History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
History of Muslim Societies, 1700 to the present
(Class leader: Kevin W. Fogg)
This optional paper is designed to think about Muslim societies around the world not just as a
religious community but as a social and cultural bloc (identified by Marshall Hodgson as the
‘Islamicate’ world). This lens allows for the study of trends across societies—spread across
Asia, the Middle East, Europe and Africa, and in the last centuries in diasporas even further
afield—and appreciation of the diversity of the Muslim world in the modern era. The paper
will allow students to contrast different Muslim societies over the last three centuries,
examine points of confluence for geographically- or culturally-distinct Muslim peoples in the
last three centuries, and/or focus on the history of one society in a wider Islamicate context.
General References
Marshall G.S. Hodgson, The venture of Islam: Conscience and history in a world civilization
volume III: The gunpowder empires and modern times (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1974).
Ira M. Lapidus, A History of Islamic Societies, 2nd ed., (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2002)
Francis Robinson, Atlas of the Islamic World since 1500 (Phaidon, Oxford, 1982)
Francis Robinson, The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World (Cambridge UP,
Cambridge, 1996)
Carl Ernst, Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World (University
of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 2003)
H.A.R. Gibb et al., eds., The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd ed, (Brill, Leiden, 1960- )
M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, trans., The Qur’an (Oxford UP, Oxford, 2004)
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
1. Theological Renewal and Revival
Key Readings
Ahmad Dallal, ‘The Origins and Objectives of Islamic Revivalist Thought, 1750-1850,’
Journal of the American Oriental Society vol. 113 no. 3 (1993): 341-359.
Albert Hourani, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939 (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1983).
Additional Readings
Hamid Algar, Wahhabism: A Critical Essay (New York: Oneonto, 2002).
Azyumardi Azra, The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia (New South Wales:
Asian Studies Association of Australia, 2004).
Hala Fattah, ‘ “Wahhabi” Influences, Salafi Responses: Shaikh Mahmud Shukri and The Iraqi
Salafi Movement, 1745–1930’, Journal of Islamic Studies, 14, 2 (2003): 127-148.
Nikkie R. Keddie, Sayyid Jamal al-Din al-Afghani: A Political Biography (Berkeley: U of
California P, 1972).
Nehemiah Levtzion and John O. Voll. Eds, Eighteenth-Century Renewal and Reform in Islam
(New York: SUNY P, 1987).
Deliar Noer, The Modernist Muslim Movement in Indonesia, 1900-1942 (Kuala Lumpur:
Oxford University Press, 1972).
Madawi al-Rasheed, A History of Saudi Arabia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2002), especially chapter 1.
Primary Sources
Rifa`a Rafi` al-Tahtawi, An Imam in Paris: An Account of a Stay in France by an Egyptian
Cleric, 1826-1831, Daniel L. Newman, trans. (London: Saqi, 2004).
‘Part I: Early Responses’ in John J. Donohue and John L. Esposito, eds., Islam in Transition:
Muslim Perspectives, 2nd ed. (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007), 7-38.
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
2. Vernacularization and Orthodoxy
Key Readings
Zvi Ben-Dor Bennite, The Dao of Muhammad: A Cultural History of Muslims in Late
Imperial China (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2005).
Rafiuddin Ahmed, The Bengal Muslims 1871-1906: A Quest for Identity (Dehli: Oxford UP,
1981).
Additional Readings
Southeast Asia
Jeffrey Hadler, Muslims and Matriarchs: Cultural Resilience in Indonesia through Jihad and
Colonialism (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2008).
Clifford Geertz, The Religion of Java (New York: The Free Press, 1960).
Mitsuo Nakamura, The Crescent Arises over the Banyan Tree 2nd ed. (Singapore: ISEAS,
2012), part I.
M.C. Ricklefs, Polarizing Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions (c. 1830-1930)
(Honolulu, HI: U of Hawai’i P, 2007).
Sub-Saharan Africa
Louis Brenner, West African Sufi: The Religious Heritage and Spiritual Search of Cerno
Bokar Saalif Taal (London: Herst, 1984).
Sean Hanretta, Islam and Social Change in French West Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge UP,
2009).
Ousman Murzik Kobo, Unveiling Modernity in 20th Century West African Islamic Reforms
(Leiden: Brill, 2012).
David Owusu-Ansah, ‘Prayer, Amulets, and Healing,’ in Nehemia Levtzion and Randall L.
Pouwels, eds., The History of Islam in Africa (Athens, OH: Ohio UP, 2000).
David Robinson, ‘The Africanization of Islam’, in Muslim Societies in African History
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004).
Primary Sources
‘Babad Jaka Tingkir in Translation’ in Nancy Florida, Writing the Past, Inscribing the Future:
History as Prophesy in Colonial Java (Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1995), 81-245.
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
3. Islam’s Own States and Empires
Key Readings
Seema Alavi, ‘Introduction’, in The Eighteenth Century in India (New Delhi: Oxford UP,
2007).
Alan Mikhail and Christine Philliou, ‘The Ottoman Empire and the Imperial Turn,’
Comparative Studies in Society and History, 54, 4 (October 2012): 721-745.
David Robinson, The Holy War of Umar Tal (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1985).
Additional Readings
Southeast Asian Polities
Ann Kumar, “Javanese Court Society and Politics in the Late Eighteenth Century: The
Record of a Lady Soldier, Part I: The Religious, Social, and Economic Life of the Court,”
Indonesia 29 (1980): 1-46.
Anthony Milner, Kerajaan: Malay Political Culture on the Eve of Colonial Rule (Tucson: U
of Arizona P, 1982).
Martin van Bruinessen, “Shari'a Court, Tarekat and Pesantren: Religious Institutions in the
Banten Sultanate,” Archipel 50 (1995): 165-200.
James Francis Warren, The Sulu Zone, 1768-1898: The Dynamics of External Trade, Slavery,
and Ethnicity in the Transformation of a Southeast Asian Maritime State, 2nd ed.
(Singapore: NUS Press, 2007).
Mughal Empire
Muzaffar Alam, The Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India, 2nd ed. (New Delhi: Oxford UP,
2013).
Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam, ‘The Political Thought of a Late Eighteenth
Century Mughal Prince’ and ‘Epilogue: The Mughals in Exile’, in Writing the Mughal
World (New York: Columbia UP, 2012), 429-466 and 467-484.
A. Azfar Moin, The Millenial Sovereign: Sacred Kingship and Sainthood in Islam (New
York: Columbia UP, 2012).
John F. Richards, ‘Imperial Decline and Collapse’, in The Mughal Empire (Cambridge:
Cambridge UP, 1993), 253-281.
Qajar Empire
Hamid Algar, ‘Religious Forces in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Iran’, in Peter Avery,
Gavin Hambly, and Charles Melville, eds., Cambridge History of Iran, volume 7
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991), 705-731.
Abbas Amanat, Pivot of the Universe: Nasir al-Din Shah and the Iranian Monarchy (New
York: I.B. Tauris, 2008)
Anne Lambton, Qajar Persia: Eleven Studies (London: Tauris, 1987).
Ottoman Empire
Selim Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the
Ottoman Empire, 1876-1909 (London: I.B. Tauris, 1998).
Carter V. Findley, Bureaucratic Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Sublime Porte, 17891922 (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1980).
Carter Vaughn Findley, ‘The Ottoman Lands to the Post-First World War Settlement’, in
Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2010), 31-78.
M. Sükrü Hanioğlu, A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire (2008)
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
Kemal H. Karpat, The Politicisation of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith and
Community in the Late Ottoman State (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001).
Anna M. Mirkova, ‘ “Population Politics” at the End of Empire: Migration and Sovereignty
in Ottoman Eastern Rumelia, 1877–1886’, Comparative Studies in Society and History,
55, 4 (2013): 955-985.
West African States
John H. Hanson, Migration, Jihad, and Muslim Authority in West Africa (Bloomington:
Indiana UP, 1996).
M. Hiskett, The Sword of Truth: the Life and Times of Shehu Usuman dan Fodio (New York,
1973).
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
4. Muslim Societies Face Colonialism
Key Readings
Lisa Pollard, Nurturing the Nation: The Family Politics of Modernizing, Colonizing, and
Liberating Egypt, 1805-1923 (Berkeley: U of California P, 2005).
Francis Robinson, ‘The British Empire and the Muslim World’, in J.M. Brown and Wm.
Roger Louis eds., The Oxford History of the British Empire, volume 4 (Oxford: Oxford
UP, 1999), 398-420.
Paolo Sartori, ‘Constructing Colonial Legality in Russian Central Asia: On Guardianship’,
Comparative Studies in Society and History, 56, 2 (2014): 419-447.
Additional Readings
Central Asia
Moshe Gammer, Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and
Dagestan (London: Cass, 1994).
Adeeb Khalid, The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia (Berkeley:
U of California P, 1998).
Adeeb Khalid, ‘Russia, Central Asia and the Caucasus to 1917’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The
New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2010), 180-202.
Anna Zelkina, In Quest for God and Freedom: The Sufi Response to the Russian Advance in
the North Caucasus (London: Hurst, 2000).
East Asia
Ho-dong Kim, Holy War in China: The Muslim Rebellion and State in Chinese Central Asia,
1864-1877 (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2004).
Rian Thum, ‘Modular Histories: Identity Maintenance before Uyghur Nationalism’, Journal
of Asian Studies, 71, 3 (2012): 627-653.
Southeast Asia
Peter Carey, The Power of Prophecy: Prince Dipanagara and the End of an Old Order in
Java, 1785-1855 (Leiden: KITLV, 2008).
Jeffrey Hadler, Muslims and Matriarchs: Cultural Resilience in Indonesia through Jihad and
Colonialism (Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 2008)
Sartono Kartodirdjo, The Peasants’ Revolt of Banten in 1888 (’S-Gravenhage: Martinus
Nijhoff, 1966).
South Asia
Sonia Nishat Amin, The World of Muslim Women in Colonial Bengal, 1876-1939 (Leiden:
Brill, 1996).
Nile Green, Bombay Islam: The Religious Economy of the Western Indian Ocean, 1840-1915
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2011)
Peter Hardy, The Muslims of British India (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1972).
Barbara Metcalf, Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband 1860-1900 (Princeton: Princeton
UP, 1982).
Middle East and North Africa
Julia Clancey-Smith, Rebel and Saint: Muslim Notables, Populist Protest, Colonial
Encounters (Algeria and Tunisia, 1800-1904) (Berkeley: U of California P, 1994).
Juan Cole, Colonialism and Revolution in the Middle East: Social and Cultural Origins of
Egypt’s ‘Urabi Movement (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993).
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
Juan Cole, Napoléon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East (New York: Palgrave Macmillan,
2007).
Khaled Fahmy, All the Pasha's Men: Mehmed Ali, His Army, and the Making of Modern
Egypt (Cairo: American University in Cairo P, 2002).
P.M. Holt, The Mahdist State in Sudan (Nairobi: Oxford UP, 1977)
Ussama Makdisi, The Culture of Sectarianism: Community, History, and Violence in
Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Lebanon (Berkeley: U of California P, 2000).
James McDougall, ‘The secular state’s Islamic empire: Muslim spaces and subjects of
jurisdiction in Paris and Algiers, 1905-1957’ Comparative Studies in Society and History
52,3 (2010): 553-80.
Eugene L. Rogan, Frontiers of State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999).
Sub-Saharan Africa
Roman Loimeier, ‘Africa south of the Sahara to the First World War’, in Francis Robinson,
ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2010), 269-299.
Muhammad Sani Umar, Islam and Colonialism: Intellectual Responses of Muslims of
Northern Nigeria to British Colonial Rule (Leiden: Brill, 2006).
Primary Sources
C. Snouck Hurgronje, Mekka in the Latter Part of the 19th Century (Leiden: Brill, 2007).
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
5. Muslim Societies Exit Colonialism
Key Readings
Felicitas Becker, Becoming Muslim in Mainland Tanzania, 1890-2000: The Spread of Islam
Beyond the Indian Ocean Coast (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008).
Michael Francis Laffan, Islamic Nationhood and Colonial Indonesia: The Umma Below the
Winds (New York: Routledge, 2003).
Ayesha Jalal, The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League, and the Demand for Pakistan
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1994).
Erez Manela, The Wilsonian Moment: Self-Determination and the International Origins of
Anticolonial Nationalism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), Part II, ch. 3 (‘The
Internationalization of Nationalism’ and ‘President Wilson Arrives in Cairo’)
Additional Readings
East Asia
Dru C. Gladney, ‘Islam in China from the First World War’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The
New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2010), 659-685.
Justin Jon Rudelson, Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism along China’s Silk Road (New
York: Columbia UP, 1997).
Southeast Asia
Chiara Formichi, Islam and the Making of the Nation: Kartosuwiryo and Political Islam in
Twentieth-Century Indonesia (Leiden: KITLV, 2012).
Anthony Milner, The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya: Contesting Nationalism and
the Expansion of the Public Sphere (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995).
South Asia
David Gilmartin, Empire and Islam: Punjab and the Making of Pakistan (London: Tauris,
1988).
Javed Majeed, Muhammad Iqbal: Islam, Aesthetics and Postcolonialism (London: Routledge,
2009).
Middle East and North Africa
Ervand Abrahamian, Iran Between Two Revolutions (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1982).
Ali Ansari, The Politics of Nationalism in Modern Iran (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2009).
Said Amir Arjomand, ed., From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam (Albany: SUNY P,
1984).
Michael Ezekiel Gaspar, The Power of Representation: Publics, Peasants, and Islam in Egypt
(Stanford: Stanford UP, 2009).
Rashid Khalidi, ed., The Origins of Arab Nationalism (New York: Columbia University
Press, 1991)
M. Sait Özervarlı, ‘Intellectual Foundations and Transformations in an Imperial City: Istanbul
from the Late Ottoman to the Early Republican Periods’, Muslim World, 103, 4 (2013):
518-534.
Michael Provence, The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism (Austin, TX:
University of Texas Press, 2005).
Elizabeth Thompson, Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilege, and Gender
in French Syria and Lebanon (New York: Columbia UP, 2000).
Sub-Saharan Africa
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
John H. Hanson, ‘Africa south of the Sahara from the First World War’, in Francis Robinson,
ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2010), 623-658.
Ousmane Kane, Muslim Modernity in Postcolonial Nigeria: A study of the Society for the
Removal of Innovation and Reinstatement of Tradition (Boston, MA: Brill, 2003)
Primary Sources
Taj Al-Saltana, Crowning Anguish: Memoirs of a Persian Princess from the Harem to
Modernity 1884-1914, Abbas Amanat, ed., Anna Vanzan and Amin Neshati, trans.
(Washington, DC: Mage, 1993).
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
6. Islam and Modernity: Socialism, Feminism, Islamism, Democracy
Key Readings
Ousmane Kane, ‘Islamism: What is New, What is Not? Lessons from West Africa,’ African
Journal of International Affairs 11, no. 2 (2008):157-187.
Carool Kersten, Cosmopolitans and Heretics: New Muslim Intellectuals and the Study of
Islam (London: Hurst, 2011).
Afsaneh Najmabadi, Women with Mustaches and Men without Beards: Gender and Sexual
Anxieties of Iranian Modernity (Berkeley: U of California P, 2005).
Additional Readings
Sergei Abashin, ‘A Prayer for Rain: Practising Being Soviet and Muslim’, Journal of Islamic
Studies 25, 2 (2014): 178-200.
Fouad Ajami, The Vanished Imam: Musa Al Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon (Ithaca: Cornell
UP, 1986).
Ousseina Alidou, Engaging Modernity: Muslim Women and the Politics of Agency (Madison,
WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 2005)
Said Amir Arjomand, ‘Islamic Resurgence and Its Aftermath’, in Robert Hefner, ed., The New
Cambridge History of Islam, volume 6 (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2010), 173-197.
Margot Badran, Feminists, Islam, and Nation: Gender and the Making of Modern Egypt
(Princeton: Princeton UP, 1995).
Mehrzad Boroujerdi, Iranian Intellectuals and the West: The Tormented Triumph of Nativism
(Syracuse: Syracuse UP, 1996).
Faisal Devji, Landscapes of Jihad: Militancy, Morality, Modernity (London: Hurst, 2005).
Yoav Di-Capua, ‘Arab Existentialism: An Invisible Chapter in the Intellectual history of
Decolonization,’ American Historical Review vol 117, no. 4 (October 2012): 1061-1091.
Ali Gheissari and Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr, Democracy in Iran: History and the Quest for
Liberty (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2006).
Mohammad Kamal Hassan, Muslim Intellectual Responses to ‘New Order’ Modernization in
Indonesia (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1980).
Robert W. Hefner, Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia (Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press, 2000).
Charles Kurzman, ‘Liberal Islam and Its Islamic Context’, in Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
(Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998), 3-26.
Roman Loimeier, ‘Islamic Reform and Political Change: The Example of Abubakar Gumi
and the Yan Izala Movement in Northern Nigeria’, in Eva Evers Rosander and David
Westerlund, eds., African Islam and Islam in Africa (London: Hurst, 1997), 286-307.
Ziba Mir-Hosseini et al., ‘Feminist Movements’ parts I-IV, Encyclopaedia Iranica
(www.iranicaonline.org)
Sayyed Vali Reza Nasr, Mawdudi and the Making of Islamic Revivalism (Oxford UP, New
York, 1996).
Hugh Poulton, Top Hat, Grey Wolf and Crescent: Turkish Nationalism and the Turkish
Republic (London: Hurst, 1997).
John T. Sidel, ‘Jihad and the Specter of Transnational Islam in Contemporary Southeast Asia:
A Comparative Historical Perspective’, in Eric Tagliacozzo, ed., Southeast Asia and the
Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Longue Duree (Singapore: NUS Press, 2009),
275-318.
Takashi Shiraishi, An Age in Motion: Popular Radicalism in Java, 1912-1926 (1990)
Bassam Tibi, The Challenge of Fundamentalism: Political Islam and the New World Order
(Berkeley: U of California P, 1998).
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
Primary Sources
Imam Khomeini, ‘Islamic Government’, Hamid Algar, trans., in Islam and Revolution
(Berkeley: Mizan, 1981), 27-166.
Bruce Lawrence, ed., Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama bin Laden, James
Howarth, trans. (London: Verso, 2005).
Fatima Mernissi, The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women’s Rights in
Islam (Cambridge, MA: Perseus, 1991).
Malcolm X and Alex Haley, The Autobiography of Malcolm X (New York: Grove Press,
1965) [alternatively, the Playboy issue is a short insight into his views]
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
7. Islam in a Global Age: Migration, Networks
Key Readings
Michael Feener, “New Networks and New Knowledge: Migrations, Communications and the
Refiguration of the Muslim Community in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries,”
in Robert Hefner, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 6 (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2010), 39-68.
James L. Gelvin and Nile Green, eds., Global Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print
(Berkeley: U of California P, 2014)
Additional Readings
Humayun Ansari, ‘Islam in the West’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History
of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 686-716.
Azyumardi Azra, ‘The Patani Ulama: Global and Regional Networks’ in Patrick Jory, ed.,
Ghosts of the Past in Southern Thailand (Singapore: NUS Press, 2013)
Patrick D. Bowen, ‘The Search for “Islam”: African-American Islamic Groups in NYC,
1904–1954’, Muslim World, 102, 2 (2012): 264-283.
Joya Chatterji, ‘Dispositions and Destinations: Refugee Agency and “Mobility Capital” in the
Bengal Diaspora, 1947–2007’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 55, 2 (2013):
273-304.
Dale F. Eickelman and James Piscatori, Muslim Travellers: Pilgrimage, Migration and the
Religious Imagination (1990).
Ulrike Freitag and William Clarence-Smith, eds., Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Satesmen
in the Indian Ocean, 1750s-1960s (Leiden: Brill, 1997).
Nile Green, Sufism: A Global History (Cichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012)
Engseng Ho, The Graves of Tarim: Genealogy and Mobility across the Indian Ocean
(Berkeley, CA: U of California P, 2006)
Paul E. Lovejoy, ‘Background to Rebellion: The Origins of Muslim Slaves in Bahia,’ Slavery
and Abolition vol. 15, no. 2 (1994): 151-180
Khoo Salma Nasution, The Chulia in Penang: Patronage and Place-Making around the
Kapitan Kling Mosque 1786–1957 (Penang: Areca, 2014)
Ghada Osman and Camille F. Forbes, ‘Representing the West in the Arabic Language: The
Slave Narrative of Omar Ibn Said’, Journal of Islamic Studies, 15, 3 (2004): 331-343.
Eric Tagliacozzo, The Longest Journey: Southeast Asians and the Pilgrimage to Mecca
(Oxford: Oxford UP, 2013)
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History of Muslim Societies since 1700
Kevin W. Fogg
8. Historiography of Muslim Societies: Orientalism and its Discontents
Key Readings
Albert Hourani, Islam in European Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991).
Zachary Lockman, Contending Visions of the Middle East: The History and Politics of
Orientalism (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004).
‘Introduction’, ‘Part II: The Rise of Oriental Studies’, and ‘Part IX: Further Critiques’ in
Alexander Lyon Macfie, ed., Orientalism: A Reader (New York: NYU P, 2000).
Edward Said, Orientalism (New York: Pantheon, 1978), especially the introduction.
Additional Readings
Jalal Al-i Ahmad, Occidentousis: A Plague from the West, trans. R. Cambell (Berkeley:
Mizan Press, 1984)
Li Guo, ‘History Writing’, in Robert Irwin, ed., New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 4
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2010), 444-457.
Sean Hanretta, ‘Muslim Histories, African Societies: The Venture of Islamic Studies in
Africa,’ Journal of African History, 46 (2005): 479-492.
‘The Role of Islam in World History’, in Marshall G. S. Hodgson, Rethinking World History:
Essays on Europe, Islam, and World History (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993), 97-125.
Tarif Khalidi, ‘Palestinian Historiography, 1900-1948’, Journal of Palestine Studies 10, 3
(1981):59-76.
Iik Arifin Mansurnoor, ‘Locating Traditional, Islamic, and Modern Historiography in PataniJawi Identity’ in Patrick Jory, ed., Ghosts of the Past in Southern Thailand (Singapore:
NUS Press, 2013)
Franz Rosenthal, History and Muslim Historiography (Leiden: Brill, 1968).
Adam J. Silverstein, Islamic History: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, Oxford UP, 2010)
Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi, Refashioning Iran: Orientalism, Occidentalism, and
Historiography (Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001).
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