BIOL 101 SI 10/2 and 10/3
Radioisotopes assist in dating ______________
K40 gradually decays into ______________. What is the half-life? ______________
What kind of rocks can be dated most reliably? _________________
What are the three essential properties that define life?
1.
2.
3.
What signifies being “alive?” (minimal requirements)
1.
2.
3.
RNA has both genotypic and ____________ functions.
The theory about RNA assumes that RNA was capable of ______________.
Miller and ___________ Theory discovered 10 amino acids used in proteins and _______
that are not used in proteins.
Three major hurdles to creating synthetic life:
1. A container or a ___________ for the cell to keep bad molecules _________ and
allow good ones _______.
2. A __________ system that controls the functions of the __________, enabling it
to reproduce and _____________.
3. A ___________ that extracts raw materials from the ______________.
T or F The existence of life probably happened numerous times before one reaction stuck
and developed further.
Can we provide an answer as to why life originated?
T or F Eukaryotes and prokaryotes do not differ.
___________ have their DNA contained within a membrane.
___________ have their DNA loose in the cell cytoplasm
Prokaryotes have no internal _____________ of the cell but almost all _____________
have organelles as well as a nucleus.
___________ are organelles that perform photosynthesis inside the cell generating food
molecules and releasing oxygen.
Mitochondria contain respiratory ___________ of the cell. They generate ________ as
they break food molecules down to water and __________.
Eukaryotes can perform __________ reproduction.
The _____________ of eukaryotic cells allow them to engulf large particles.
Eukaryotes duplicate their DNA by means of ____________, whereas prokaryotes
simply split their cells.
T or F Life began with a prokaryote
______________ is a relationship in which two different organisms live together.
T or F With symbiosis, the two different organisms never benefit from the arrangement.
______________ is where one organism lives inside its partner.
T or F Mitochondria, plastids, and flagella were once free living bacteria that became
closely associated with a host prokaryote and ultimately became organelles.
T or F The DNA in mitochondria and plastids is not like the DNA in the eukaryotic cell.
T or F The mitochondria and plastids are not separated from the rest of the eukaryotic cell
by membranes.
T or F Plastids, mitochondria, and prokaryotes make proteins by similar biochemical
pathways compared to that of eukaryotes.
T or F Mitochondria and plastids can multiply only by dividing.
The host eukaryan and the bacteria eventually came to a __________ relationship when
they established __________ population control.
T or F The engulfed mitochondria provided the cell with new and larger forms of energy.
Prokaryotes reproduce via ____________.
Did the origin of multicellularity occur more than once? How do you know?
What are the innovations/requirements of multicellular organisms?
1.
2.
3.
What are the four synapomorphies of animals
1.
2.
3.
4.
How did animals originate?
1.
2.
What are the two forms of symmetry?
1.
2.
Which form was most likely the first?