BSc (Hons) Medical Imaging (Diagnostic Radiography)
PAM2006: Clinical Assessment
(Facial Bones, Skull)
Student:
Assessor:
2nd Assessor (if applicable):
Clinical Tutor:
Placement Site:
Date:
Time commenced:
Time completed:
Examination undertaken:
Projections undertaken:
1.
2.
3.
As facial bones / skull series (not intra-orbital foreign body examinations) can be
infrequent at certain sites, it may be necessary to permit the student to undertake
a simulated assessment i.e. by positioning a member of staff and irradiating a
skull phantom. The student should analyse the phantom images whilst
anonymous patient images should be used for the radiographic awareness
section.
This option should only be selected after discussion with the Placement Coordinator, and should be limited to either a skull or facial bones series (not IOFB).
A skull phantom can be borrowed from the School of Physics, University of
Exeter.
The current clinical assessment marking criteria published at
http://newton.ex.ac.uk/handbook/RadCAC.html
must be used when completing this document.
Page 1 of 10
The student is expected to provide a verbal commentary throughout the assessment to
demonstrate understanding of, and compliance with, safe and proficient practice.
Section 1. Exam Preparation
Undertaken?
Tasks
Prompt
No
Yes
THE IMAGING REQUEST
Check for Referrer’s signature and date
Stop
Explain the medical terminology and justify
examination under IR(ME)R
Stop
Discuss correctly the need for a pregnancy
check
Stop
Describe which projections are to be
undertaken
Stop
Consider previous images / reports, whether
a duplicate request etc
Stop
ROOM PREPARATION AND INFECTION CONTROL
Tidy the room in line with departmental
protocols
Clean the room in line with departmental
infection control protocols
Prepare equipment and accessories
Set provisional exposure factors, and explain
rationale for choice of exposure factors
PATIENT PREPARATION
Greet the patient
Obtain a positive identification
Stop
Check for pregnancy (as appropriate)
Stop / N/A
Correct patient preparation
Check area of interest with patient
Stop
Provide a clear explanation of procedure
Gain informed consent prior to undertaking
the examination
Stop
Mark for Section 1:
Maximum mark = 10
Page 2 of 10
Section 2: Radiographic Technique
(initial projections, not repeats)
Projection 1
Tasks
No
Patient positioning, including ensuring
stability, comfort and immobility
Stop
Positioning of image receptor (use of
associated equipment e.g. bucky, cassette
stand etc)
Stop
Handling of tube – centring and angling of
beam
Stop
Collimation (including proficiency &
appropriateness)
Stop
Correct anatomical marker(s) placed in an
appropriate place on the image receptor
Stop
Confirm or modify provisional exposure
Stop
Communication with the patient throughout
(including breathing instructions as
appropriate)
Stop
Radiation protection of self and staff (as
appropriate)
Stop
Section 2: Radiographic Technique
(initial projections, not repeats)
Prompt
Yes
Prompt
Yes
Projection 2
Tasks
No
Patient positioning, including ensuring
stability, comfort and immobility
Stop
Positioning of image receptor (use of
associated equipment e.g. bucky, cassette
stand etc)
Stop
Handling of tube – centring and angling of
beam
Stop
Collimation (including proficiency &
appropriateness)
Stop
Correct anatomical marker(s) placed in an
appropriate place on the image receptor
Stop
Confirm or modify provisional exposure
Stop
Communication with the patient throughout
(including breathing instructions as
appropriate)
Stop
Radiation protection of self and staff (as
appropriate)
Stop
Page 3 of 10
Section 2: Radiographic Technique
(initial projections, not repeats)
Projection 3
Tasks
No
Patient positioning, including ensuring
stability, comfort and immobility
Stop
Positioning of image receptor (use of
associated equipment e.g. bucky, cassette
stand etc)
Stop
Handling of tube – centring and angling of
beam
Stop
Collimation (including proficiency &
appropriateness)
Stop
Correct anatomical marker(s) placed in an
appropriate place on the image receptor
Stop
Confirm or modify provisional exposure
Stop
Communication with the patient throughout
(including breathing instructions as
appropriate)
Stop
Radiation protection of self and staff (as
appropriate)
Stop
Section 2: Radiographic Technique
(initial projections, not repeats)
Prompt
Yes
Prompt
Yes
Projection 4
Tasks
No
Patient positioning, including ensuring
stability, comfort and immobility
Stop
Positioning of image receptor (use of
associated equipment e.g. bucky, cassette
stand etc)
Stop
Handling of tube – centring and angling of
beam
Stop
Collimation (including proficiency &
appropriateness)
Stop
Correct anatomical marker(s) placed in an
appropriate place on the image receptor
Stop
Confirm or modify provisional exposure
Stop
Communication with the patient throughout
(including breathing instructions as
appropriate)
Stop
Radiation protection of self and staff (as
appropriate)
Stop
Page 4 of 10
Section 2: Radiographic
Technique (initial projections, not
repeats)
All Initial Projections
Total Mark Awarded for Section 2:
Maximum mark = 10
Section 3. Exam Completion
Undertaken?
Tasks
No
Prompt
Yes
PATIENT AFTERCARE AND RECORD KEEPING
Appropriate patient care provided during
the checking of the images
Appropriate aftercare provided
Correct information given (e.g. regarding
results etc)
Tidy room ready for next patient in line with
departmental protocol
Clean room ready for next patient in line
with departmental infection control
protocols
Dose Area Product reading / exposure
factors recorded
Stop
All radiology records / archiving / paper
work completed
Stop
Mark for Section 3:
Maximum mark = 10
Page 5 of 10
Section 4. Radiographic Awareness
Undertaken?
Tasks
No
Check for correct identification information
(patient name, date)
Prompt
Yes
Stop
Ensure that correct anatomical marker(s) are
clearly visible on final image (either primary or
added) before archiving
Stop
Correct identification of all bones
Correct identification of bony landmarks /
features on bones
Correct identification of all visible joints
Correct identification of all visible soft tissue
anatomy/associated structures
Correctly evaluate whether or not the required
anatomical features are included on the image
Correctly evaluate the patient position,
including suggestions for how positioning
could be improved (if appropriate)
Correctly discuss the exposure factors,
including evaluation of under- or overexposure on digital systems (e.g. ‘s-factor’)
Correct assessment of image sharpness
(including all three causes of image
unsharpness)
Correct assessment of collimation including
impact upon image quality & patient dose
Correct assessment of artefacts (including
identification of avoidable & unavoidable
artefacts)
Description of any abnormalities seen using
appropriate medical terminology
Correct assessment of overall diagnostic
quality including identification of the need to
repeat or undertake further projections
Mark for Section 4:
Maximum mark = 10
Page 6 of 10
Section 5. Assessor Evaluation of Conduct
Undertaken?
Required
prompting
Tasks
Intermittently
throughout the
assessment
Consistently
throughout the
assessment
PATIENT CARE AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT
Did the student act in the patient’s best
interests throughout the examination?
Did the student respect the confidentiality and
dignity of the patient at all times?
Did the student maintain proper and effective
communication with the patient throughout the
examination?
Did the student keep accurate patient
records?
Did the student deal fairly and safely with the
risks of infection?
Did the student carry out their duties in a
professional and ethical way?
Was the student’s conduct throughout the
entire examination such that they gained the
confidence of the patient?
Mark for Section 5:
Maximum mark = 10
Page 7 of 10
In your opinion, did the student produce images which were:
Unacceptable / Diagnostically Acceptable / Optimal ? (please circle as appropriate)
Please comment upon two or more aspects where you have indicated on the assessment form
that the student could improve for future practice:
1.
2.
Please comment upon two or more aspects where you have indicated on the assessment form
that the student has demonstrated a strength or strengths during the assessment:
1.
2.
Page 8 of 10
Marking Summary
Marks according to
criteria
Section 1: Exam Preparation
Maximum 10 marks
Section 2: Radiographic Technique
Maximum 10 marks
Section 3: Exam Completion
Maximum 10 marks
Section 4: Radiographic Awareness
Maximum 10 marks
Section 5: Assessor Evaluation of Conduct
Maximum 10 marks
Total Marks
Overall Total Marks
(maximum 50 marks)
(Pass mark = 20 marks)
Percentage:
Clinical Assessor’s Signature:
Date Clinical Assessor discussed feedback with Student:
Page 9 of 10
Student’s Reflective Comments:
Did any of the assessor’s comments surprise you? Where you expecting any of these
comments? How will you use these comments to develop your practical radiographic ability?
What did you gain from this experience?
What did you do well?
What could you have done better?
How will your future practice change as a result of this assessment?
Students signature:
Date:
Page 10 of 10