Name:__________________________________________________Test Date: Wed., 12/3 or Thurs., 12/4
Cell Division Assessment Study Guide
Chromosomes are organized structures of DNA.
Three Types of Cell Division: Binary fission , Mitosis, Meiosis
Prokaryotic Cells (Bacterial Cells)
Binary fission
 a simple cell division in which one cell splits into two
identical cells
 Prokaryotic cells and single-celled organisms reproduce
by binary fission
Mitosis-occurs in body cells like nerve cells and blood cells
 Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one parent cell goes through simple cell
division to split and produces two identical “daughter cells”.
 Each of the new cells is identical to the parent cells and contains 46 chromosomes
in humans.
Meiosis: is the process in which one cell goes through two
divisions to become four separate sex cells
 Sperm and egg cells have half the amount
of chromosomes
Know the difference between mitosis and meiosis:
Kind of cell
made
Number of
cells made
Mitosis
body cell
2
Meiosis
sex cell (egg or
sperm)
4
Number of
chromosomes
made
same as original
(parent) cell
Half as many as
the original cell
Purpose of
cell
Growth and
Repair
Reproduction
Eukaryotic Cells (Plant and Animal Cells) Most eukaryotic cells go through a cell cycle.
The life cycle of a cell has three main stages, IMC: interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
Interphase (Stage 1)
In Interphase the chromosomes and other cell materials (organelles) are
copied. The nucleus is visible.
Mitosis (Stage 2)
 The starting cell is called the parent cell which divides to make two identical
daughter cells that have identical chromosomes.
 PMAT-Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
chromosomes
Phase 1: Prophase
Cell is PREPARING for division, chromosomes fully visible.
Phase 2: Metaphase
Chromosomes line up at the center MEET in the middle
Phase 3: Anaphase
Chromatids move APART
Phase 4: Telophase
Cell TEARS into two cells connected by cytoplasm
Cytokinesis (Stage 3)
Once mitosis is completed Cytokinesis occurs. Cytokinesis is the
process of splitting the cytoplasm forming two new daughter cells
with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
A plant cell forms a cell plate in cytokinesis.