form of table specifications and graphic files also
serve the needs of collecting data for organizing, cataloguing and research reporting, as well
as for taking restoration decisions. They are also important in the theoretical dimension for
shaping the principles of conservationist preservation. The Data Base contains graphic and
text information on the recovered architectural details from the of late Romanesque and
Gothic periods. It makes it possible to compare the objects found during the works in the
bishop Erazm Ciołek palace with architectural details found in other parts of Krakow, which
will contribute to the studies on the earliest history of the historic complex architectural
structures, as well as help the organization of an archaeological and architectural detail
lapidarium (Fig. 39 – 46).
The Data Base application has been installed on the Cracow University of Technology
Riad server. http://riad.usk.pk.edu.pl/~pawlicki/bdzarch/baza/index.html
Bibliography:
1. Pawlicki M., 3D computer model of the Cracow Old-Town its state and requirements
for recording of historical structures in Poland. In: Spatial information management in
the new Millennium. Editors: Szpor G., Kereković D., Katowice 1999, pp. 255-257.
2. Pawlicki M.B., Kształt zespołu zabytkowego i jego identyfikacja. (A Historic Complex
Shape and its identification studies in History of Architecture and Urbanism), In:
Studia z historii architektury i urbanistyki (Studies in History of Architecture and
Urbanism), Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 1999, pp. 217-231
3. Pawlicki B.M., Porównawcze metody rozpoznawania autentyzmu zabytków
architektury w procesie ich transformacji, (Comparative methods of recognizing of
authenticity of architectural monuments in the process of their transformation). In:
Dziedzictwo kulturowe fundamentem rozwoju cywilizacji, (Cultural heritage as
foundation of civilization development), Cracow 2000, pp. 257-267.
4. Pawlicki B. M., Czechowicz J., Drabowski M., Modern methods of Data Processing of
the Old Historical Structure for Need Polish System information of Monuments on
Example of Cracow in Cultural Heritage. In: GIS Polonia 2001, Warsaw University of
Technology, Warsaw 2001, CD.
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management of cultural heritage. In: GIS Odyssey 2002, Geographical Information
Systems, Int. Conference and Exhibition 2 – 6. IX. 2002, Split, Solin, Trogir, Korčula,
Dubrownik, (Chorwacja), Zagreb 2002, pp. 330 – 344.
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obiektów zabytkowych (Diagnosis and Monitoring of Historic Objects), (Cinference
Papers), Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 2003.
8. Pawlicki B. M., Drabowski M., Karpisz D., Active Database for Estimating
Conditions of Historical Objects for Conservator’s Purposes. In: Inżynieria wiedzy i
systemy ekspertowe, (Engineering of knowledge and expert systems), Wrocław 2003,
pp. 449 – 455.
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Database of Historical Monuments The New Approach. In: Geographical Information
Systems Interdisciplinary Aspects, Sosnowiec - Zagreb 2003, s. 439- 451.
10. Pawlicki B. M., Kerekowić D., BIS (Building Information System) Machine. In:
Quick Reference Guide, Int. Conference and Exhibition GIS SILESIA 2003,
Sosnowiec 2003, p. 21.
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(Cultural Space Visualisation), (Graphical materials). In: Quick Reference Guide, Int.
Conference and Exhibition GIS SILESIA 2003, pp. 81-82, Sosnowiec 2003.
12. Pawlicki B. M., Czechowicz J., Trójwymiarowy model fotogrametryczny rzeźby św.
Franciszka w Kopalni Soli w Wieliczce, (3D photogrametric model of the s. Francis
sculpture in Wieliczka Salt Mine), Int. Scientific Seminary, „Present technology in
reconstruction historical monuments”, Wieliczka, 27. VIII. 2003.
13. Pawlicki B. M., Nowe projekty dokumentacji zabytków dla potrzeb ochrony
dziedzictwa kulturowego w Polsce, (The New Projects monuments documentation for
education and cultural heritage in Poland), International Scientific Seminary
„Europejskie wymiary ochrony dziedzictwa kultury”, Gniezno, 5-6. XII. 2003.
14. Pawlicki B. M., Nowe technologie w rozpoznawaniu, diagnostyce i monitorowaniu
zabytków, (The New Technologies for recognition, diagnostics and monitoring of
Historical Monuments). In: „Dziedzictwo kultury wobec zagrożeń wojny i pokoju”,
Warsaw 2004, pp. 118-124.
15. „Monitoring stanu zachowania obiektów zabytkowych przy wykorzystaniu
współczesnych systemów informatycznych”, (The Monitoring of historical
monuments preservation, with the use of contemporary computer systems). (final
report), editors: B. M. Pawlicki, Cracow 2004, pp. 1-118.
Appendix 1.Main Page and Monument Data Base
Appendix 2.Rewiew of object use
Appendix 3.Owners
Appendix 4.Photo documentation
Appendix 5.Renovation drawings
.
Appendix 6. Reconstruction sub-projects
Appendix 7.Lay out of main square in Cracow
Appendix 8.Street and parcel lay out
.
Appendix 9.The short history of owners
Appendix 10.Graphic documentation and object use history
Appendix11. Photo documentation