MEC_4805_sm_TableS1

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Table S1 A sample of published studies on extra-pair paternity (EPP) showing the range in the percentage of genotyped extra-pair
young (EPY) that were assigned a sire (% EPY sires), the percentage of all chicks that were EPY (% EPY) and the total number of
chicks sampled (n). Studies are listed in ascending order of % EPY that were assigned sires. The current study assigned sires to
98% of EPY (with 95% individual-level confidence), 28% EPY and n=2207 and therefore constitutes one of the largest
comprehensive paternity assignment yet achieved.
Species
Study
% EPY sires % EPY
n
Seaside sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus)
Hill & Post 2005
0
11
47
Common yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas)
Garvin et al. 2006
13
20
284
American redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)
Kappes et al. 2009
39
44
81
Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolour)
Bitton et al. 2007
42
35
216
Black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) -
Reudink et al. 2006
45
26
477
Pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca)
Lehtonen et al. 2009
47
4
857
Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolour)
Stapleton et al. 2007
49
47
502
American redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)
Reudink et al. 2009
49
33
135
Carolina chickadee (Poecile carolinensis) hybrids
Moustached warbler (Acrocephalus melanopogon)
Blomqvist et al. 2005
52
27
44
Blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)
Charmantier et al. 2004
52
18
1332
Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens)
Woolfenden et al. 2005
53
41
133
Black-throated blue warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) Webster et al. 2001
54
23
413
Coal tit (Periparus ater)
Schmoll et al. 2007
65
28
1945
Blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)
Foerster et al. 2003
72
16
2452
Scarlet rosefinch (Carpodacus erythrinus)
Albrecht et al. 200
73
18
266
Bluethroat (Luscinia s. svecica)
Fossøy et al. 2007
74
26
1032
Eastern kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus)
Dolan et al. 2007
79
47
264
Dusky warbler (Phylloscopus fuscatus)
Forstmeier et al. 2002
82
45
195
Reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus)
Bouwman et al. 2006
83
51
501
Common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas)
Whittingham & Dunn 2005
83
26
93
House wren (Troglodytes aedon)
Whittingham & Dunn 2005
88
10
584
Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)
Freeman-Gallant et al. 2005
92
47
411
Great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus)
Hasselquist et al. 1995
100
3
553
Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster)
Kleven et al. 2006
100
31
391
Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis)
Richardson et al. 2001
100
38
59
House martin (Delichon urbicum)
Whittingham & Lifjeld 1995
100
29
38
References
Albrecht T, Schnitzer J, Kreisinger J, Exnerova A, Bryja J, Munclinger P (2007)
Extrapair paternity and the opportunity for sexual selection in long-distant
migratory passerines. Behavioral Ecology, 18, 477-486.
Bitton PP, O'Brien EL, Dawson RD (2007) Plumage brightness and age predict
extrapair fertilization success of male tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor. Animal
Behaviour, 74, 1777-1784.
Blomqvist D, Fessl B, Hoi H, Kleindorfer S (2005) High frequency of extra-pair
fertilisations in the moustached warbler, a songbird with a variable breeding
system. Behaviour, 142, 1133-1148.
Bouwman KM, Burke T, Komdeur J (2006) How female reed buntings benefit from
extra-pair mating behaviour: testing hypotheses through patterns of paternity in
sequential broods. Molecular Ecology, 15, 2589-2600.
Charmantier A, Blondel J, Perret P, Lambrechts MM (2004) Do extra-pair paternities
provide genetic benefits for female blue tits Parus caeruleus? Journal of Avian
Biology, 35, 524-532.
Dolan AC, Murphy MT, Redmond LJ, Sexton K, Duffield D (2007) Extrapair paternity
and the opportunity for sexual selection in a socially monogamous passerine.
Behavioral Ecology, 18, 985-993.
Foerster K, Delhey K, Johnsen A, Lifjeld JT, Kempenaers B (2003) Females increase
offspring heterozygosity and fitness through extra-pair matings. Nature, 425,
714-717.
Forstmeier W, Kempenaers B, Meyer A, Leisler B (2002) A novel song parameter
correlates with extra-pair paternity and reflects male longevity. Proceedings of
the Royal Society of London, Series B, 269, 1479-1485.
Fossøy F, Johnsen A, Lifjeld JT (2007) Multiple genetic benefits of female
promiscuity in a socially monogamous passerine. Evolution, 62, 145-156.
Freeman-Gallant CR, Wheelwright NT, Meiklejohn KE, States SL, Sollecito SV
(2005) Little effect of extrapair paternity on the opportunity for sexual selection in
savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis). Evolution, 59, 422-430.
Garvin JC, Abroe B, Pedersen MC, Dunn PO, Whittingham LA (2006) Immune
response of nestling warblers varies with extra-pair paternity and temperature.
Molecular Ecology, 15, 3833-3840.
Hasselquist D, Bensch S, von Schantz T (1995) Low frequency of extrapair paternity
in the polygynous great reed warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus. Behavioral
Ecology, 6, 27-38.
Hill CE, Post W (2005) Extra-pair paternity in Seaside Sparrows. Journal of Field
Ornithology, 76, 119-126.
Kappes PJ, Stutchbury BJM, Woolfenden BE (2009) The Relationship between
Carotenoid-Based Coloration and Pairing, Within- and Extra-Pair Mating
Success in the American Redstart. Condor, 111, 684-693.
Kleven O, Jacobsen F, Izadnegahdar R, Robertson RJ, Lifjeld JT (2006) Male tail
streamer length predicts fertilization success in the North American barn swallow
(Hirundo rustica erythrogaster). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 59, 412418.
Lehtonen PK, Primmer CR, Laaksonen T (2009) Different traits affect gain of
extrapair paternity and loss of paternity in the pied flycatcher, Ficedula
hypoleuca. Animal Behaviour, 77, 1103-1110.
Reudink MW, Marra PP, Boag PT, Ratcliffe LM (2009) Plumage coloration predicts
paternity and polygyny in the American redstart. Animal Behaviour, 77, 495-501.
Reudink MW, Mech SG, Curry RL (2006) Extrapair Paternity and Mate Choice in a
Chickadee Hybrid Zone. Behavioral Ecology, 17, 56-62.
Richardson DS, Jury FL, Blaakmeer K, Komdeur J, Burke T (2001) Parentage
assignment and extra-group paternity in a cooperative breeder: The Seychelles
warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis). Molecular Ecology, 10, 2263-2273.
Schmoll T, Mund V, Dietrich-Bischoff V, Winkel W, Lubjuhn T (2007) Male age
predicts extrapair and total fertilization success in the socially monogamous coal
tit. Behavioral Ecology, 18, 1073-1081.
Stapleton MK, Kleven O, Lifjeld JT, Robertson RJ (2007) Female tree swallows
(Tachycineta bicolor) increase offspring heterozygosity through extrapair mating.
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 61, 1725-1733.
Webster MS, Chuang-Dobbs HC, Holmes RT (2001) Microsatellite identification of
extrapair sires in a socially monogamous warbler. Behavioral Ecology, 12, 439446.
Whittingham LA, Dunn PO (2005) Effects of extra-pair and within-pair reproductive
success on the opportunity for selection in birds. Behavioral Ecology, 16, 138144.
Whittingham LA, Lifjeld JT (1995) High Paternal Investment in Unrelated Young Extra-Pair Paternity and Male Parental Care In-House Martins. Behavioral
Ecology and Sociobiology, 37, 103-108.
Woolfenden BE, Stutchbury BJM, Morton ES (2005) Male Acadian flycatchers,
Empidonax virescens, obtain extrapair fertilizations with distant females. Animal
Behaviour, 69, 921-929.
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