GMS Flagship Initiative
FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Objective
Prevent, mitigate or minimize social and economic losses due to floods, through a
combination of sustainable resource management actions and floodplains
management measures, such as strategic planning, including land use planning,
structural measures and strengthening institutional capacities to respond to and
prepare for floods and to finance the construction of such structures that will prevent
floods and minimize damage to people, settlements, and development efforts.
Participating Countries
Cambodia and Viet Nam for loan projects; four Lower Mekong Basin GMS countries
for technical assistance.
Programs and Projects
Formulation of Mekong River Programme for Flood Management and Mitigation
(FMM, Component A)
2. Selected activities for flood management and mitigration in the Lower Mekong
Basin (FMM, Component B)
3. Integrated Flood Management and Mitigation Project (FMM)
4. Viet Nam: water resource development
5. Cambodia: water resource development
6. Human resources development on remote sensing
7. Provision of hydrometeorological equipment
8. Flood forecasting and flood mapping
9. Provision of television weather presentation system
10. Improvement of survey and forecast system
11. Erosion protection measure in Lower Mekong River Bank
12. Flood control infrastructure in Lower Mekong River Basin
1.
Program/Project
1
2
Description, Scope and Status
Formulation of Mekong River Commission (MRC)
Programme for Flood Management and Mitigation
(Component A)
Formulation of programme The program is the result of a
based on 12 fields of
regional workshop held in
intervention, clustered into October 2001 in Phnom Penh,
bankable components for
attended by representatives of
the short-, medium- and
four member countries and
long-term.
regional organizations, which
discussed the Mekong River
Commission (MRC) Flood
Management and Mitigation
Assessment of capacity of (FMM) strategy. A concrete
MRC Secretariat (MRCS)
action of the workshop is a
and line agencies in GMS
request for the MRC Secretariat
countries. Coordination with to formulate a detailed
other MRC programmes.
programme for implementation.
Selected Activities for Flood Management and Mitigation
(FMM) in the Lower Mekong Basin (Component B)
Subcomponents
a Emergency response and
The project provides training to
recovery, capacity building emergency managers in
and technology transfer
forecasting information,
geographic information systems
(GIS) analysis, and database
management–technical services
available from the Mekong River
Commission Secretariat
(MRCS). Through stakeholder
analysis, consultative interviews
and workshops, potential
cooperator groups have also
been identified, among them, the
Asian Disaster Preparedness
Center (ADPC), CARE
International, Oxfam-UK, UNDP,
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
Mekong River
Commission
Secretariat
(MRCS),
National
Mekong
Committees
(NMCs) and
line agencies of
the government
in GMS
countries
six months
starting Feb
2002.
MRCS and
other potential
cooperators
such as ADPC,
CARE
International,
Oxfam-UK,
UNDP, UNDMT
2002
Issues and
Constraints
Flood management and
mitigation is a
comprehensive task
requiring close partnerships
with other organizations,
including donor agencies
and civil society.
The alleviation of people’s
suffering from floods should
not stand in the way of
harnessing environmental
benefits from floods.
While extensive regional
networks exist for capacity
building for emergency
management, there is need
to increase bridging effort to
enable national emergency
management teams to use
technologies and enhance
their roles as emergency
managers.
GMS Flagship Initiative
FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
Description, Scope and Status
and the UN Disaster
Management Team (UN DMT).
b Capacity Building for Flood This component prepares
Hazard Mapping
mapping activities and data
collection before the 2002 flood
season. Assessment of human
capacity to prepare for floods
and availability of data will be
followed by training in data
collection/ interpretation, and
production of GIS-based flood
hazard maps.
c Annual Flood Management Three-day meeting discusses
and Mitigation (FMM)
lessons from previous flood
meeting
season, identifies gaps/ future
challenges, and works to
strengthen coordination among
countries and international
agencies. One day of the annual
meeting is devoted to plenary,
one day to a workshop, and the
final day to presentations of
workshop reports/
recommendations.
d Continuing Improvement in Project includes improvement in
MRC Flood Forecasting and real time data transmission
Early Warning System
system and rainfall forecasting,
(FFEWS)
staff training, development of
web page, and linking flood
forecasts with flood hazard
mapping. MRC flood forecasting
and early warning system
(FFEWS) was established three
decades ago. Flood experiences
in 2001 reflect the growing
demand for forecast information
and the high expectations for
accuracy. Flood forecasts were
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
Issues and
Constraints
MRCS
Assessment,
early 2002;
training midyear
2002
Training program is primarily
designed for the national
agency; representatives,
and provincial and district
personnel have limited
participation.
MRCS
Annual FMM
meeting was
proposed for
May 2002.
There was short lead time to
prepare and adequately sum
up and document lessons
from the previous flood
season.
MRCS
Feb 2001 to July Whether efforts to build new
2002
and powerful user-oriented
forecasting models can be
sustained is an issue.
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FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
Description, Scope and Status
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
1.0
ADB
bilateral sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
Issues and
Constraints
broadcast for the first time in the
MRC website in 2001.
Improvement in the accuracy of
forecast has been noted with
inclusion of data from the US
Geological Survey (USGS) and
the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA).
3
Integrated Flood Management and Mitigation Project (FMM)
Components
a Project Preparatory
The Integrated Flood
Technical Assistance
Management and Mitigation
(PPTA)
(FMM) project aims to build
capacity for flood management
and control through land use
planning and development
control, flood emergency
management and construction of
flood mitigation structures.
Project preparatory technical
assistance will form the basis for
project design for a possible
investment loan for flood
mitigation and control. This is
included in ADB’s technical
assistance pipeline to the GMS
in 2004, as well as in its Country
Strategy Program (CSP)
technical assistance pipeline to
Viet Nam, also in 2004.
MRC
2004-2005
The GMS Program
addresses protection of the
environment and
sustainable use of shared
natural resources as areas
of assistance. The Country
Strategy Program for Viet
Nam echoes natural
resources management as a
subregional priority concern.
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FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
b Flood Management and
Mitigation Loan Project.
Potential project
components include:
 land use planning in GMS
countries, to ensure that
people and valuable
activities are kept out of
hazardous floodplains;
 flood control and
mitigation structures in
urban and settlement
areas;
 institutional capacity
building for flood
preparedness and
emergency management.
4
Description, Scope and Status
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
The project is not yet included in
30.0
ADB/
MRC, disaster
the ADB loan pipeline to the
(15.0 each bilateral sources coordination
GMS in 2003-2005. Scope of the for Cambodia
agencies in
project will be determined by the
and Viet
GMS countries
FMM program.
Nam)
Viet Nam: Water Resource Sector Development
a Phuc Hoa Water Resources The project aims to:
Loan Project
a) develop the water resources
of Song Be River for
Project components and
increased agricultural
outputs:
production;
b) safeguard bulk water for Ho
 basin transfer;
Chi Minh City, control saline
 irrigation development;
intrusion and provide social,
 institutional support for
economic and environmental
system management,
benefits.
agricultural extension,
resettlement;
The project is included in ADB’s
 social support for
Country Strategy Program firm
disadvantaged groups,
loan pipeline to Viet Nam in
and
2003.
 environmental
management.
2005-2007
Issues and
Constraints
Over the long term the
project faces the issue of
sustainability of efforts in
flood mapping, GIS, remote
sensing, land use and other
data requirements to ensure
continuity of flood control
and management efforts.
Low levels of development
serve as obstacles to
effective enforcement of
land use plan for flood-prone
areas. Large investments
are needed to cover wide
areas for forecasting and
warning, since
communication and
technological infrastructure
are largely undeveloped in
most affected areas.
155.0
(ADB ADF85.0)
ADB/
government
cofinancing
Viet Nam
Ministry of
Agriculture and
Rural
Development
2003-2007
Proper design and
implementation of the
resettlement action plan
must consider the concerns
of disadvantaged groups.
There is need to ensure that
downstream releases are
adequate to mitigate the
environmental impact of
basin transfer.
GMS Flagship Initiative
FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
Description, Scope and Status
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
Water resource development
and management is regarded by
the government as key to growth
in Viet Nam. Poverty reduction
Components include:
through water resources
development is thus a high
 irrigation and
priority of the Viet Nam
development,
government, particularly for the
 institutional support for
system management and rural areas of Viet Nam’s Central
Region.
agricultural extension,
170.0
ADB ADF
90.0
ADB,
Government of
Viet Nam and
cofinanciers
Viet Nam
Ministry of
Agriculture and
Rural
Development
b Central Region Water
Resource Sector Loan
Project.
Other possible components
will be decided upon by the
findings of project
preparatory technical
assistance.
The project will develop water
resources and promote
improved management practices
to increase and protect incomes
and livelihoods of people in the
poorest provinces of Viet Nam’s
Central Region. The project is
included in ADB’s Country
Strategy Program standby loan
pipeline to Viet Nam in 2003,
and in firm ADB loan pipeline to
Viet Nam in 2004.
2004-2010
Issues and
Constraints
There is need to ensure
adequate social assessment
of the project, including
sensitive consideration for
the ethnic minorities of the
Central Region.
Design and management of
the project should therefore
ensure adequate ethnic
minority participation.
GMS Flagship Initiative
FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
Description, Scope and Status
c Project Preparatory
Technical Assistance
(PPTA) –Second Central
Region Water Resources
Sector Project
Project will follow and build upon
the 2003 Central Region Water
Resource Sector Project to
develop and manage the water
resources of Viet Nam’s Central
Region. While small-scale waterComponents may include: related investment can be
provided under community
 irrigation schemes,
livelihood projects, larger scale
 flood control structures,
interventions are better planned
and
 power generation through and implemented using a sector
perspective. This PPTA
cofinancing.
addresses these large-scale
needs, complementing
investment in the other sectors
supported by ADB in the Central
Region.
5
6
This is included in ADB’s CSP
firm technical assistance pipeline
to Viet Nam in 2005.
Cambodia: Water Resources Sector Development
Project Preparatory
PPTA will study mechanisms to
Technical Assistance
improve water resource
(PPTA)
management practices and
determine the viability of
irrigation and flood control
structures and schemes. This
assistance is included in ADB’s
Country Strategy Program firm
technical assistance pipeline to
Cambodia in 2004.
Human Resources Development on Remote Sensing
The project aims to improve staff
knowledge in the field of remote
sensing (R/S) and geographic
information systems (GIS) and
share and exchange
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
1.0
ADB-Japan
Special Fund
(JSF)
Viet Nam
Ministry of
Agriculture and
Rural
Development
2005-2006
Issues and
Constraints
While no major social and
environmental concerns
have thus far been
identified, social and
environmental assessments
will be conducted in the
course of project
preparation, and if
necessary, addressed in
project design. Special
attention will be given to
ethnic minority issues.
The project is expected to
produce synergies with
other investments planned
in region.
0.8
0.2
ADB
TBD
Grants
Department of
Irrigation,
Ministry of
Agriculture
2004-2005
one year
There is need to carefully
study resettlement issues,
fish spawning cycles, and
other biodiversity impacts of
the project.
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FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
7
Description, Scope and Status
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
0.1
Grants
Department of
Meteorology
and Hydrology
(DMH)
one year
0.2
Grants
Department of
Meteorology
and Hydrology
one year
0.1
Grants
Department of
Meteorology
and Hydrology
six months
1.3
Project type:
Technical
Cooperation,
Japan
International
Cooperation
Agency (JICA)
Department of
Meteorology,
Ministry of
Water
Resources and
Meteorology
three years
2.0
Project seeks
donors
Departments of
Engineering
and Hydrology
and River
Works, Ministry
2003
experiences on R/S and GIS
with ASEAN member countries.
Project was initially designed for
Lao PDR, but staff of the
Mekong riparian countries may
participate in project activities.
Provision of Hydrometeorological Equipment
The project will improve the
hydrometeorological network
and is in the financial sourcing
phase.
8
Flood Forecasting and Flood Mapping
The project will improve quality
of forecasts and flood mapping.
Project is in the financial
sourcing phase.
9
Provision of Television Weather Presentation System
Project will improve the technical
capability of the Department of
Meteorology and Hydrology to
disseminate information on
weather and flood forecasts on
time. Project is in the financial
sourcing phase.
1 0 Improvement of Survey and Forecast System
Components: improvement The project’s first phase is
of existing meteorological ongoing. Improvement of central
facilities, equipment, and
meteorology involves selection
capacity to provide weather of important stations in terms of
information and forecasting. improvement of capacity and
installation of new equipment.
1 1 Erosion Protection Measure in Lower Mekong River Bank
Construction of major river- PPTA includes a pure advisory
bank protection, and
component designed to build on
stabilization in important
the work of the current
towns and cities of the
Emergency Flood Rehabilitation
Lower Mekong River Bank Project consultant team, and
Issues and
Constraints
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FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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Program/Project
Description, Scope and Status
technical assistance as part of
the North-West Irrigation Sector
Project. Project is in financial
sourcing phase.
1 2 Flood Control Infrastructure in Lower Mekong River Basin
PPTA will include a pure
The project will construct flood
advisory component
control projects and rehabilitate
designed to build on the
existing ones and, where
work of the current
necessary, build additional
emergency rehabilitation
dikes to protect rural agricultural
project consultant team of
communities and population in
both ADB and the World
the Lower Mekong River Basin
Bank.
from floods, which almost
annually cause loss of lives and
social disruption. Project is in
financial sourcing phase.
Estimated
Cost
(US$M)
Financing
Plan/Sources
or Potential
Sources
Implementing Implementation
Agencies
Schedule
Issues and
Constraints
of Water Resources and
Meteorology
2.0
Project seeks
donors.
Ministry of
Water
Resources and
Meteorology
2003
Assessment is needed of
flood river and channel
capacity across the borders
of Cambodia and Viet Nam.
Over the short-term, the
project may need to look at
strengthening existing
infrastructure; and in the
medium term, plan for new
construction of flood control
dikes for areas generally
affected by wet season
flooding–mainly in Prey
Veng, Kandal, Takeo
Kompong Speu and Svay
Rieng Province.