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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
INVERSION SETUP
ATM
No. regions*
Time resolution
Inversion Transport
Inv. full period
Data period
Spin-up period
Sfc. data
Smoothed obs/real obs
No. stations
Interp/extrap sfc. data
Pre-subtracted fluxes
Fossil Fuel
Biosphere Flux
Ocean Flux
Data weights
Prior information
Prior spatial/temporal correl.
Lab
Country
Personnel
Publication
CCAM
CCAM
146 (94 land, 52 ocean)
Monthly
Monthly response functions
Fwd simul. cycling 1999**
1987 - 2004
1989 - 2004
2 years
GLOBALVIEW-CO2 (2005)
Smoothed observations
74 (77 records)
NO/NO
YES
Andres et al. (1996)
Randerson et al. (1997)
Takahashi et al. (2002)
Following Baker et al. (2006)
LMDz
LMDz
Model-grid scale
Monthly
Monthly response functions
Retro-plumes
1986 - 2004
1989 - 2004
2 years
GLOBALVIEW-CO2 (2005)
Smoothed observations
82
YES/NO
YES
Andres et al. (1996)
Randerson et al. (1997)
Takahashi et al. (2002)
Following Baker et al. (2006)
FRCGC
FRCGC
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Monthly
Monthly response functions
Fwd simulation
1988 - 2004
1988 - 2004
0 years
GLOBALVIEW-CO2 (2005)
Smoothed observations
87
YES/YES
YES
Andres et al. (1996)
Randerson et al. (1997)
Takahashi et al. (2002)
Following Patra et al. (2005)
A priori flux PDF
NO/NO
CSIRO-MAR
Australia
Pickett-Heaps, Rayner &
Law
Rayner et al. 2008
A priori flux PDF
YES/NO
LSCE - CEA/CNRS
France
A priori flux PDF
NO/NO
FRCGC
Japan
Peylin & Bousquet
Following Peylin et al. (2005)
Patra & Maksyutov
Patra et al. (2005a)
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Text S1: Technical details of the four inversion models
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*’Model-grid based’ indicates that flux estimates are obtained at the model grid resolution rather than pre-defined flux regions.
TM3
TM3
Model-grid scale
Daily
Forward/adjoint runs
1990 - 2006
1996 - 2005
6 years
Raw data (flask/hourly obs.)
Real observations
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NO/NO
YES
van Aardenne et al. (2001)
Sitch et al. (2003)
Gloor et al. (2003)
Following Rödenbeck
(2005)***
NO
YES/YES
MPI-BGC
Germany
Rödenbeck & Heimann,
Marshall
Rödenbeck et al. (2003)****
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**Forward simul. cycling 1999 refers to the use of a forward simulation to generate monthly response functions for 1999 only. These response functions are then used
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repeatedly for each year of the inversion.
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*** http://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/mpg/websiteBiogeochemie/Publikationen/Technical_Reports/tech_report6.pdf
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****Available at: http://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/~christian.roedenbeck/download-CO2/
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Heimann, J. John, T. Maki, S. Maksyutov, K. Masarie, P. Prather, B. Bac, S. Taguchi and Z. Zhu (2006), Transcom 3 intercomparison: Impact of
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transport errors on inter-annual variability of regional CO2 fluxes, 1988 – 2003, Glob. Biogeochem. Cyc., 20, 1002, doi: 1029/2004GB002439.
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Gloor, M., N. Gruber, J. Sarmiento, C.L. Sabine, R.A. Feely & C. Rodenbeck, (2003), A first estimate of present and preindustrial air-sea CO2
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