Chapter 26: Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and
Reproductive Systems
Below you will find answers to the "Review" study
questions found at the end of this chapter in Microbiology:
An Introduction, 7th edition.
1. Organs of the upper urinary tract are sterile. The
resident microbiota of the urethra are
Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Mycobacterium,
Neisseria, and some enterobacteria.
2. Normal microbiota of the male genital system is the
same as that of the urinary tract. During
reproductive years, lactobacilli predominate in the
vagina.
3. Urinary tract infections may be transmitted by
improper personal hygiene and contamination
during medical procedures. They are often caused
by opportunistic pathogens.
4. The proximity of the anus to the urethra and the
relatively short length of the urethra can allow
contamination of the urinary bladder in females.
Predisposing factors for cystitis in females are
gastrointestinal infections and vaginal and urinary
tract infections.
5. Escherichia coli causes about 75% of the cases.
From lower urinary tract or systemic infections.
6.
Disease
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Gardnerella Fishy odor
Odor, pH, clue
cells
Gonorrhea Painful urination
Isolation of
Neisseria
Syphilis
Chancre
FTA-ABS
PID
Abdominal pain
Culture of
pathogen
NGU
Urethritis
Absence of
Neisseria
LGV
Lesion, lymph
node
enlargement
Observation of
Chlamydia in cells
Chancroid
Swollen ulcer
Isolation of
Haemophilus
7.
8. Transmission-Water; enters via wounds.
Activities-Water contact; contact with animals or
rodent-infested places.
Etiology-Leptospira interrogans.
9. Symptoms: Burning sensation, vesicles, painful
urination.
Etiology: Herpes simplex type 2 (sometimes type
1). When the lesions are not present, the virus is
latent and noncommunicable.
10. Candida albicans: Severe itching; thick, yellow,
cheesy discharge.
Trichomonas vaginalis: Profuse yellow discharge
with disagreeable odor.
11.
Disease
Prevention of Congenital
Disease
Gonorrhea
Treatment of newborn's eyes
Syphilis
Prevention and treatment of
mother's disease
NGU
Treatment of newborn's eyes
Genital
herpes
Cesarean delivery during active
infection
12.
Below you will find answers to
the "Multiple-Choice" study
questions found at the end of
this chapter in Microbiology: An
Introduction, 7th edition.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
b
e
a
c
d
c
c
8. e
9. b
10. a
Note: The answers to the
Critical Thinking and Clinical
Applications questions are
available to instructors only,
and are found in the Instructor's
Manual.