Base your answers to questions 44 through 46 on the map below.
The _ represents Mt. Hekla, a volcano in Iceland. The isolines
represent the thickness of ash, in centimeters, that settled on
Earth’s surface after a volcanic eruption of Mt. Hekla on
March 29, 1947. Point X is a location on the surface of the ash.
44 At the time of the eruption, the wind direction was primarily
from the
(1) east (3) north
(2) west (4) south
45 How many centimeters thick was the ash beneath point X?
(1) 0 (3) 20
(2) 15 (4) 25
46 In addition to the ash, solid rock formed on Mt. Hekla from the
lava extruded during this eruption. This rock is most likely
(1) light-colored metamorphic (3) fine-grained igneous
(2) dark-colored metamorphic (4) coarse-grained igneous
Base your answers to questions 13 and 14 on the weather map
13 Which city is most likely experiencing winds of
the greatest velocity?
(1) New York City (3) Poughkeepsie
(2) Binghamton (4) Scranton
14 Surface winds are most likely blowing from
(1) Danbury toward New York City
(2) Poughkeepsie toward Scranton
(3) Binghamton toward Danbury
(4) Port Jervis toward Binghamton
Base your answers to questions 52 and 53 on the cross section below, which represents part of the Atlantic
Ocean seafloor. An earthquake occurred on November 18, 1929, triggering an underwater sediment flow. The
location of the epicenter is labeled. Letters A through D indicate locations on the seafloor. Time, in hours, at
each lettered location represents the arrival of the sediment flow after the earthquake.
52 Calculate the gradient of the
ocean floor between locations
A and D and label your
answer with the correct units. [2]
53 Explain why the velocity of the sediment flow created by the earthquake decreased as
the sediment moved from location B to location C. [1]
The topographic map here shows a hill. Points X
and Y represent locations on the hill’s surface.
Elevations are shown in meters.
What is the gradient between points X and Y?
(1) 40 m/km (3) 100 m/km
(2) 80 m/km (4) 120 m/km
Base your answers to questions 41 through 44 on the topographic map below. Elevations are in feet. Points
A and B are locations on the map.
41 Toward which direction does the
Green River flow?
(1) northeast (3) southeast
(2) northwest (4) southwest
42 What is the gradient along the straight
line between points A and B?
(1) 10 ft/mi (3) 25 ft/mi
(2) 20 ft/mi (4) 35 ft/mi
43 Which graph best represents the profile along line AB?
44 What evidence can be used to
determine that the land surface in the
northeast corner of the map is
relatively flat?
(1) a rapidly flowing river
(2) the dark contour line labeled 300
(3) a large region covered by water
(4) the absence of many contour
lines
Base your answers to questions 51 and 52 on the diagrams below. The top diagram shows a depression and
hill on a gently sloping area. The bottom diagram is a topographic map of the same area. Points A, X, and Y are
locations on Earth’s surface. A dashed line connects points X and Y. Elevation is indicated in feet.
51 What is a possible elevation of point A? [1]
52 On the grid in your answer booklet, construct a topographic profile along line XY,
by plotting a point for the elevation of each contour line that crosses line XY. Points
X and Y have already been plotted on the grid. Connect the points with a smooth,
curved line to complete the profile. [2]