29 July 2010
English
MALAWI NATIONAL SEMINAR ON CENSUS DATA ANALYSIS
Blantyre, Malawi
19-22 July 2010
REPORT
TABLE OF CONTE NTS
TABLE OF CONTE NTS ................................................................................................................................1
OBJECTIVE OF THE NATIONAL SEMINAR ..................................................................................................2
ATTENDANCE ............................................................................................................................................2
OPENING OF THE SEMINAR........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION TO THE CENSUS ANALYSES PROJECT ..............................................................................2
INTRODUCTION TO THE SEMINAR .............................................................................................................3
FERTILITY ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................3
FERTILTY MEASUREMENT BY THE P/F RATIO METHODS ..........................................................................4
ANALYZING CENSUS DATA ON AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE .......................................................................4
INTRODUCTION TO CENSUSINFO ...............................................................................................................5
GENERAL DISCUSSION ON CRITICAL GENDER ISSUES IN MALAWI IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT 6
DISCUSSION ON FUTURE PLANS.................................................................................................................6
CLOSING ....................................................................................................................................................8
ANNEX I: AGENDA ....................................................................................................................................9
ANNEX II: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ............................................................................................................12
1
OBJECTIVE OF THE NATIONAL SEMINAR
1.
The Malawi National Seminar on Census Data Analysis was held in Blantyre, Malawi from 19 to
22 July 2010. The main objective of the national seminar is to provide an opportunity for the
staff member of the Malawi National Statistical Office in collaboration with the University of
Malawi Population Studies Centre, to further collaborate on the analysis of data from the 2008
census of Malawi on selected topics. The national seminar will cover the following topics: (i)
fertility and nuptiality from a gender perspective; (ii) fertility indices based on data from the
2008 census; (iii) measures of nuptiality based on data from the 2008 census: and (iv) and use
of the CensusInfo software for data presentation and dissemination. See Annex I for Seminar
agenda.
ATTENDANCE
2.
The Malawi National Seminar on Census Data Analysis was attended by 23 participants (see
Annex II) of whom 13 were from the Malawi National Statistical Office, four from the University of
Malawi, two from the UNFPA office in Malawi, and four represented UNSD.
OPENING OF THE SEMINAR
3.
Keiko Osaki Tomita, Chief, Demographic and Social Statistics Branch, delivered an opening
remarks on behalf of the UN Statistics Division (UNSD). At the outset, she expressed appreciation for
Ms. Mercy Kanyuka, Deputy Commission, and Malawi National Statistics Office (MNSO) for coorganizing the seminar with UNSD. She also thanked the participants for their commitment to the
Seminar, despite their busy schedule. Indeed, it is very busy time for the MNSO, as they are currently
heavily engaged in census data anlalyses and the enumeration of DHS data at the same time.
4.
Ms. Osaki Tomita described the vital role of the United Nations in advancing the global
statistical system. UNSD not only collects, compiles and disseminates statistical information
worldwide, but are also responsible for the development of international standards for statistical
methods, definitions, classifications of data. Technical cooperation to strengthen the capacity of
national statistical systems also constitutes an important element of the Division’s work. UNSD also
leads the 2010 World Programme on Population and Housing Censuses in which all but eight countries
of the world participate.
5.
She reminded the participants that a population and housing census is usually the largest
statistical activity that a country undertakes. The important roles that census data play for planning,
policy-making, and administrative and research purposes cannot be overemphasized. But in order for
census data be truly useful, the data have to be fully analyzed and widely disseminated. In this
connection, she wished that the seminar would provide an excellent opportunity for participants to
enhance their knowledge-base for census analyses. She closed the statement wishing a great success in
their deliberations.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CENSUS ANALYSES PROJECT
6.
Ms. Keiko Osaki Tomita explained the objectives of the seminar in the context of the project
which UNSD had been implementing. In January 2010, UNSD launched a three-year project entitled
“:Strengthening National Capacity to Analyse, Present and Disseminate Census Data for Evidencebased Policy Making”, with a financial support of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The project
aims to promote higher level of analysis and better dissemination of census data in support of
evidence-based decision making.
2
7.
Organizing national seminar on selected topics where in-depth analyses are needed is one of core
activities to be implemented under the project. The first national seminar on census analyses was held
in Egypt in May 2010 and the present one in Malawi was the second in a series. Such thematic
seminars are expected to take place in nine African countries. Ms. Osaki Tomita acknowledged that
two topics – fertility and nuptiality – selected for the seminar by MNSO were of critical importance in
Malawi, hence merit deeper analyses. Participants were reminded that they were eventually expected to
produce analytical reports, using the knowledge and skills acquired during the seminar.
8.
Ms Osaki Tomita then introduced Dr. Griffith Feeney who would provide lectures on the
advanced techniques of estimating fertility and nuptiality during the seminar, and Dr. Jerry Banda who
would lecture on how to prepare analytical reports, and lead the discussion on future plans.
INTRODUCTION TO THE SEMINAR
9.
Dr. Griffith Feeney provided an introduction to the seminar in terms of what was to be covered in
the area of measurement of fertility and nuptiality. He explained that the objective of the seminar was
to be very practical—to engage in analysis of population census data with the aim of understanding
errors and omissions and extracting the best possible information on fertility and nuptiality for the use
of participants in finalizing their thematic report on these subjects for the 2008 census. He elaborated
that the seminar would of course cover various demographic methods along the way, as they are used
to conduct the analysis. He emphasized, however, that the tools only help us with the work. The work
that is done using the tools is data analysis, used in the sense of John W. Tukey’s 1997 book
Exploratory Data Analysis.
FERTILITY ANALYSIS
10. Dr. Griffith Feeney presented on various methods of fertility analysis. The session on reverse
survival estimation began with a brief review of basic fertility measures, including the crude birth rate
(CBR), age-specific birth rates (ASBRs), the total fertility rate (TFR), and the mean age at childbearing
(MAC).
11. Reverse survival estimation is one of the oldest, but also one of the most underutilized methods
for estimating fertility from population census data. The explanation for its under utilization may lie
with the United Nations Population Divison’s Manual X: Indirect Techniques for Demographic
Estimation, in which reverse survival is presented only for estimation of the crude birth rate for 10
years prior to the census. This session introduced a far more general approach to reverse survival that
provides total fertility rates as well as crude birth rates, and for up to 40 years prior to the census date.
Total fertility rates are far more useful than crude birth rates, and the longer retrospective period allows
comparison with estimates from prior censuses, which is invaluable as a test of data quality and the
accuracy of the estimates.
12. The presentation of the reverse survival method begins with the use of stationary population
concepts to solve reverse survival problems. A simple example of a reverse survival problem is: Given
the number of persons 0-4 years old at the time of a census, how do we estimate the number of births
during the five years prior to the census. The calculation requires life table “big Lx” values, which
generally have to be estimated, but the results are robust against departures of assumed from actual life
table values.
13. Once numbers of births during five year periods prior to the census have been estimated, the
female age distribution is reverse survived to get the age distribution of reproductive age females at
five year intervals prior to the census. Combining information on numbers of births, the age
distribution of reproductive age women, and an age pattern of mortality gives estimates of total fertility
rates. The age pattern of fertility may come from any number of sources, including census data on
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births to women during the year prior to the census or data from a recent Demographic and Health
Survey. The total fertility estimates are robust against departures of assumed from actual age patterns.
14. A powerful advantage of the reverse survival method is that it requires as input only the age-sex
distribution of the population. This information is available from virtually every population census, and
for most countries of the world it is available for a series of past censuses. The example presented in
the seminar compared reverse survival estimates of total fertility for India from the censuses of 1951,
1961, 1971, 1981 and 1991. Because estimates are produced for the 40 years prior to each census, each
pair of censuses provides a 30 year overlap of estimates. The consistency of estimates from successive
censuses provides a reliable diagnostic of the quality of the estimates.
15. The quality of reverse survival estimates depends first and foremost on the quality of the census
age-sex distributions. Problematic age-sex distributions are quickly revealed by examination of reverse
survival estimates derived from them, so that reverse survival provides a means of assessing the quality
of age-sex distributions as well as a method of estimating the level and trend of total fertility. In some
cases, knowledge of the likely trend of fertility, deriving either from estimates produce from other data
or general empirical regularities, is used to correct errors in age-sex distributions.
FERTILTY MEASUREMENT BY THE P/F RATIO METHODS
16. The session on P/F ratio methods began by introducing the general idea of the methods, which is
to estimate the level of fertility from census data on average numbers of children ever born to young
women by using information on the age pattern of fertility derived from reports on numbers of
children born to women during the 12 months prior to the census.
17. There are numerous variants of the P/F ratio method, which was invented by William Brass, but
all of them depend on either or both of two basic propositions of formal demography. The first
proposition is that, if we know the age-specific fertility rates experienced by a cohort of women, we
can calculate the mean number of children ever born to these women at any point in time. The second
proposition is that the total fertility of any birth cohort of women estimates the period total fertility rate
at the time members of this cohort reach the mean age at childbearing for the cohort.
18. Several variants of the P/F ratio method were presented and illustrated with Malawi data from the
1998 and 2008 population censuses. Several of the newer variants involve use of the relational
Gompertz model for the age pattern of fertility. The relational Gompertz model was defined, a simple
computer spreadsheet technique for fitting the model to data was introduced, and the fits to data from
the 2008 population census of Malawi illustrated.
ANALYZING CENSUS DATA ON AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE
19. The sessions on analyzing census data on age at first marriage and nuptiality tables began with a
brief review of life table concepts, including three basic “columns” of the life table, the probabilities
( n qx ) column, the survival ( x ) column, and the frequency distribution ( n dx ) column, and the idea that
life table concepts and methods may be applied not just to deaths, but to demographic events of all
kinds—including first marriage.

20. The source data
statistics include (a) a tabulation
 and tabulations used for calculating nuptiality

of ever married persons by sex, age at census in single years, and age at first marriage in single years
and (b) a tabulation of total population by sex and single years of age. The total population is required
to obtain numbers of never married persons, which are essential to the calculations because the define
exposure to the risk of marriage.
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21. The simplest approach to age at first marriage statistics from these tables is to first calculate
period mean age at first marriage based on numbers of first marriages. The calculation is trivial,
requiring nothing but the definition of mean from elementary statistics, once the cells in the census
tabulation have been suitably rearranged, but the rearrangement turns out to be moderately
complicated, requiring some patience to construct a suitable computer spreadsheet.
22. Though most simply calculated, mean age at first marriage based on numbers of first marriages is
also the least satisfactory indicator of age at first marriage because numbers of marriages of younger
women are typically far greater than numbers of marriages of older women simply because the
population age distributions are “young,” with large numbers of persons at young ages and much
smaller numbers at older ages.
23. To control for the bias created by the population age distribution, mean ages at first marriages are
computer from marriage frequencies, numbers of first marriages at age x to women a cohort age y at
the time of the census divided by the total number of women in the cohort. This again is a simple
calculation, though spreadsheet implementation is slightly complicated due to the large size of the
table—if calculations are made for persons ages 15-79, there are over 4,000 cells in each table.
24. Examination of the time series of mean ages at first marriage computed from marriage
frequencies computer from the 2008 census data for Malawi shows that the series is unsatisfactory
because the calculation fails to control for the changing composition of cohorts by marital status. Since
only single women are “at risk” of first marriage, the most appropriate way to calculate a mean age at
first marriage is to calculate a “nuptiality table” based on “probabilities” of first marriage in the life
table sense of the word.
25. Unlike the situation with life tables, in which probabilities must first be estimated from agespecific death rates, the census tabulations noted above provide for direct calculation of first marriage
probabilities. The idea of the calculation is simple and simply illustrated though a full spreadsheet
implementation is moderately complicated. Seminar participants were provided with a spreadsheet
implementing all of the calculations.
INTRODUCTION TO CENSUSINFO
26. The presentation on “Introduction to CensusInfo” was delivered by Margaret Mbogoni. The
objective of the presentation was to give an overview of the CensusInfo software within the context of
the United Nations 2010 World Population and Housing Census Programme. The presentation
summarized the essential goals of the 2010 World Population and Housing Census Programme as well
as related census activities being undertaken by the United Nations Statistics Division. In this context,
it was mentioned that the Division is undertaking activities to assist countries to disseminate their
census results.
27. Activities that are undertaken by the UNSD to enhance countries’ ability to disseminate results of
their censuses include the project “Strengthening national capacity to analyze, present and disseminate
data for evidence-based policy making”. Specific activities within the project include, holding of
national seminars on census data analysis and also writing of thematic reports based on census data, in
participating countries. In addition to this project, the UNSD is also organizing regional seminars on
dissemination and analysis of data and is also planning to host an expert group meeting on strategies
and technology for census data dissemination. It is anticipated that from the outcome of the regional
seminars and of the expert group meeting, UNSD will compile and disseminate good national practices
on strategies and technology for census data dissemination.
28. The presenter further informed the audience that UNSD, in partnership with UNICEF and
UNFPA has developed a software for census data dissemination called CensusInfo. This software is
5
available for free on-line and UNSD is carrying out regional workshops as well as on-sight technical
support to countries to enable them to create national adaptations of CensusInfo. It was mentioned that
CensusInfo is a tool for disseminating population and housing census results on the web and on CDROM. It generates user-defined tables, graphs, maps and reports at different geographic levels, and
with accompanying metadata. Furthermore, CensusInfo can be customized to meet country-specific
needs in terms of tables and indicators to be generated. Another feature of CensusInfo, it was
mentioned, is its ability to import data from other software applications, such as CSPro, SAS, SPSS
and Redatam.
29. In the presentation it was also mentioned that UNSD maintains a website on the 2010 World
Population and Housing Census Programme on which there is a webpage on CensusInfo. The
presentation also offered information on Global CensusInfo which is a UNSD adaptation of
CensusInfo to census tables and indicators based on data that the Division collects from countries as
part of the Demographic Yearbook System. The audience was informed that initially, Global
CensusInfo will contain data from the 2000 round of population and housing censuses with data from
the 2010 round being added as they become available.
GENERAL DISCUSSION ON CRITICAL GENDER ISSUES IN MALAWI IN THE CONTEXT OF
DEVELOPMENT
30. In view of that MNSO will be producing an analytical report on gender by using census data, this
session aimed to have an open discussion on the critical gender issues in the country so that the
common understanding of the issues could be forged. Ms. Osaki Tomita started the session by revisiting the concept of gender issues and the usefulness of producing gender statistics. Gender statistics
provide separate data for women and men across many dimensions of life, revealing differences and
relationships between them. Participants were reminded of the difference of the concepts between
“sex” and “gender”, which were often used interchangeably.
31. Ms. Osaki Tomita introduced some data from the 1998 Malawi Population and Housing Census
and asked the participants to identify where gender gaps existed in the socio-cultural context of
Malawi. Participants pointed out that girls in the country were still disadvantaged in terms of school
enrolment and the gap were more evident in rural areas. It was found that over 90 per cent of
economically active women in the country were engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry or forestry.
Participants were of the view that the figure reflected the industrial structure of the country and did not
necessary mean the discrimination against women. Service sector and production sector where women
could be employed are still very much under-developed in the country. A participant mentioned that
women generally comprised a small proportion in decision-making positions, especially in the
Parliament. The country also has a high maternal mortality and many women lose their life from
complications related to pregnancy or delivery of child.
32. At the end of the session, Ms. Osaki Tomita mentioned that National Gender Policy, developed
by Malawi Ministry of Gender, Child Welfare and Community Services, had been already in place.
The policy has a focus on the following six dimensions: education, reproductive health,
food/nutritional security, environment, human right, and poverty/economic empowerment.
DISCUSSION ON FUTURE PLANS
33. Dr. Jeremiah Banda gave a brief presentation on “technical writing” aimed at helping seminar
participants to write technically sound thematic reports on selected census topics. It was emphasized
that good thematic reports would add value to census results. It was pointed out, in the presentation,
that a thematic report should have the following parts: an introduction; the purpose/objective; coverage
and nature of information included in the report; methodology of the adopted in the census; and a
summary.
6
34. It was underscored that there was need to effectively communicate with users of the census
results, through the in-depth analytical thematic reports. Always keeping in mind the type of audience
the report was going to address. The thematic report should provide sufficient and explained
information. The introduction of the report must be brief while details have to be included in the body
of the report. A statement of purpose of the report should give a clear indication of the way the results
are meant to be used. It is also necessary that the report should present some literature review of
previous studies related to the topic. In this way readers of the thematic report would be reminded of
previous studies on related topics.
35. It is advisable to indicate, in the report, the coverage, date and duration of the study, in this case
the census enumeration, including eligibility and type of information collected. It is helpful for some
readers to discuss the methodology used in data collection and analysis including assumptions.
Depending on the audience the report formulas may be included otherwise an Appendix would be the
right place for sophisticated detailed information on methodology. The discussion of results
constitutes a major part of the report as such discussion reveals what the results suggest. In addition, in
presenting the results the use of standard tables with proper headings and well labeled rows and
columns should be the norm. Charts and graphs may be included in the report to assist readers to
easily comprehend some results. It is also advisable to include, in the thematic report, an assessment of
the quality of data. It should be pointed out that quality assessment enhances confidence, of users, in
the results.
36. A Thematic report should present balanced and objective analysis and presentation of the subject
under consideration. Subjectivity or personal judgment/bias should, in no way, dictate the
interpretation of census findings. It is always good practice to give a summary and interpretation of the
main issues raised in the report. However, the summary should be brief and to the point. Some very
technical reports include abstracts.
37. In the discussions which ensued, with respect to technical report writing, the following issues
came to light:
(i) It was emphasized that thematic reports should be clear and to the point.
(ii) Despite being a technical thematic report, it should be useful to decision makers in the
country, in this regard, a summary is very necessary. The summary has to focus on
conclusions and implications pertinent to the study.
(iii) On the issue of subjective interpretation of study findings, a school of thought was
advanced which argued that at times subjective interpretation was necessary as it gave
the context of the study by incorporating personal values of society. In this case, it was
posited, that subjectivity would help in the interpretation of results. It was, however,
clarified that with respect to technical report writing, subjectivity had to be avoided as it
pertained to biased interpretation of results.
(iv) In general, it was recognized by seminar participants that a good and well written
thematic report would be an indispensable part of the dissemination strategy of the 2008
Malawi census results.
38.
In terms of the way forward:
(i) It was emphasized that thematic reports, on fertility, mortality, gender and on other
topics should be produced on a timely basis to the benefit of the country and some of the
reports would be associated with the current project of enhancing in-depth analysis of
census data.
(ii) A need was expressed to tap the project resources in advancing thematic report writing
on various topics and their subsequent publication.
(iii) Study visits to countries, which had successfully written and produced in-depth thematic
reports would be supported, under the project, if request will be made. In the discussion
7
which ensued some participants advocated for short term training courses, in relevant
areas, to enhance analytical capacity of staff involved in thematic report writing.
Suggested training institutions included the US Bureau of the census (Statistical training
Centre). By attending such courses, it was argued that staff would master some of the
sophisticated techniques relevant to the in-depth analysis of some thematic topics. It
was, however, pointed out that this was a unique request which would warrant further
exploration as it was not envisaged in the project.
(iv) The UNSD representative informed the seminar that technical assistance will be offered
to NSO in the form of a technical workshop on CensusInfo. This would take place
sometime in November. The workshop will cover techniques pertinent to the
finalization of the current census database including its updating.
(v) A special request was made for the project to support the printing of some thematic
reports.
(vi) In addition, the following areas were identified as some of the areas requiring technical
assistance:
- Population projections
- Analysis of data on the elderly and
- CensusInfo
(vii) The thematic analytical reports to be produced by the NSO will cover:
mortality;
fertility; economic characteristics. migration; marital status and nuptiality; household
and housing conditions, women; children and youth; aging population and the elderly;
disability; water and sanitation; education; population projections; and census
implementation and methodology.
(viii)
The following schedule of the production of thematic reports was
announced in the seminar. Thematic reports on Fertility and Mortality are currently
being finalized. Reports on education, literacy, and the elderly will ready by September
2010. The rest of the draft thematic reports will be ready by the end of the year. It was,
however, pointed out that the thematic report on projections would be preceded by the
migration report.
(ix)
In conclusion the representative of UNSD reiterated the
commitment of the Division in collaborating with the NSO on, specific topics, under the
project “Strengthening national capacity to analyse, present and disseminate data for
evidence-based policy making.” She, however, called for further discussions between
UNSD and the NSO of Malawi on the same.
CLOSING
39. Ms. Osaki Tomita Keiko made official remarks at the end of seminar. She thanked the
participants for their serious engagement in the past four days, and acknowledged that their
commitment and close interactions enriched the seminar. She urged that the knowledge they gained be
shared with other staff of MNSO upon their return. She also expressed her deep appreciation to two
lecturers who guided the seminar in a skillful manner. She then officially closed the seminar.
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ANNEX I: AGENDA
ORGANIZATION OF WORK
Monday, 19 July 2010
Morning Session 9:00 – 12:00
Opening Session

Opening remarks by Mr. Charles Machinjili, Director, Malawi
National Statistical Office

Opening remarks by Ms. Keiko Osaki Tomita, Chief, Demographics
and Social Statistics Branch, United Nations Statistics Division

Introduction of participants
Coffee break
Session I:
Introduction to the Project (Keiko Osaki Tomita, UNSD)
Introduction to the Seminar (Griffith Feeney)
Session II:
Fertility Analysis

Fertility levels in the context of socio-economic development (Angela
Msosa, Malawi NSO)

Basic measures of fertility (CBR, ASFR, TFR, CEB, etc.)

Estimating fertility from census age-sex distributions (reverse survival
estimation, etc)
Lunch break
Afternoon Session 1:30 – 5:00
Session II:
Fertility Analysis (continued)
Tuesday, 20 July 2010
Morning Session 9:00 – 12:00
Session II:
Fertility Analysis (continued)

Other methods of fertility estimation (P/F ratio, etc)
9
Lunch break
Afternoon Session 1:30 – 5:00
Session II:
Fertility Analysis (continued)

Recap of points covered in Session II
Wednesday, 21 July 2010
Morning Session 9:00 – 12:00
Session III:
Nuptiality Analysis

Basic nuptiality measures (age at first marriage, mean age at first
marriage, median age at first marriage, etc)

Exercises
Lunch break
Afternoon Session 1:30-5:00
Session III:
Nuptiality Analysis (continued)

Introduction to Period Nuptiality Tables
Thursday, 22 July 2010
Morning Session 9:00 – 12:00
Session III:
Nuptiality Analysis (continued)

Recap of points covered in Session III
Lunch break
Afternoon Session 1:30-5:00
Session IV:
Introduction to CensusInfo (Margaret Mbogoni, UNSD)
10
Session V:
General discussion on gender issues in Malawi in the context of socioeconomic development (Keiko Osaki Tomita, UNSD)
Session VI:
Discussion on future plans (Jeremiah Banda, consultant)
Closing Session
11
ANNEX II: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Malawi National Statistics Office, University of Malawi and UNFPA, Malawi
Contact Person Information
Ms. Angela Msosa
Chief Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mr. Shelton Kanyanda
Chief Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mrs. Mylen Mahobe
Principal Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mr. Simeon Yosefe
Principal Statistician
National Statistics Office
Ms. Tiope Mleme
Senior Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mr. Timothy M’manga
Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mr. Medson Makwemba
Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mr. Blignaut Joshua Kadam’manja
Statistician
National Statistics Office
Ms. Maggie Kalino
Statistician
Mr. Richard Phiri
Statistician
Mr. Malawi Yute
Senior Statistician
National Statistics Office
Mr. Jelisat Dalitso Chabwera
Statistician
Mr. Andrew Jamali
Agriculture Statistics Division
Mr. Lawrence Kazembe
Associate Professor
Chancellor College
University of Malawi
Mr. Benjamin Kaneka
Lecturer in Demography
Chancellor College
University of Malawi
Mr. Jesman Chintsanya
Lecturer
Department of Population Studies
Chancellor College
University of Malawi
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17.
18.
19.
Mr. George Mandere
Lecturer
Department of Population Studies
Chancellor College
University of Malawi
Mr. Jason Onsembe
UNFPA
CTA, Malawi Census
Mr. Thomas Chataghalala Munthali
Population and Development Officer
UNFPA
20.
21.
22.
23.
United Nations Statistics Division
Ms. Keiko Osaki-Tomita
Chief
Demographic and Social Statistics Branch
United Nations Statistics Division
Ms. Margaret Mbogoni
Statistician
Demographic Statistics Section
Demographic and Social Statistics Branch
United Nations Statistics Division
Dr. Jeremiah Banda
Consultant
United Nations Statistics Division
Dr. Griffith Feeney
Consultant
United Nations Statistics Division
13